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BEIJING, Nov. 4 (Xinhua) -- China will strengthen exchanges and cooperation with its neighboring countries to further deepen their mutual understanding and friendship, a senior Chinese diplomat said Thursday.Hu Zhengyue, Chinese assistant foreign minister, said China supports social and cultural exchanges between different countries on the basis of respecting each other's tradition, social system and developing mode.The recent years have seen dynamic exchanges between China and its neighboring countries and their cooperation has been broadened and enriched, Hu said in a Foreign Ministry media release."In 2009 alone, there are about 21.7 million visitors coming from northeast, southeast and south Asian countries," he said."Besides, more than 160,000 foreign students studying in China in 2009 were from Asian countries," he added.China attaches great importance to enhancing communication and exchanges between young people of Asian countries, and has established young people's regular exchanging mechanism with Japan, India, Vietnam, Mongolia and Pakistan, he said.

lNEW YORK, Sept. 18 (Xinhua) -- Since global leaders established the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2000, China has achieved remarkable progress in achieving the grand targets.As the world's largest developing nation, China has pursued the way of peace and development, adopted policies of gender equality, resource conservation and environmental protection, and taken action to advance the implementation of the MDGs.The MDGs were established in 2000 at the Millennium Summit in New York.World leaders pledged there to do their utmost to attain the goals by 2015, including slashing poverty, fighting disease, halting environmental degradation and boosting health.According to UN reports, global progress on poverty reduction was largely due to the reduction of hunger in China.Since 1990, poverty, especially absolute poverty in rural areas, has been greatly reduced, according to the UN Development Program (UNDP).China has now achieved the target of halving the number of poor people from the 1990 figure of 85 million, and thus has realized the target of halving the proportion of people living in extreme poverty.An MDGs report issued in June noted that the sharpest reductions in poverty continued to be recorded in East Asia. Poverty rates in China were expected to fall to around 5 percent by 2015.Some of the MDGs, including those on primary education, have already been achieved in China 13 years in advance. The mortality rate of children under five dropped from 61 per 1,000 births in 1991 to 25 in 2004. The maternal mortality ratio decreased from 89 per 100,000 live births in 1990 to 51.3 in 2003.

BEIJING, Oct. 14 (Xinhua) -- China shut down 1,355 small coal mines with a total production capacity of 125.19 million tonnes by the end of September as part of efforts to restructure its mining industry, the National Energy Administration (NEA) said Thursday.The latest figures indicate that the NEA had surpassed its annual target of eliminating 121.67 million tonnes of outdated production capacity this year.According to the NEA, 1,539 small and dangerous coal mines with 121.67 million tonnes of outdated capacity had to be closed in China this year to meet the country's requirement for preventing deadly accidents and reducing carbon dioxide emissions and pollution.The energy watchdog also said it would strengthen inspection on small coal mines for the rest of the year and ensure that the mining restructuring plan be completed as scheduled this year.China has long relied on coal to fuel its rapid economic growth. About three-fourths of its electricity is generated from coal-fired power stations, according to the NEA.

