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The 2016 election was psychologically traumatic for some, according to a new study published in the Journal of American College Health. It found that 1 out of 4 students surveyed experienced clinically significant event-related distress short term.Researchers from San Francisco State University, University of California, San Francisco and Arizona State University assessed a diverse group of nearly 800 undergraduates at Arizona State two to three months after the election.A key battleground, Arizona got a lot of political attention. Ultimately, Trump won Arizona by a narrow margin, earning 48.7% of the vote.The survey students filled out asked questions to determine the emotional effect of the event the election. It asked about the impact the election had on close relationships and assessed clinical symptoms of distress and subclinical impacts, meaning emotions that don't present definitive, more readily observable symptoms.Symptoms included "avoidance," a clinical term used to describe how someone deliberately stays away from whatever is causing them trauma, and "intrusion," a clinical term meaning the inability to keep memories of the source of their trauma from returning. The researchers also looked to see if demographics made a difference.Most of those surveyed, 65%, said the election had no impact on their close relationships. About 24% reported a slight or very negative impact and a little more than 10% reported a positive impact.If the election did have a negative emotional impact, avoidance was more common than intrusion among these students. One-fourth of participants showed clinically significant avoidance and intrusion symptoms in response to the election. Women, Democrats, people who did not identify as Christian and sexual minorities reported significantly more event-related distress, the study found.The students surveyed came from diverse backgrounds and held a mix of political opinions. Of the group, 18.5% reported that they were satisfied with the result of the election, 25% said they were somewhat satisfied, 19.2% said they were somewhat dissatisfied, and 37.2% said they were completely dissatisfied. Thirty-nine percent also reported that they were "considerably or extremely" upset by the election, 28.5% were not at all upset, the rest fell somewhere between.The study had limitations. The survey did not look at conditions long term. It couldn't rule out other stressors. It only looked at this one election and did not evaluate how students reacted in other years.Other studies looking at the 2016 election have found similar results. A study released in June that surveyed nearly 300 students two days before the 2016 election, on election night, and two days after, found that students who were concerned about Trump's ability to govern and those who were a part of the "non-dominant social group," including women and people of color, showed increased signs of stress before and during election night. Biological tests showed some signs of increased stress after the election, although there was a general recovery in mood, according to self-reported results.Lindsay Till Hoyt, who co-authored that study and is not connected with the current work, found this latest research interesting. She was not surprised that students felt increased stress."I think so much of the social media and news about the election really felt personal and aimed at specific groups like Mexican Americans and women," Hoyt, an?assistant professor of psychology at Fordham University,?said.For example, she cites Trump's justification for building a wall between Mexico and the US, saying in a debate "we have some bad hombres here and we're going to get them out." Or when a 2005 "Access Hollywood" tape was released in which Trump talked about how his celebrity status allowed him to behave aggressively with women, saying he could "grab them by the (expletive)" and that he would sometimes "just start kissing them.""Comments like those could hit very close to home, as opposed to arguments about abstract concepts like foreign policy and economic policy, students might not be as well versed in those topics," Hoyt said. "Because there was literal name-calling going on in the election cycle, even with students less politically engaged, that strong language and the harsher crassness of the rhetoric may have had a more broad effect on these students."In another study she and a graduate student are working on, they've noticed that both sides, conservatives and liberals, say they have felt discriminated against during the election, and preliminary results show it has caused them stress that interrupted their sleep."It's not just along ethnic and racial discrimination lines," Hoyt said "Conservatives also feel discrimination is affecting their sleep, it crosses both sides of the political aisle."Another 2018 study looking at how 700 teachers navigated the days after the election with K-12 students, and researchers found stories of such distress. One surveyed teacher remarked "for millions of people, this is real trauma."Beth Sondel,?who co-authored that study of teachers, finds this latest research on college students useful."Many of these young kids that the teachers were talking about in our study weren't privy to the policy being presented in the election, but the rhetoric was so strong it was impacting them," said Sondel, a research assistant professor in the department of instruction and learning at the University of Pittsburgh School of Education.Teachers reported they saw an immediate heightened fear of deportation among students. One teacher reported one of her seventh graders asked her if "Trump can come with a bus and get me?" Another teacher in Nebraska said a high school student who was expecting a baby asked if the teacher would take care of the baby if he was deported. Another teacher reported consoling a second-grade student who told her through tears that she was worried that when she'd get home from school her parents wouldn't be there."In general, I think our results are similar, in that we are finding that even these younger students are internalizing this rhetoric and it is causing stress and trauma," Sondel said. "I think the personal has become really political in this election."The authors hope this latest study will help mental health professionals better counsel college students have. Knowing that an election can cause distress, professionals should ask about it to better target treatment, they said. 6606

