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Being home more during the pandemic, and with less traffic on the roads from stay-at-home orders, many people have heard more bird calls and the sounds of nature in urban areas. Scientists now say at least one bird species has been able to adjust their bird song because of the lack of human noise to compete with.Researchers have been studying the white-crowned sparrows in and around San Francisco for more than two decades. They compare their songs in recent years with recordings made in the 1970s.They found as traffic levels increased over the decades, the lowest frequencies of the sparrows’ song rose. This allowed their song to be heard above the low hum of vehicles. The top frequencies remained the same, so the total frequency bandwidth of their communication was narrowed.Degrading their songs this way, and limiting their range, makes them less effective at deterring rivals, attracting mates, or hearing their own chicks, according to researchers. In noisy environments, birds have to sing louder, which research has shown can result in stress and can speed up a bird’s aging and disrupt their metabolisms.When stay-at-home orders and coronavirus pandemic safety measures were put in place in March, the lead researcher, Elizabeth Derryberry, remembers seeing an image of the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco completely empty of cars or humans. She wondered how the sparrows were responding.They compared audio recordings of the bird songs from spring 2015 and 2016, to those taken this spring. The recordings were made in a variety of urban and rural locations around the greater San Francisco area.“We found that birds sung at lower minimum frequencies, achieving greater bandwidth songs in newly open acoustic space. An increase in frequency bandwidth results in the transmission of more information and greater vocal performance,” the study states.The samples taken in 2020 revealed the white-crowned sparrows had changed their tune, so-to-speak, and were singing softer and using a wider range of frequencies. They also were able to communicate twice as far as previous recordings.“This doubling in communication distance could elevate fitness by reducing territorial conflicts and increasing mating potential,” researchers stated.Researchers also say this explains why more people report hearing birds during the pandemic. Since the songs are traveling farther distances, humans are able to hear more of them.They also say the changes in the birds’ songs were more pronounced in urban areas compared to the rural location samples. This would make sense, they say, because the traffic noise did not change as drastically in the rural locations during the pandemic.“Our findings indicate that songbirds like white-crowned sparrows have a striking capacity to exploit newly empty soundscapes following acute but ephemeral amelioration of noise pollution, suggesting that lasting remediation might engender even more promising outcomes, such as demographic recovery and higher species diversity in urban areas,” they concluded. 3055

BOSTON (AP) — A California real estate developer was sentenced Friday to one month in prison for paying ,000 to cheat on his daughter's college entrance exam.Robert Flaxman, 63, of Los Angeles, was sentenced in Boston's federal court after pleading guilty in May to a single count of fraud and conspiracy. He is the 10th parent to be sentenced in a widespread college bribery scheme.Authorities say Flaxman paid ,000 to have a test proctor feed his daughter answers on her ACT exam in 2016. She scored a 28 out of 36 on the test, placing her in the 89th percentile and improving 4 points over her previous score on the exam.RELATED: Father linked to University of San Diego pleads guilty in college admissions scandalFlaxman's daughter used the score to apply to several schools, including the University of San Diego, and ultimately enrolled at one of them, prosecutors said. They did not identify where she goes to college but said the school suspended her for a semester when the scheme was uncovered.In earlier court documents, the FBI also accused Flaxman of paying an admissions consultant 0,000 to fabricate application documents that were used to get his son into USD. Those allegations were not pursued, however, and they weren't included in Flaxman's plea agreement with prosecutors.Flaxman's lawyers say he agreed to the testing scheme because his daughter's test scores were too low to get into college. He wasn't trying to get her into an elite or exclusive school, they said, and he wasn't chasing social status "ego gratification."RELATED: Felicity Huffman turns herself in, begins 14-day jail sentenceProsecutors said he deserved prison time, nonetheless, because his daughter ended up getting involved in the scheme, and because Flaxman sought a tax deduction for the ,000 bribe, which was funneled through a sham charity.Flaxman is the owner and CEO of Crown Realty & Development Inc., a real estate firm that operates and develops commercial property in California, Arizona, North Carolina and elsewhere. Its website says it manages nearly billion in property.More than 50 people have been charged in the scheme, which involves wealthy and famous parents accused of paying bribes to rig their children's test scores or to get them admitted to elite universities as recruited athletes.RELATED: Cost of college: What parents and students can expect to pay for admissionA total of 15 parents have pleaded guilty, while 19 are contesting the charges. Trials are expected to begin in 2020. 2530

BROWN COUNTY, Ind. -- A Brown County woman has been charged with threatening a child welfare worker with a sword. Dixie Floyd Dorantes, 36, faces two felonies and several misdemeanor charges after waving a large sword at a DCS worker on May 3, police say. Police in Nashville, Indiana say a DCS worker had taken Dorantes' child because she had repeatedly failed to pick up the child at the Brown County YMCA. Court documents show Dorantes waved a "viking style sword" at the DCS worker after they showed up to pick up items for the child. Police say Dorantes was also involved in two car crashes as she tried to find the worker. Dorantes faces the following charges: 709

Black Friday has already been changing over the last few years with online shopping getting more popular and people getting tired of fighting the crowds, but stores are now further reinventing the shopping holiday because of the pandemic.Home Depot came out this week saying for the first time that it's offering Black Friday deals starting in early November that will last through December, in-store and online.Best Buy, Target and Amazon are some of the other companies saying they'll be offering holiday deals earlier than before. Target is saying you can get deals starting in October and Amazon will reportedly start offering deals then too.“This is where consumers have to be smart and consumers have to themselves do the research and go, ‘is this really a deal or is this what they were running last week and this week they're saying it's a Black Friday sale?’” said Jane Boyd Thomas, a marketing professor at Winthrop University.Boyd Thomas has been researching Black Friday for years. She says a very small percentage of people will still want to go shopping on the day after Thanksgiving, because it's a ritual.She expects we'll see some supply chain issues for the holidays like we saw early in the pandemic.“So, I would say to consumers, if there's something your child wants or you want, and it's on sale, that you probably should get it then, because the guarantees about waiting for later for a better deal may or may not come and the supply may not be there,” said Boyd Thomas.She expects we could see most of the issues with electronics and anything being imported. 1590

