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BEIJING, June 23 (Xinhua) -- State President and Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee General Secretary Hu Jintao urged all Chinese people Tuesday to remember and study the morals and demeandour of former state president Li Xiannian (1909-1992).     Li won respect and love from the CPC, People's Liberation Army and people for his contribution to China's independence and the Chinese people's emancipation, China's socialist revolution, construction, reform and opening-up drive, and the building of the country into a modernized socialist nation that is prosperous, powerful, democratic and civilized, Hu said at a memorial meeting to mark Li's 100th birthday. Chinese President and Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee General Secretary Hu Jintao speaks at a memorial meeting to mark the 100th birthday of former state president Li Xiannian (1909-1992), in Beijing, China, June 23, 2009.Hu called Li a "great proletarian revolutionary, statesman, strategist and a staunch Marxist and outstanding Party and State leader."     Other state and CPC leaders attending the memorial service included Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Jia Qinglin, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, and Zhou Yongkang. Jia presided over the gathering.     Hu spoke highly of Li's prominent role in different periods of the CPC-led Chinese revolution, including the armed revolution of the 1920s-40s, the early development of New China in the 1950s-70s,and the epochal reform and opening-up drive launched in the late 1970s.     Li was born into a poor peasant family on June 23, 1909, in Huang'an, Hubei Province, central China. He took part in the CPC-led Peasants' Movement and joined the Party in the 1920s.     In 1927, Li led a group of peasants to join in the Huangma Uprising. Later, he became a member of the CPC-led Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and played an important role in strategic battles and maneuvers of the Red Army.     During the Long March, Li supported Zhu De and other senior leaders in resolute struggle against the splittist activities of Zhang Guotao.     In China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1937-45) and the Liberation War (1946-49) against the Kuomintang Regime, Li became a ranking officer in the CPC-led armed forces and fought a large number of major battles and established several revolutionary bases.     After 1949, the year the People's Republic of China was founded, Li served as vice premier for 26 years and played a big role in managing the economy. He was wrongly criticized and persecuted during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976).     Starting in the late 1970s, as a core member of the second-generation of CPC leadership headed by Deng Xiaoping, Li assisted Deng in ushering in and carrying on the reform and opening-up drive.     In his final years in service, Li held top-level Party and state roles, including vice chairman of the CPC Central Committee, a Standing Committee member of the Political bureau of the CPC Central Committee, state president, and chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

BEIJING, June 24 (Xinhua) -- China's State Council reached a decision at an executive meeting on Wednesday to promote a new type rural social pension pilot projects.     The meeting, presided over by Premier Wen Jiabao, said building a new rural social pension system was key to reducing rural poverty and narrowing the gaps between urban and rural areas. It was also key to maintaining social stability and promoting domestic consumption.     According to the meeting, the new-type rural social pension pilot programs will be carried out in 10 percent of counties this year. Rural residents above the age of 16 are all eligible to join the program.     The meeting also ordered local governments to strengthen supervision of pension funds.

