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As the polar ice caps retreat, polar bears could struggle to survive by the end of this century, a number of university researchers wrote in a study published in the Nature Climate Change journal.The study looked at a number of sub-species of polar bears who live in the arctic and how they have adapted to reduced sea ice from 1979 to 2016. The group of researchers said that all but a few sub-species of polar bears will be able to reproduce and survive given projected conditions by 2100.Polar bears use sea ice to capture seals for food. When sea ice erodes for the summer, polar bears fast. Although polar bears are capable of fasting for months, there are limits to how long the bears can go without food.The researchers examined energy needs of polar bears, and that the amount of time polar bears would fast would lengthen to a point that makes it too challenging to survive and reproduce.While resting female polar bears can generally fast for longer periods of time, reproducing females, males and cubs all require shorter fasting periods, the research found.“Avoiding continued sea-ice decline requires aggressively mitigating greenhouse gas rise,” the researchers wrote, “and our results explicitly describe the costs to polar bears of avoiding that mitigation.”To illustrate how much sea ice is being lost, NOAA is projecting that the arctic could have ice-free summers by 2042.Scientists have long discussed the possibility that polar bears could become nearly extinct by the end of the century. Beyond reducing carbon emissions, proposals have included relocating cubs to areas of the Arctic expected to retain higher levels of sea ice have been proposed. To read the full study, click here. 1714

Back to school time usually means it's time for a new backpack.Nowadays there are tons of choices in how kids can lug around their belongings. Rolling backpacks, shoulder sling options, or the traditional two-strap pack. But which one is right for them?Will it support their back? Stay together through the school year? Does it look good? These are some of the questions parents grapple with in the middle of shopping aisles.A study by UC San Diego researchers found that children commonly carry about 10 to 20 percent of their body weight in backpacks, which is also the limit recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics.UCSD researchers tested the correlation between backpack weight and a child's back pain. They tested a group of 8 children and measured spinal pressure at three different amounts of backpack weight meant to mimic 10, 20, and 30 percent of their weight.They found that as the weight of the backpack load increases, back pain in children increases and spinal disc height shrinks as lumbar asymmetry grows.Which brings us back to the original question: How do you make sure a backpack is right for a child? A graphic from the folks at RetailMeNot have outlined how a backpack should rest on a child:Safety strapsBackpack straps are more important than kids think. Shoulder straps should be wide and padded to help distribute the pack's weight evenly, according to the website Healthy Children. Abdominal straps also help distribute weight across the waist, hips, and back.It's also recommended not to wear backpacks on only one shoulder, which shifts all that weight and leads to neck and back pain.Wearing it rightThe top of a backpack should sit one to two inches below the top of the shoulders. Also, the pack should not sit more than four inches below the waistline.The bottom of the backpack should align with the curve of the lower back.Preventing injury on the goWhile at school, its important for kids to be careful while lugging around their backpack. If possible, students should stop by their lockers often to unload any unneeded gear from their backpack. If bending down, kids should use both of their knees while wearing a backpack and not bend at the waist.Learning back-strengthening exercises can also help build up muscles primarily used while carrying weight.Consult a pediatrician if necessaryTalking with your child's doctor about back health is vital. Speak with your child as well about being vocal about back discomfort. And for parents, don't ignore complaints about back pain.If may also be worth speaking with school administrators about lightening the load of work carried around or buying separate textbooks to keep at home. 2740

As the opioid crisis continues to damage communities across the country, new mapping technology is helping family members of victims cope by allowing them to crowdsource an interactive memorial.The "Celebrating Lost Loved Ones" map, created a couple of months ago, now marks the lives of thousands people lost to opioids. The map was created by engineer Jeremiah Lindemann and allows users to add photos and short stories of loved ones who have passed away, including the place of their passing.The goal of the map is to create a place to honor and respect overdose victims across the United States."(We want a map) that emphasizes the human toll behind the opioid crisis with a visual record of the victims it is leaving behind," Lindemann said. 764

ATLANTA (AP) — The shooting death of an 8-year-old girl has prompted a ,000 reward for information as authorities in Atlanta search for at least two people who opened fire on the car she was riding in. Police identified the girl as Secoriea Turner, and say she was in a car whose driver tried to get through an illegal barricade placed near Wendy's restaurant where Rayshard Brooks was killed by a white police officer on June 12. In a news conference on Sunday, Atlanta Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms said "enough is enough" and asked for the public's help in identifying the shooter. 592

At least 18 people were killed -- most of them teenagers -- and about 50 more injured following an attack in Russian-annexed Crimea, according to Russia.Russia's National Anti-Terrorism Committee told CNN in a statement that a blast was caused by an "unidentified explosive device" at a college in the city of Kerch -- where a new 19-kilometer bridge links Crimea to Russia.Russia's Investigative Committee said in a statement: "According to preliminary data, an unidentified explosive device packed with metal objects went off today in the dining room of the Kerch Polytechnic College."It said information on the victims is being clarified and that "most of them are teenagers."Sergey Aksyonov, the head of the Crimean government, said the suspected perpetrator of the attack had taken his own life, according to remarks carried on Russian state television. 866

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