Beginning in 2024, there will be new standards for nominees of the coveted Best Picture Academy Award. The changes are meant to encourage equitable representation and “better reflect the diversity of the movie-going audience,” according to the Academy.In order for a film to qualify to be a Best Picture nominee, they must meet two of four new representation and inclusion standards. It’s part of Academy Aperture 2025, an initiative by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences that sets specific inclusion goals for the organization and the films it recognizes.Movies wishing to be considered for Best Picture in 2022 and 2023 will need to submit a form attesting to their inclusion and representation practices, however meeting the specific Academy standards will not be required until the 96th Oscars in 2024.The standards include having at least 30 percent of all actors on-screen from at least two underrepresented groups, having a storyline or theme that centers on underrepresented group(s); as well as efforts behind the camera like having representation from underrepresented groups in creative leadership and department head positions, overall crew composition, and paid internship and apprenticeship opportunities for underrepresented groups.“The aperture must widen to reflect our diverse global population in both the creation of motion pictures and in the audiences who connect with them,” said Academy President David Rubin and Academy CEO Dawn Hudson. “We believe these inclusion standards will be a catalyst for long-lasting, essential change in our industry.”Another change fans will notice in 2021, the Best Picture category will be limited to ten nominees, rather than a fluctuating number year-to-year.Here is the full list of standards from the Academy. Movies wishing to be considered for Best Picture in the 2024 Oscars will have to meet two of these four requirements.STANDARD A: ON-SCREEN REPRESENTATION, THEMES AND NARRATIVESTo achieve Standard A, the film must meet ONE of the following criteria:A1. Lead or significant supporting actorsAt least one of the lead actors or significant supporting actors is from an underrepresented racial or ethnic group.? Asian? Hispanic/Latinx? Black/African American? Indigenous/Native American/Alaskan Native? Middle Eastern/North African? Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander? Other underrepresented race or ethnicityA2. General ensemble castAt least 30% of all actors in secondary and more minor roles are from at least two of the following underrepresented groups:? Women? Racial or ethnic group? LGBTQ+? People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearingA3. Main storyline/subject matterThe main storyline(s), theme or narrative of the film is centered on an underrepresented group(s).? Women? Racial or ethnic group? LGBTQ+? People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearingSTANDARD B: CREATIVE LEADERSHIP AND PROJECT TEAMTo achieve Standard B, the film must meet ONE of the criteria below:B1. Creative leadership and department headsAt least two of the following creative leadership positions and department heads—Casting Director, Cinematographer, Composer, Costume Designer, Director, Editor, Hairstylist, Makeup Artist, Producer, Production Designer, Set Decorator, Sound, VFX Supervisor, Writer—are from the following underrepresented groups:? Women? Racial or ethnic group? LGBTQ+? People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearingAt least one of those positions must belong to the following underrepresented racial or ethnic group:? Asian? Hispanic/Latinx? Black/African American? Indigenous/Native American/Alaskan Native? Middle Eastern/North African? Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander? Other underrepresented race or ethnicityB2. Other key rolesAt least six other crew/team and technical positions (excluding Production Assistants) are from an underrepresented racial or ethnic group. These positions include but are not limited to First AD, Gaffer, Script Supervisor, etc.B3. Overall crew compositionAt least 30% of the film’s crew is from the following underrepresented groups:? Women? Racial or ethnic group? LGBTQ+? People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearingSTANDARD C: INDUSTRY ACCESS AND OPPORTUNITIESTo achieve Standard C, the film must meet BOTH criteria below:C1. Paid apprenticeship and internship opportunitiesThe film’s distribution or financing company has paid apprenticeships or internships that are from the following underrepresented groups and satisfy the criteria below:? Women? Racial or ethnic group? LGBTQ+? People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearingThe major studios/distributors are required to have substantive, ongoing paid apprenticeships/internships inclusive of underrepresented groups (must also include racial or ethnic groups) in most of the following departments: production/development, physical production, post-production, music, VFX, acquisitions, business affairs, distribution, marketing and publicity.The mini-major or independent studios/distributors must have a minimum of two apprentices/interns from the above underrepresented groups (at least one from an underrepresented racial or ethnic group) in at least one of the following departments: production/development, physical production, post-production, music, VFX, acquisitions, business affairs, distribution, marketing and publicity.C2. Training opportunities and skills development (crew)The film’s production, distribution and/or financing company offers training and/or work opportunities for below-the-line skill development to people from the following underrepresented groups:? Women? Racial or ethnic group? LGBTQ+? People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearingSTANDARD D: AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENTTo achieve Standard D, the film must meet the criterion below:D1. Representation in marketing, publicity, and distributionThe studio and/or film company has multiple in-house senior executives from among the following underrepresented groups (must include individuals from underrepresented racial or ethnic groups) on their marketing, publicity, and/or distribution teams.? Women? Racial or ethnic groupAsianHispanic/LatinxBlack/African AmericanIndigenous/Native American/Alaskan NativeMiddle Eastern/North AfricanNative Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander?Other underrepresented race or ethnicity? LGBTQ+? People with cognitive or physical disabilities, or who are deaf or hard of hearingAll categories other than Best Picture will be held to their current eligibility requirements. Films in the specialty feature categories (Animated Feature Film, Documentary Feature, International Feature Film) submitted for Best Picture/General Entry consideration will be addressed separately. 6902

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