BEIJING, May 3 (Xinhua) -- Decoupling from the world, and the economic downturn much of it is experiencing, has proven impossible for China. But its resilience is receiving more recognition, with many leading financial institutions upgrading their 2009 growth forecasts since mid-April.     The adjustments for gross domestic product (GDP) growth, ranging from 0.5 to 2.3 percentage points, were based on signs of a turnaround in the first quarter. These indicators included stronger-than-expected real GDP growth, recovering property investment, a pick-up in power consumption and a surge in bank lending.     Merrill Lynch & Co. said it expected China's GDP to grow 7.2 percent in the second quarter and 8 percent this year, while Goldman Sachs raised its projection from 6 percent to 8.3 percent, the most optimistic forecast so far. Other forecasts include UBS, which raised its estimate by 0.5 point to 7 percent and CLSA Asia-Pacific, which lifted its outlook by 1.5 point to 7 percent.     China's policymakers can take heart from these forecasts. Every upward revision, big or small, given the global economic slowdown, might point to a better chance for the nation to achieve its 8-percent growth target. That level of growth is considered necessary to raise living standards while maintaining social stability.     But there's still the question of whether rapid growth is sustainable. Some analysts believe it isn't unless China can rebalance its economy and achieve higher efficiency, lower environmental costs and a more reasonable balance among investment, trade and consumption.     QUANTITY OR QUALITY?     In an interview with Xinhua, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, urged Chinese authorities to get more serious about stimulating private consumption because the global economy remains "pretty weak" and might only achieve a weak recovery.     "China has responded to the crisis the way it has always responded to global problems. That is, using proactive fiscal stimulus mainly in the infrastructure area to provide temporary support in the downturn until the global economy comes back. It worked in the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2000-2001 mild recession. But this is a different sort of problem," said Roach.     "Once the stimulus wears off and if there is no follow-through, the Chinese economy will weaken again. I don't think exports will recover in the weak global economy."     Domestic economists voice similar worries, saying that the speed of growth doesn't matter as much as the quality. Liu Shangxi, deputy dean of the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance, said that the 6.1-percent year-on-year growth in the first quarter had been "fairly good" for China. But, he said, "sometimes, it's worth slowing down a bit to have the economy move more stably."     Wang Xiaoguang, an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the chief planning agency. said that the government's annual growth target had become mostly symbolic.     For five years in a row, the target was 8 percent, and for five years in a row, the growth rate overshot the target. Wang said the government had faced a dilemma: a cut in the target might undermine public confidence while a rise might tempt local governments to over-invest to meet a high growth target.     The turnaround signs mostly reflected the impact of the 4-trillion-yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package. Meanwhile, retail sales still trailed investment in contributing to growth. Local economists warned that the economy remained unbalanced and vulnerable.     "Historical records show that adjustments in the Chinese economy would take two to three years, on average. Seven months have passed since the impact of the global financial crisis began to tell on the local economy.     "With a turnaround in sight, recovery might come earlier than expected but there are still risks of a further slowdown," Chen Dongqi, deputy chief of the Macro-Economic Research Institute under the NDRC, told a business development forum in Guangdong in late April.     BUYING CURE     It's widely accepted among economists that China should boost domestic private consumption by leading individuals to buy more and save less. The key question is: how?     "Two big programs" Roach advocates call for doubling the investment in social security immediately to 150 billion U.S. dollars and establishing a goal of raising consumption as a share of the economy from 36 percent to 50 percent within five years.     "What I think is missing here is the social safety net, social security pension and unemployment insurance. Because of the absence of the safety net, China has seen a high level of precautionary saving," he said.     Roach suggested that China develop a private pension system in particular so total employee compensation could rise in tandem with productivity. "Chinese companies need to partner with their workers and provide medical care [and] retirement investing for their workforce. Chinese workers' total pay package should have both wages and benefits," he said.     Liu agreed that the primary task in expanding consumption was to raise incomes. "Securing the legitimate interests of workers is particularly significant when the economy slumps. It would be like drinking poison to quench one's thirst if businesses sought to expand corporate earnings at the cost of workers' pay and benefits," he said.     Low labor costs and massive capacity have propped up China's prosperity over the past decades. But the proportion of wages to national income has been on a long decline since the 1990s.     Between 2002 and 2006 alone, economists estimate the figure dropped from 62.1 percent to 57.1 percent. Meanwhile, the contribution of consumption to GDP growth fell from 43.6 percent to 38.9 percent.     "A more meaningful index to judge the sustainability of China's economic growth would be the proportion of wages to national income," Liu said. "If this ratio did not rise, people would remain poor, and thus expanding consumption would be empty talk."     