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WASHINGTON, April 22 (Xinhua) -- The International Monetary Fund on Wednesday warned that the global economy was in "a severe recession" and the world output is projected to decline 1.3 percent this year, the deepest global recession since the Great Depression in 1930s.     "The global economy is in a severe recession inflicted by a massive financial crisis and acute loss of confidence," said the IMF in its latest World Economic Outlook report. "All corners of the globe are being affected." 　　EPICENTER OF CRISIS     According to the report, the world economy is projected to decline by 1.3 percent in 2009 as a whole and to recover only gradually in 2010, growing by 1.9 percent.     "Achieving this turnaround will depend on stepping up efforts to heal the financial sector, while continuing to support demand with monetary and fiscal easing," said the IMF.     The advanced economies experienced an unprecedented 7.5 percent decline in real GDP during the fourth quarter of 2008, and output is estimated to have continued to fall almost as fast during the first quarter of 2009, according to the report.     Although the U.S. economy may have suffered most from intensified financial strains and the continued fall in the housing sector, western Europe and advanced Asia have been hit hard by the collapse in global trade, as well as by rising financial problems of their own and housing corrections in some national markets.     Emerging economies are suffering badly and contracted 4 percent in the fourth quarter in the aggregate.     The United States, at the center of an intensifying global financial storm, will contract by 2.8 percent this year, said the IMF, adding that "the biggest financial crisis since the Great Depression has pushed the United States into a severe recession."     Meanwhile, the euro zone economy will shrink by 4.2 percent this year and fall a further 0.4 percent in 2010, the IMF said, criticizing the bloc for weak public policy responses and coordination.     In Japan, the IMF expects 2009 output to fall 6.2 percent, far worse than its January forecast for a 2.6 percent decline.     China is expected to slow to about 6.5 percent this year, half the 13 percent growth rate recorded pre-crisis in 2007 but still a strong performance given the global context, according to the IMF.     UNCERTAIN OUTLOOK     The IMF warned the financial crisis remains acute. "The financial market stabilization will take longer than previously envisaged, even with strong efforts by policymakers," it said.     Thus, financial strains in the mature markets are projected to remain heavy until well into 2010, and overall credit to the private sector in the advanced economies is expected to decline in both 2009 and 2010.     Meanwhile, emerging and developing economies are expected to face greatly curtailed access to external financing in both years.     In a semi-annual report Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR), which was released on Monday, the IMF said write-down on U.S.-originated assets to be suffered by all holders will be 2.7 trillion dollars, "largely as a result of the worsening base-case scenario for economic growth."     Total expected write-downs on global exposures are estimated at about 4 trillion dollars, of which two-thirds will fall on banks and the remainder on insurance companies, pension funds, hedge funds, and other intermediaries.     In the latest World Economic Outlook report, the IMF warned that the current outlook is exceptionally uncertain, with risks weighed to the downside.     The crisis has hurt international trade, with volume expected to plunge 11 percent this year before eking out 0.6 percent growth in 2010.     Consumer prices in developed countries were under pressure and would fall 0.2 percent in 2009.     "Even once the crisis is over, there will be a difficult transition period, with output growth appreciably below rates seen in the recent past," said the IMF.     BOLD POLICY     The IMF called for its members to take new bold policy stimulus to jump-start their economies.     "This difficult and uncertain outlook argues for forceful action on both the financial and macroeconomic policy fronts," said the IMF.     Past episodes of financial crisis have shown that delays in tackling the underlying problem mean an even more protracted economic downturn and even greater costs, both in terms of taxpayer money and economic activity.     "Policymakers must be mindful of the cross-border ramifications of policy choices," said the IMF. "Initiatives that support trade and financial partners will help support global demand, with shared benefits."     In advanced economies, scope for easing monetary policy further should be used aggressively to counter deflation risks.     Although policy rates are already near the zero floor in many countries, whatever policy room remains should be used quickly, according to the IMF.     Emerging economies also need to ease monetary conditions to respond to the deteriorating outlook.     However, in many of those economies, the task of central banks is further complicated by the need to sustain external stability in the face of highly fragile financing flows, the IMF warned.     The 185-member organization also warned against the rising protectionism.     "Greater international cooperation is needed to avoid exacerbating cross-border strains," said the IMF. "Coordination and collaboration is particularly important with respect to financial policies to avoid adverse international spillovers from national actions."     "A slide toward trade and financial protectionism would be hugely damaging to all, a clear warning from the experience of 1930s beggar-thy-neighbor policies," it warned.

