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LA JOLLA, Calif. (KGTV) - Students in a UC San Diego computer science course are still trying to understand why someone put a racial slur in their study guide dozens of times.The CSE 134B midterm study guide was a collaborative effort among the students. Only those in the class had access to it and could edit it anonymously.The night before the exam, students like Raymond Arevalo were shocked to see the n-word in it 85 times."I got on the study guide and saw the instance of the n-word, and then I noticed another instance," said Arevalo. "I was really shocked and kind of mad because this wasn't the first time this has happened before in other classes I've been."Arevalo says he has experienced a negative culture in the computer science program at the school. He says far too often minorities and women are targeted in the male-dominated field.He shared images of the defaced midterm online, hoping to raise awareness of the problems he believes exist."People continue to do these things knowing that they won't get in trouble, and it's like a small joke to them, if the person were to get in trouble that would be nice," said Arevalo.The story was first reported in The Triton, an independent, student-run news source. There they posted the version of the study guide with racial slurs."We're here to learn and get educated, not make others feel ashamed or threatened for just being them," said Olivia Thomsen, a UCSD student.10News called and emailed the class professor for comment but did not hear back.10News also reached out to university officials, they did not comment and referred us to their Principles of Community. 1641

Last year's seasonal flu vaccine effectiveness was just 42%, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated. Even if vaccinated, then, people had inadequate protection against the flu.This limited effectiveness was due to a mutation that occurred in the influenza A (H3N2) vaccine strain, according to a new study published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. This vaccine mutation resulted from an egg-based manufacturing process commonly used today.This year's flu vaccine may also be imperfect, said Scott Hensley, author of the new study and an associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania. Add to that, he said, "this could end up being a pretty bad flu season."Still, he said, "our best protection" against severe illness is getting vaccinated with the flu shot we have today.Finding answersEach year before flu season begins, a vaccine is made based on whichever virus strains are expected to circulate. The selected seed strains are distributed to vaccine manufacturers which then produce their formulations and make them available to health care professionals before the season begins.During the 2015-16 season, vaccine effectiveness was 47%, while for the previous 2014-15 season, effectiveness was just 19%, according to the CDC. While the overall effectiveness of last season's vaccine was 42%, it was only 34% effective against the H3N2 viruses that dominated the season.Vaccine effectiveness varies based on how well it matches the circulating virus strains. Sometimes, a vaccine corresponds to the predominant virus yet its effectiveness is still not what scientists would expect. Trying to understand which element of the vaccine failed is difficult.Hensley and his team began their investigation of last year's vaccine by looking at the seed strains that had been distributed to vaccine manufacturers. These seed strains had been propagated in chicken eggs, the common method used today."The sequences of these viruses are available and when we did an alignment to see what the sequence of these vaccines were compared to the viruses that were circulating, it became very obvious that there was this mutation," said Hensley.To see the effects of the mutation, the team next looked at how the immune systems of both animals and humans who'd been inoculated with an egg-based flu vaccine responded to the actual circulating viruses.The antibodies -- immune system proteins that fight invading pathogens -- elicited in both animals and humans failed to bind to and neutralize the flu viruses, Hensley and his colleagues found.While most vaccines in the United States are made in chicken eggs, a small fraction are produced in insects or mammalian cells, Hensley explained. (These are given to people with egg allergies.) He and his team compared immune responses in animals and humans who had received a cell-based vaccine -- in this case, Flublok made by Protein Sciences Corporation."And we found both animals and humans receiving that (cell-based) vaccine had superior antibody responses that could bind and neutralize these circulating H3N2 strains," said Hensley.Making a better vaccine"Most of the infrastructure to produce vaccines in the US is based on chicken eggs," said Hensley. There are good reasons for this, including the fact that egg-based propagation allows manufacturers to quickly