BEIJING, Oct. 15 (Xinhua) -- Northeast China's Jilin province, one of the country's major grain production centers, is poised to see a bumper harvest this year despite low temperatures and devastating floods and as concerns about food security increase on the eve of World Food Day on Oct. 16.Grain production is expected to hit a record 29.5 million tonnes in Jilin this year, surpassing the previous high of 28.4 million tonnes in 2008, said Wang Shouchen, vice governor of the province.Meanwhile, Heilongjiang province, the country's largest grain production center in northeast China, may also produce a record output this year, surpassing last year's 43.53 million tonnes.China's annual grain production has grown for six consecutive years, with total output hitting 530.8 million tonnes, up 100.1 million tonnes from 2003, but experts say more frequent natural disasters, decreasing arable land, rapid urbanization and industrialization are posing great challenges to the country's food security.Zheng Fengtian, a professor of agriculture and rural development works with the Beijing-based Renmin University of China, told Xinhua one of greatest future challenges for China's food security will be the Chinese farmer's unwillingness to produce grains because of low yields. Instead, most farmers will prefer being migrant workers in big cities. < Their interest in growing grains might becomes further dampened as prices of agricultural equipment and other materials continue rising. In contrast, migrant workers are receiving increasingly higher pay in the cities, Zheng said.Government figures show about 47 percent of Chinese people, or 622 million people, now live in cities and towns; almost 200 million are immigrants, or people from other parts of the country.At a forum on the urban-rural divide last month, Zuo Xuejin, Executive Vice President of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, said that another 400 million people from rural China are likely to migrate to cities in the next 20 years, which means there will be fewer farmers in the fields.With China's rapid industrialization and urbanization, a decline in available farming land is inevitable, and poses a large threat for China's food security, Zheng Fengtian said.A survey by the Ministry of Land and Resources shows that farm lands have shrunk by 123 million mu (8.2 million hectares) between 1997 and 2009.The Chinese government announced in 2003 that it would put in place a strict system to protect arable land, and guaranteed that a minimum 1.8-billion mu of arable land would be available. But official figures reveal arable land totaled only 1.635 billion mu last year, down by 191 million mu from 2008.Zheng Fengtian said to ensure food security, the government should show more determination in protecting farm land. But more importantly, it should also increase profit yields for grain growers, and by facilitating technological advances, also help to raise the grain yield per unit of arable land.World Food Day, initiated in 1981 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), is celebrated every year on Oct. 16. The theme this year is United against Hunger.In part due to soaring food prices and the financial crisis in 2009, one billion people around the world are suffering from hunger, which FAO Director-General Jacques Diouf said was a "tragic achievement in these modern days," according to a statement on the FAO website.While some people are starving, the quantity of food that gets wasted stands in stark contrast. Zheng Tianfeng estimated that about 85 million tonnes of grain were wasted in China during consumption and storage. Also, at least 10 percent of food is wasted daily at family dinner tables.A survey by food authorities in 2006 also showed 8-10 percent of the grain was lost in storage, which means that Chinese farmers can lose up to 20 million tonnes of grain each year.In order to help farmers better store their produce, some "grain banks" had been set up in the past. Farmers could deposit their produce in the "banks" and withdraw them when needed.Wu Mancang, a 34-year-old farmer from Taicang city in eastern Jiangsu province, said he used to store grain at his home, but the grain would become spoiled. With the grain "banks", that problem has been resolved. A total of 8 such "banks" with 23 service centers are currently operational in Taicang, covering 60 percent of the farmers in the region."Global warming, and more frequent natural disasters, will also be a challenge for food security," Zheng said, as summer grain output fell 0.3 percent after a prolonged drought in southwestern China in the first half of the year.China's National Development and Reform Commission, the nation' s top economic regulator, said Tuesday it would increase the state minimum purchase price of wheat in major wheat-growing areas in 2011.The minimum purchase price for white wheat will increase by 5 yuan (0.73 U.S. dollars) from the 2010 level to 95 yuan per 50 kilograms, while the price for red wheat will increase by 7 yuan to 93 yuan. The move aims to protect farmer incomes and promote grain production.

BEIJING, Oct. 24 (Xinhua) -- China's Ministry of Commerce (MOC) vowed to step up regulation of sugar markets on Sunday after reserves helped stabilize prices which recently rose to a record high amid continuing harsh weather.Between Oct. 10-17, the retail price of small-packed sugar averaged 7.68 yuan per kilogram in major cities, up 1.3 percent from the end of September, according to data provided by the MOC.It shows that prices have begun to stabilize, according to the MOC website. The ministry also vowed to strengthen market regulations.China auctioned 210,000 tonnes of sugar reserves on Oct. 22 in a bid to curb soaring prices, which have been blamed on this season's frequent extreme weather in China's major sugar-producing areas, as well as reduced supplies overseas.In southwest China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the country's major sugar-growing area, sugar prices hit a record 6,000 yuan per tonne (902.3 U.S. dollars) on Oct. 11.Further, sugar futures hit an eight-month high of 683.20 pounds per tonne in London on Oct. 15.Also, the MOC said government reserves remain abundant and pledged to improve market supplies and ensure the public's needs.Between October 2009 and September 2010, eight batches of reserve sugar, or a total of 1.71 million tonnes, were auctioned, according to the MOC.