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WASHINGTON, Nov. 8 (Xinhua) -- Children with autism have more brain cells and heavier brains compared to typically developing children, according to a study to be published on Wednesday in the Journal of the American Medical Association.The small, preliminary study provides direct evidence for possible prenatal causes of autism.The prefrontal cortex is involved in various higher order functions such as language and communication, social behavior, mood, and attention. Children who have autism tend to show deficits in such functions.Eric Courchesne, of the University of San Diego School of Medicine Autism Center of Excellence, and colleagues conducted direct counts of brain cells in specific regions of the prefrontal cortex in postmortem brains of seven boys who had autism and six typically developing males, ranging in age from 2-16 years. Most participants had died in accidents, but the researchers did not base their selection on causes of death.The researchers found that children with autism had 67 percent more neurons in the prefrontal cortex and heavier brains for their age compared to typically developing children. Since these neurons are produced before birth, the study's findings suggest that faulty prenatal cell birth or maintenance may be involved in the development of autism. Another possible factor that may contribute to the neuronal excess is a reduction in apoptosis, or programmed cell death, which normally occurs during the third trimester and early postnatal life.Though small, this preliminary study examined all relevant postmortem tissue available at the time. The relative scarcity of tissue from very young children may limit future research as well, but efforts to include a larger number of samples are needed to confirm these findings and to identify patterns of age-related changes in autism, the researchers say."Earlier studies of head circumference and early brain overgrowth have pointed us in this direction, but there have been few quantitative neuroanatomical studies due to the lack of postmortem tissue from children with autism," said Thomas Insel, director of the National Institute of Mental Health, in a statement. "These new results, along with an earlier study reporting altered wiring of the prefrontal cortex, focus our attention on this critical area of the brain in autism."

BEIJING, Dec. 28 (Xinhuanet) -- A vagrant boy sat all huddled up in a corner of Beijing Railway Station, trying to keep himself warm in the chilly wind on Tuesday afternoon.He could only remember that he was 16 and that his home was far away from Beijing but failed to provide other vital information such as his name or home address.Two officials from the social assistance center for the homeless in Beijing's Dongcheng district came to his assistance within half an hour of receiving a passer-by's call. The boy was taken to the center's office for some paper work and then sent to a shelter for the homeless in Fengtai district.A teenager, unsure of his identity and living on a street corner near Beijing Railway Station, is helped by China Daily photographer Wang Jing on Tuesday before being taken to a care center."Our center handles about three or four similar cases every month. Those whose family cannot be contacted immediately are sent to the shelter," said Cao Hui, an official who came to the railway station to pick up the boy.The method of collecting vagrants and sending them to shelters would include an extra step by 2013, according to a notice jointly issued by eight government departments, including the Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA), on Monday.The circular required the public security, urban management authorities and rescue centers nationwide to collect blood samples from vagrant children. Their DNA information will be recorded and checked against the national DNA database to see if these could be matched with that of missing children's parents', in case they were kidnapped or stolen by criminals.The eight government departments will start a year-long national campaign in 2012, aiming to return street children to their homes, which will be led by the MCA.The MCA urged provincial governments to set up special offices to coordinate the campaign.Civil Affairs minister Li Liguo said on Monday that the ministry will speed up revising the management regulations related to the homeless and beggars in cities, introduced in 2003. Detailed rules about how different government departments should cooperate with each other to help vagrant children would be formulated in the revised regulation.The notice also urged the civil affairs authorities to organize social workers to provide one-on-one psychological counseling and aid services to street children.Educational authorities in locations where the vagrant children are originally from are required to facilitate their returning to schools or vocational institutions. Those from poor families can have their school fees reduced or waived.Yu Jianrong, a professor with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and an initiator of a grassroots campaign to help child beggars, begun in January, applauded the government's consistent efforts to help street children to resume a normal life."The notice definitely shows the government's determination to keep children away from begging or performing on the street.""However, seeing no vagrant children on the street doesn't mean all problems have been solved. The government should make more efforts to improve the social security network for children," he added.Ablikim has been working with a non-governmental organization in Urumqi of Northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region that has helped about 300 children - originally from Xinjiang who turned up on the streets of more prosperous cities, begging and picking pockets - to reunite with their families or put them in child rescue centers.The 27-year-old Uygur volunteer, urged the police to carefully check the identities of adults who brought several children to the railway station or bus stops, as they could well be human traffickers.

BEIJING, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- China will firmly stand together with African countries while unswervingly pushing forward Sino-African strategic partnership, no matter how the international environment changes, said Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Zhai Jun Thursday.Zhai made the remarks in a signed article on top Chinese political advisor Jia Qinglin's upcoming visit to Africa.Africa still faced enormous challenges against the backdrop of simmering global finance crisis, and turbulence encountered by several countries in western Asia and northern Africa, which dealt a blow to Africa's peace, stability and development, Zhai said, adding that some outside forces' intervention into Africa's internal affairs impeded the integration process among African countries.Within this context, there is stronger demand of African countries for stability, development, solidarity and independence, he said.The international community should pay more attention to Africa's voice and problems, respect its opinions, accommodate its concerns, protect peace, stability and development in Africa, and support Africa's independent settlement of issues in its own region, Zhai said.He said Jia's visit, first foreign trip paid by Chinese leaders in the Chinese Lunar New Year, will be of great significance in deepening Sino-African ties and cementing the solidarity and cooperation among developing countries, Zhai said.Jia will declare China's determination on developing Sino-African ties during the trip, he said.Enhancing solidarity and cooperation with Africa constitutes an important part of China's diplomacy, and will be the long-term strategic choice firmly pursued by China, Zhai said.

BEIJING, Nov. 25 (Xinhua) -- The Ministry of Commerce (MOC) said Friday that it will start an investigation into the U.S. government's policy support and subsidies for its renewable energy sector over trade barrier concerns.The MOC will look into six renewable energy programs concerning wind, solar and hydroelectric energy in the states of Washington, Massachusetts, Ohio, New Jersey and California, the MOC said in a statement posted on its website.The investigation was applied for by the China Chamber of Commerce for Imports and Exports of Machinery and Electronic Products, as well as the new energy chamber of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce."The applicants argued that the U.S. government's policy support and subsidies for its renewable energy industry constitute a trade barrier, as they violate the rules of the World Trade Organization and have hindered and restricted the development of China's renewable energy sector," the statement said.The applicants requested the elimination of any negative influence from the U.S. government's policy support and subsidies in order to maintain a fair trade environment, according to the statement.The investigation will end before May 25, 2012, although it may be extended to August 25, 2012 under special circumstances, according to the statement.

来源：资阳报