produce large quantities of vaccine.While egg adaptations have always been a problem, beginning last year it had become a "huge problem," said Hensley. "As soon as you try to grow this virus in eggs, within a few hours, the virus will acquire this kind of mutation."This is not an easy problem to fix, he said. To produce vaccines in cells means "a very expensive process for companies to just change their overall manufacturing process," Hensley explained. "You can't really do that on the drop of a dime."Meanwhile, the same seed strains used last year are being used this year to make the current vaccine, said Hensley."This year may be especially difficult because, in addition to this egg adaptive mutation which was present last year, there's indication that the H3N2 viruses are actually evolving," said Hensley.Not only will the vaccine be a mismatch with the actual circulating viruses due to egg adaptation but the vaccine could also be a mismatch due to unexpected viral evolution.What kind of flu season is ahead?It's too early to speculate which viruses will become dominant in the United States over the course of the coming flu season, said Hensley, "but it's starting to look like it will be H3 viruses." H3 viruses are influenza A viruses."There are the A group of viruses and the B groups," said Dr. William Schaffner, an infectious disease specialist at Vanderbilt University. "The A groups are the ones that usually are responsible for large epidemics ... whereas the B flu strains usually smolder along. They always cause illness -- it can be just as severe as the A strains -- but they don't produce large outbreaks."Though last year's vaccine was mostly ineffective in thwarting the flu, it still prevented nearly 30% of hospitalizations that might have resulted, according to CDC calculations. For older adults, that rate was even higher, at 37%. Plus, the vaccine reduced outpatient visits by 42% last season.The CDC advises everyone 6 months and older to get a flu shot, as only injectable flu vaccines are recommended. More than 130 million doses of flu vaccine have been distributed so far this year and flu activity is still low across the nation.It's still early days, but experts believe we may be facing a tough season, and not only because of vaccine concerns.The reason?Australia had a tough flu season this year, with a total of 215,280 laboratory-confirmed cases and 504 flu-associated deaths reported to its National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System as of October 13, government data show. According to a surveillance system report, adults over the age of 80 and children between 5 and 9 years old have been most affected."In general, we get in our season what the Southern Hemisphere got in the season immediately preceding us," Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the United States' National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said in an interview last month.An "intelligent guess," therefore, is that the Northern Hemisphere, like the Southern Hemisphere, will likely battle more cases of the viral infection, he said, though "with influenza, it is never 100%.""If H3N2 viruses dominate the US flu season again this year, vaccine effectiveness will likely be moderate to low again," said Hensley.Still, he said, everyone should get their annual flu shot."The other components of the vaccine, like H1N1 and influenza B, will likely provide excellent protection," said Hensley. "The vaccine will also likely prevent severe disease and death caused by H3N2 viruses, even though this component of the vaccine is mismatched."  6969

LAKESIDE, Calif. (KGTV) -- The forward rate of spread of a Lakeside brush fire has been stopped, Cal Fire said. The announcement comes after the San Diego Sheriff's Department evacuated 14402-14470 Willow Road as the blaze threatened homes Wednesday afternoon. Evacuations were lifted shortly after 3:30 p.m.According to the Cal Fire, the fire sparked around 12:40 p.m. near the 14000 block of Willow Road. Crews were quickly able to stop of spread of the original fire, but a second, larger fire erupted about 15 minutes later.In total, the blaze scorched 52 acres and, as of Wednesday night, was 100 percent contained. #WillowFire in Lakeside [final] All units available. The fire is 100% contained after burning 52 acres.— CAL FIRE/SAN DIEGO COUNTY FIRE (@CALFIRESANDIEGO) September 26, 2019 RELATED: Check today's forecastThe blaze comes as moisture is set to move into the county Wednesday with a chance for showers and thunderstorms. "While there is a slight chance for a few showers this afternoon, most activity will hold off until this evening with peak activity tonight through tomorrow morning," said 10News Meteorologist Megan Parry. 1154