The "City by the Bay" is known for more than a few things. Treacherous hills, cable cars, golden bridges and…Sourdough bread, which is San Francisco’s not so well-kept secret for at least the last 150 years, if not longer. Just ask Jen Latham.“The Basque country, which is that region kind of in between France and Spain, has an amazing tradition of this exact style of bread, like that very crusty, very wet, very open crumb bread. And during the gold rush and just after the gold rush, there was this huge influx of Basque people to the to this area. They brought that tradition of bread here,” said Latham.Latham is the head of Bread at Tartine Bakery in San Francisco.Ever since San Francisco boomed in the mid 1800’s with the gold rush, the city has been a haven for the sour bakers. The tradition is alive and well at Tartine.What makes sourdough different than other bread? It’s this little thing called a starter.“It’s a paste of flour and water that’s inoculated with the right balance of yeast and bacteria to raise dough,” said Latham.Yup just mix a little flour and water and let it collect the natural bacteria in the air and you too can have your very own sourdough starter. And since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic people have.People at home have been making, feeding, and nurturing their own starter at home.“Hopped on the bandwagon during COVID, just like millions of people probably did. Kind of found some blogs and started from there but it’s been going since like April,” said TC Jamison, a home baker.Jamison started his starter six month ago when the lockdowns were in full swing. He’s been baking and feeding it ever since.“You’re dealing with something that’s alive, so it’s going to be different every time,” said Jamison.Yup, feeding it fresh flour and water every day, for six months. It’s a lot of work.“The starter has been going, the one that we use now for well over 20 years,” Latham explained.So Jamison has a little ways to go. Some bakeries in San Francisco have had an ongoing starter for more than 150 years.But Jamison has a pretty special goal for his starter."My daughter was born in June. I was pretty hell bent on keeping the starter going before she was born and then afterwards. So now I can always say, that’s been around since before you were born,” he said. That will go down in the dad joke hall of fame.At Tartine, they’ll continue to shape, fold, and flour their way into the fabric of San Francisco sourdough history.“You’re never done learning about bread. There’s always more to learn. There’s always things you can change, there’s infinite variables. The flour and the weather and you’re fermentation management, timing, temperature. You’re never done,” said Latham 2732

Students who survived the school shooting in Florida are using their voices to try and spur change. It’s young voices, that haven’t heard before who are speaking up.Seven seniors from Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School — Jack Haimowitz, Ronnie Froetschel, Vincent Frettoloso, Matthew Horowitz, Cole Sumner, Cain DeLima and Joey Mondelli — say they hope the tragedy spurs change.“The day that changed everything,” Mondelli said, when asked how he wants people to remember the day of the shooting.“I don’t want them to look at it as a statistic,” Somner said. “I want people to see this as the last one. I want people to look back at that day because that was the end,” Haimowitz said. These are seven faces of survival, family, and ultimately, they hope, change. “If there’s anyone that can change the outcome of situations, it’s going to be Parkland and we will change it,” Frettoloso said. “It’s tough when you’re by yourself so when you’re all together, it kind of get your mind off it,” DeLima said. Tonight, they’re freshly blonde, for their friend and victim, Joaquin Oliver. “His favorite artist was Frank Ocean, when he dropped his album 'Blonde,' it was about the time Joaquin dyed his hair this color,” Haimowitz said. “He was everyone’s friend.”“That kid didn’t know a single thing about lacrosse and he was out there screaming like he’s been playing it for the last 18 years,” Haimowitz said. On Wednesday, they grew up fast. “It’s a race for maturity. No one really told us there was going to be a starting line or a starting gun, they just expected us to go,” Haimowitz said. First, they will grieve. They have 17 funerals to attend. When the time’s right, perpetuate change. “An assault rifle, that’s a weapon made with intent to murder and harm people. So once we feel ready, we’re going to make our voice heard that our platform is built upon making sure weapons like these can’t get in the hands of people again,” Haimowitz said.  2042

TAMPA, Fla. — A creation to help combat the coronavirus from USF Health and Tampa General Hospital is now helping people across the world.When the COVID-19 pandemic started, researchers worked to fill in gaps from the shortages that came with it, including nasal testing swabs.“Unfortunately that component of the test kit was missing because it actually comes from overseas and actually it’s manufactured in northern Italy and if we recall back to March that is where everything was shut down and so that directly impacted our ability to be able to start testing for COVID in the U.S.,” said Summer Decker, Ph.D., the director of 3D clinical applications at USF radiology and TGH.So a team used technology in their lab to create a 3D nasal swab.“We worked with our colleagues here and the department of infectious disease and emergency medicine to be able to come up with an alternative to that swab that was in the test kit that actually was patient safe, comfortable and actually was able to capture that viral test that we needed so badly to do,” said Decker.Quickly, they moved from design to clinical research, partnering with Northwell Health in addition to TGH.“So suddenly we were getting bags and bags of these test kits thousands a week and it’s what saved us and I think in some ways it saved the Tampa Bay area because it allowed our hospital to really keep up this high volume testing,” said Dr. Jason Wilson, the associate medical director of TGH’s emergency department.That clinical trial is now completed.“What we found was pretty amazing. They performed as well and in some cases even better than the traditional swab,” Decker said. “That clinical trial has now come out it’s been published in a top journal for infectious disease.”Wilson said the hospital still uses them when there’s not enough standard of care swabs.The team also shared the information with the swab for other hospitals and agencies facing shortages, so they could create them. Since then, Decker said tens of millions are being used in more than two dozen countries.“It’s pretty incredible to us. We all kind of keep pinching ourselves,” Decker said.She says to her, the swab represents collaboration.“It’s not just a COVID thing. This is something that we can look at using long-term and beyond this COVID situation,” she said.This story was first published by Haley Bull at WFTS in Tampa Bay, Florida. 2401

Starting a new school year can raise challenges. Missing school days can put a child at risk academically. Chronic absenteeism – can translate into inability to master reading, failing subjects or even dropping out of high school.  The reasons may be complex but don’t worry because help is available! Why does attendance matter? 347