Chinese are far from wealthy. Only 4 percent of the workforce, and just 10 percent of the urban workforce, earn more than 2,000 yuan a month, the threshold for individual income tax.     As Chinese residents hold 2.43 trillion yuan in aggregate deposits, economists say one immediate way to boost consumption would be to stabilize spending on staple property -- including housing and automobiles -- and support tourism and cultural activities.     "People spend much of their money on housing and food. The government should encourage people to entertain themselves more," Wang said.     CHINA 'NO LOCOMOTIVE'     Although China might be the first major economy to recover from the downturn, economists disagree on when China will return to sustained high growth.     Morgan Stanley, for example, has forecast a firm recovery by mid-year, but said sustainable growth through 2010 would still hinge on what happens in other countries.     "China will be stronger. But will that strength be enough to allow others to follow in its footsteps? I don't think so," said Roach.     "Most of China's resilience comes from infrastructure building, roads, property consumption ... [this] won't have an impact on the United States and Europe. This resilience is only temporary while its stimulus is local rather than global."     Central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan also warned in late April during World Bank-IMF meetings in Washington that the rebound in China's economy had to be consolidated. He said conditions in China would permit rapid economic development again, once macroeconomic policies such as the stimulus plan took effect.     Challenging internal and external conditions, he said, included continuously shrinking external demand, a relatively large decline in exports, overcapacity in some industries, falling government revenue and lingering employment pressure.     As China emerges from the shadow of the downturn, together with many of its Western partners, the world is closely watching the socialist market economy that it is still trying to develop.     It was interesting to see that there was much "the ideologically-constrained West" could learn from China, just as there was much China could learn from the West, said Roach.     "China has gone slow in many areas, especially in the opening up of its financial market. But China made the right choice," he said.     "Focusing on stability is a huge plus for China. But the nation must be vigilant in its financial policies, especially monetary and regulatory policies, and not allow asset bubbles and financial innovations it doesn't understand," said Roach.

SHENYANG, May 5 (Xinhua) -- A member of the Japanese parliament(Diet) Tuesday handed over an apology letter signed by 24 Japanese MPs to survivors of Pingdingshan Massacre, in which more than 3,000 Chinese civilians were slaughtered by Japanese soldiers in 1932.     Aihara Kumiko, member of the House of Councillors, or the upper house, repeatedly said "sorry" to massacre survivor Wang Zhimei while holding Wang's hands.     "My mother had lived in Jinan (a city in east China) for five years and got help from local people. She often told me that war changes people, war is a sin," Aihara told the 88-year-old Wang.     "We should take history as a mirror and building a friendly relationship between Japan and China," Aihara said.     She came all the way from Tokyo to Fushun, a city in northwest China's Liaoning Province, to present the apology letter signed by10 members of the lower house and 14 of the upper house of the Japanese parliament to the survivors of the tragedy.     Part of the letter reads "As a human being, as a Diet member elected by Japanese citizens, we are sorry from the depth of our hearts."     The Pingdingshan massacre saw more than 3,000 women, children and elderly of Pingdingshan Village near Fushun killed by invading Japanese soldiers on September 16, 1932.     "The Japanese soldiers told us they were going to take our picture and gathered us in a group. But under the black cloth they didn't have cameras, they had machine guns. The soldiers even bayoneted bodies to ensure the villagers were dead," recalled a survivor named Yang Yufen in 2006, after the survivors' 10-year-long lawsuit for an apology and compensation was rejected by the Japanese Supreme Court.     Aihara also visited the memorial of the massacre. Silent tears ran along her cheeks, her hands joined and eyebrows wrinkled during the visit.     Her face was covered by tears when she saw gasoline cans used in burning the corpses after the massacre.     "We will push the Japanese government to offer an apology and compensation for the massacre," she said.     Aihara said some Diet members have collect donations and are going to send some money to foster a patch of woods near the massacre memorial. "We hope the trees witness friendship between the two countries," she said.     Aihara and the Chinese side planted two pines in front of the memorial.     Along with Aihara, four Japanese lawyers who have been trying to help massacre survivors were also present at the hand-over of the apology letter.     Shiroh Kawakami, one of the lawyers, told Xinhua that they would continue to demand the Japanese government building an apology monument and cemetery for victims of the massacre.     "What we do is not only for the history, for also for the future, the future of both countries," Shiroh said.     It's estimated that 20 to 30 villagers survived the massacre, but now only five of them are still alive, all in late 80s. Wang Zhimei came to Fushun from Changchun City in Jilin Province just to meet the Japanese lawmaker and lawyers.     "I want to thank you for what you have done. The days of us survivors are numbered, we are counting on you (on the government apology and compensation)," Wang said.

来源：资阳报