LAS VEGAS, Nevada — In the era of the "Me Too" movement and against a backdrop of sexual misconduct in the school district, a YouTube video has some wondering whether a candidate for the Board of Trustees is sending the wrong message on social media. Her video is called "How to Be Sexy."It's been viewed more than a million times, but now it's getting serious scrutiny as the self-described non-traditional candidate is running for school board trustee. Watch the full interview with Danielle Ford in the video player at the end of this story."I initially searched for the videos because I started hearing other employees discussing it and saying they were kind of concerned," said Elena Rodriguez, CCSD Student Services Division. Elena Rodriguez has worked for the district for decades. She's an outspoken advocate for change and accountability and regularly attends and speaks at school board meetings."As difficult as it is for women to climb the ladder of administration and so forth, and the issues that we've had in the past with employees being accused of sexual harassment and discrimination and so forth, I think it sends the wrong message," Rodriguez said.Danielle Ford isn't shying away from her videos, but she does want to explain them. "As far as that particular video and the messaging of sexiness, I very much believe in empowering women to love their bodies and to be proud of who they are."Danielle dropped out of high school when she became pregnant at age 17 and got her G.E.D. She says this video and others posted on her Young Moms Club website are designed to reach out to other teen moms who face the same stigma and challenges she did when she was a CCSD student.Getting that message out is a serious effort for Ford. Drawing from her own personal experience she takes on the meaning of teen motherhood in the TedX talk from 2013."If we can offer support and encouragement to these girls rather than criticism and judgment, then we can all positively affect the lives of over 10 million people."Drawing from her marketing experience, Danielle says she has to be creative to ensure teen moms get her message. "And although I wouldn't use that same tagline and picture if I'm talking to different people, it worked!  Because that video itself has over a million views.  And it brought you here," Ford added.Danielle's message to feel confident and powerful at any age as a woman is strong. But the context of that video ("How to Be Sexy") is how to get and keep a man. Some are questioning if that's a good message to send to young girls. According to Ford, "Girls do want that! We all do! We all want a partner."Though she posted these videos years before knowing she'd run for public office, she stands behind them all. Including a video entitled "Why I Let My 10-Year-Old Daughter Date." But as you'll hear in the video below, that "date" was really just a family outing to Chuck E. Cheese.Ford said, "I feel like it's a really good thing to teach her now what a date is and how to be treated by boys."She also has a video on "How to Get a Boyfriend... It's Seriously Just Like Shopping.""When you watch the videos, the common theme is that we need to empower kids instead of criticizing them for having thoughts or whatever it is," Ford added.But Rodriguez says there's a better way to empower young women. "For example, towards education--higher education--technical schools. There are many other ways to empower women versus just talking about how you can be sexy."Long-time Trustee Carolyn Edwards, who's terming out of the spot Ford is running for, says trustees must live up to a higher standard and that includes social media.Regarding her "How to Be Sexy" video, Danielle told us, "I wouldn't make that video--based on what I've heard--again, but I'm also not going to take it down."In fact, she's got a link to her Young Moms Club videos on her candidate website. "If you want to get something you've never had, you have to elect people that you never have in the past."Here's the full interview with Danielle Ford. 4114

Labor Day is coming up, but that doesn't mean all Americans are taking the day off.A survey from the U.S. Travel Association says not enough Americans are using their vacation days. In fact, the study found U.S. workers wasted a record-setting 658 million vacation days.There's proof that those vacation days can do the mind and body some good.A group of doctors found that people who did take days off to do things they enjoyed had better blood pressure levels, lower stress levels and had an improved body mass index. They were also less likely to be depressed or feel negative.All these effects were seen in people who took at least one week of vacation per year.Experts also say it's not about quantity, but about quality.So, if you can't take an entire week off from work, no worries! Just make the time off worth it by doing things you actually enjoy and spending it with people you like.Another benefit-- the same study says people who take more time off are more likely to get a promotion or a raise. The amount of time people take off differs from state to state. Workers in Idaho are leaving their vacation time on the table. According to a new report from Wallet Hub, Alaska is the hardest working state, while people in Michigan take it the easiest. 1274