HELSINKI, June 26 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang on Friday outlined guidelines for boosting Sino-Finnish relations in political, economic and social fields.     Politically, top leaders and senior officials of China and Finland should continue to frequently visit each other to improve the mechanism for bilateral cooperation, said Li while meeting with Finnish President Tarja Halonen. Economically, the two countries should make good use of their respective competitive advantages which compliment each other to deepen their pragmatic cooperation in business, environment, energy and other fields, he said.     Socially, China and Finland should promote exchanges in culture, education, health, tourism and other fields to build a stronger social base for their bilateral relations, he added. Finnish President Tarja Halonen (R Front) meets with Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (L Front) in Helsinki, June 25, 2009    Li also called for enhanced communications and consultations between the two countries in international affairs.     On China-EU relations, Li said that China has always been committed to developing a comprehensive strategic partnership with EU and Sino-EU relationship was of strategic importance in China's foreign policy.     Both China and EU should cherish the hard-earned good relationship between the two sides, make dialogue and cooperation as its cornerstone, base it on mutual respect and equality, and maintain the principle of seeking common ground while reserving differences.     Li said China appreciates the efforts Finland has made to promote the healthy development in China-EU relations and hopes Finland will continue to play a constructive role in enhancing the political mutual trust between China and EU and pushing for closer China-EU cooperation.     For her part, Halonen said that both Finland and China value their relationship, adding that communication and cooperation in political, economic, cultural, educational and social fields have been going on smoothly, which has a positive impact on bilateral relations.     Finland has attached great importance to its relations with China and is willing to be a positive force in shaping EU-China relationship, she told Li.     She also said that the Finnish government and companies would actively participate in the 2010 World Expo to be held in Shanghai, China.     The Finnish president extended an invitation through Li to her Chinese counterpart Hu Jintao for visiting Finland when the Chinese top leader feels convenient.     Li arrived in Helsinki on Thursday for a three-day official visit to the northern European nation.

VIENNA, May 16 (Xinhua) -- Chinese top legislator Wu Bangguo and Austrian Acting Chancellor Josef Proll met here on Saturday, with both sides agreeing to expand bilateral trade and economic cooperation in the fight against the ongoing world financial crisis.     Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC), said China's development has provided even greater room for expanding economic and technological cooperation with Austria. Wu Bangguo (L Front), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, meets with Austrian Acting Chancellor Josef Proll (R Front) in Vienna, capital of Austria, May 16, 2009Proll said the financial crisis had incurred a serious impact on Austria's economy. In the process of addressing the consequences of the financial crisis, the Austrian government places great importance on strengthening economic and technological relations with China.     China witnessed an economic growth of 6.1 percent in the first quarter of this year, while Austria's economy contracted 2.8 percent in the same period.     Noting that the two economies are highly complementary, Wu said China has a huge market and Austria has advanced technologies in many fields. He said China is ready to expand cooperation with Austria in such areas as energy efficiency, environment protection, water conservancy, eco-agriculture, auto parts and clean energy, so as to foster new growth spots of both economies.     Proll said Austria will actively transfer advanced technology to China in a bid to expand cooperative areas and carry out large-scale projects. He said that the two countries should turn their economic complementarity into real fruits of cooperation, so as to help the Austrian economy to rally and bring benefits to the people of both countries.     Wu said both sides should encourage their companies to seek new cooperative opportunities brought about by the governments' economic stimulus measures.     Wu noted that the Chinese government's policy package to counter the impact of the financial crisis has achieved initial results. China is now focusing on restructuring the economy and changing the pattern of growth in a bid to attain sustainable growth.     He said the governments of both countries should create favorable conditions for and facilitate the flow of travelers and cooperation between companies of the two countries.     Proll said that he agreed with Wu.     Wu also met on Saturday with Barbara Prammer, president of the Austrian National Council, or the lower chamber of the parliament. Wu Bangguo (L front), chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, meets with Austrian National Council President Barbara Prammer (R front) in Vienna, capital of Austria, May 15, 2009During his meeting with Prammer, Wu said Austria is an important cooperative partner of China in Europe. Prammer said Wu's visit reflects the closeness of relations between the two countries.     Reviewing the regular contact between the governments, parliaments, political parties and local governments of the two countries, Wu said greater political trust, rapidly growing trade and increasing cultural exchanges helped enhance popular mandate to the expansion of bilateral relations.     Prammer said as bilateral links and cooperation in various fields grow smoothly, more and more Austrian people are now willing to learn about China. She said the social basis and popular mandate for expanding Austria-China relations are growing, which will cast a bright future for bilateral cooperation.     Wu expressed appreciation that the new government and newly-elected parliament of Austria have given priority to developing relations with China. In order to lift bilateral links to a new level, Wu suggested that the two sides should maintain the current momentum of high-level contact and further deepen political trust.     Wu said the parliaments of the two countries should strengthen friendly relations by carrying out exchanges at all levels and in all forms. He welcomes more and more Austrian parliamentarians to visit China.     The top Chinese lawmaker suggested that the two countries should further expand trade, investment and economic cooperation by utilizing their specific advantages. Under the circumstances of the spreading world financial crisis, it is of greater significance to strengthen such cooperation, he said.     China welcomes Austrian companies to explore business opportunities in the country and participate in the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, said Wu.     He also suggested that the two sides should enhance cooperation in such areas as culture, tourism, local governance and education.     He said the two countries should also have even closer cooperation on international affairs. They should join hands to oppose any forms of trade protectionism and push for the establishment of a fair, just, inclusive and orderly financial system in the world.     Wu said both countries can make contribution to maintaining stability of the international financial market and promoting recovery of the world economy.     In response, Prammer said Austria places its relations with China on an important position in its foreign policy. She said Austria is ready to expand the flow of people traveling between the two countries so as to enhance mutual understanding and trust. She also expressed the willingness to further deepen bilateral links in such areas as local contact and cultural exchanges.     She said the parliament of Austria will have closer cooperation with the NPC to promote the development of Austria-China relations.     Wu is in Vienna for an official goodwill visit. He is the first NPC chairman to visit the country in 15 years. 

ROME, July 10 (Xinhua) -- China is set to become a global leader in the implementation of environmental-friendly policies and green technologies to tackle climate change, an Italian expert told Xinhua in a recent interview.     For Stefano Pogutz, an environmental management professor at Bocconi University in Milan, China's green-policies investment plans are greater than those carried-out in the United States and in many other industrialized countries.     "What China is doing to tackle global warming is impressive considering the density of Chinese population and the rapid economic growth model China is following," Pogutz said.     Climate change is at the core of the G8 summit held in L'Aquila from Wednesday to Friday. Talks had focused on the need to forge anew post-Kyoto agreement and to increase research and investments in the green economy.     The results of the G8 summit on climate change should pave the way to the United Nations meeting in Copenhagen in December, which aims at sealing a global deal to limit greenhouse gas emissions.     According to the UN climate change framework agreement and the Kyoto protocol, China is not subject to mandatory emission cuts ofCO2.     However, on its own China is already contributing to the fight against climate change through a series of initiatives aimed at curbing carbon emissions, such as lowering internal energy consumption levels and launching traffic and transportation monitoring schemes.     "I don't agree with those who believe that China is responsible for global pollution," Pogutz said. "China is doing a lot, there's a direct public intervention on measures aimed at fighting climate change. The Chinese government has increased investments in technologies and infrastructures to boost energetic efficiency and cut CO2 emissions."     Luca Labella, a China analyst with Rome's International Studies Center (Cesi), remembered the numerous local green projects implemented in China such as Shanghai's LPG buses and the rural towns' biomass-fueled.     "China is open to climate change issues and solutions. However, in China climate change is not considered under a political perspective but a scientific one, focused on progress and research," he added.     According to Pogutz, China is set to have a role of leadership in the use of renewable energies and other green technologies.     "Today China is one of the greatest producer of solar panels and in the near future it could lead in the export of alternative energy technologies."     But it's not only a matter of strategic investments in green technologies. China's contribution to the global fight against climate change largely depends as well on its human resources. "Almost all PhD students in the U.S. come from China," he added. 

BEIJING, July 4 (Xinhua) -- Former Chinese Vice Premier Zeng Peiyan on Saturday called for the whole world to work together to seek reforms in financial supervision, boost economic restructuring and build a green economy.     The present financial crisis has revealed deep-rooted structural imbalance within the traditional economy and developing pattern, and the world should focus on solving such issues in the post-crisis era, he told Xinhua during an exclusive interview at the Global Think Tank Summit.     The international community should jointly improve the global financial supervision system with generally-accepted regulatory standards to monitor and intervene on possible systematic risks as early as possible, Zeng said.     The international currency system should be reformed into a steady, foreseeable and diversified one, and it is necessary to set supervision on the financial stability of nations of major reserve currencies, he told Xinhua.     It would take a long time to carry out the global economic restructuring and solve the imbalances between consumption and savings, he said, adding that such a move needs efforts from both developed countries and developing ones.     Zeng called on developed countries to help developing countries by improving their external environment for economic development, as developing countries have already become the biggest victims of the present crisis.     Zeng also called for more international cooperation in building a green economy, as developing countries need technical and financial support from developed countries to avoid wasting resources and destroying the environment while seeking economic revival.     The summit, which concluded on Saturday, is organized by the China Center for International Economic Exchanges (CCIEE), a non-governmental research and consulting organization created this March, with Zeng as its director.     The three-day summit had attracted over 900 scholars, experts and business leaders from all over the world, including former President of the European Commission Romano Prodi and former Secretary of State of the United States Henry Kissinger

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