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LOS ANGELES, April 17 (Xinhua) -- Global warming will melt all the ice in the Arctic Ocean every summer, raising earth temperatures even further, researchers at the University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) warned.The findings, available online Sunday in the April issue of Earth and Planetary Science Letters, a leading journal in geoscience, were based on analysis of the fossilized remains of four-million-year-old mollusks, they said.Two novel geochemical techniques used to determine the temperature at which the mollusk shells were formed suggest that summertime Arctic temperatures during the early Pliocene epoch (3.5 million to 4 million years ago) may have been a staggering 18 to 28 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than today, the researchers said.And these ancient fossils, harvested from deep within the Arctic Circle, may have once lived in an environment in which the polar ice cap melted completely during the summer months, according to the researchers.Such balmy polar weather would certainly melt all the ice in the Arctic Ocean every summer, said Aradhna Tripani, an assistant professor at the UCLA's departments of Earth and space sciences."Our data from the early Pliocene, when carbon dioxide levels remained close to modern levels for thousands of years, may indicate how warm the planet will eventually become if carbon dioxide levels are stabilized at the current value of 400 parts per million," she said.The earth's temperature was raised five to nine degrees Fahrenheit merely by the absence of year-round Arctic ice, according to Tripani.The results of the study lend support to assertions made by climate modelers that summertime sea ice may be eliminated in the next 50 to 100 years, which would have far-reaching consequences for Earth's climate, she said."The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change identifies the early Pliocene as the best geological analog for climate change in the 21st century and beyond," said Tripati. "The climate-modeling community hopes to use the early Pliocene as a benchmark for testing models used for forecasting future climate change."

HOUSTON, April 15 (Xinhua) -- A major contractor for the U.S. space shuttle on Friday announced plans to lay off about 50 percent of its employees this summer after NASA retires the orbiter fleet.The contractor, Houston-based United Space Alliance, said it will cut 2,600 to 2,800 jobs, including 1,850 to 1,950 employees in Florida, 750 to 800 employees in Texas, and 30 to 40 employees in Alabama, "due to the completion of tasks related to day-to-day operations of the Shuttle fleet."The cuts will be made in late July and early August after NASA completes the final flight of Endeavour, scheduled for April 29, and the flight of Atlantis on June 28."The accomplishments of this team are unmatched in human spaceflight," Virginia Barnes, the company's president, said in a news release. "It will be difficult to say goodbye to such tremendously talented and dedicated teammates, and we are committed to making this transition as smooth as possible for them."United Space Alliance has approximately 5,600 employees working at sites in Texas, Florida and Alabama, according to the the news release.

BEIJING, Feb. 12 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government has reiterated a strict ban on hepatitis B tests during pre-employment physical examinations as many companies reportedly violated rules to require hepatitis B tests for job applicants.In a statement released Saturday, the Ministry of Health said that no health institutions are allowed to provide hepatitis B checks as part of pre-employment physical tests regardless of whether the examinees provide consent or not.On Feb. 10, 2010, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security jointly issued a circular demanding the cancellation of the hepatitis B tests during the health checks for school enrollment and employment nationwide.However, according to a survey released this week, which was conducted by the non-profit Beijing Yirenping Center, some 61.1 percent of the 180 state-run companies surveyed included hepatitis B checks in their pre-employment physical examinations.More surprisingly, 63 companies said that they would never consider hepatitis B carriers for a job or were reluctant to hire such people.Yu Fangqiang, the principal of the Yirenping Center, said that such violations mainly resulted from light punishment for violations and some health institutions' desire for profits.According to the survey, employers would only be fined between thousands to tens of thousands of yuan if they lose their lawsuits for bias against hepatitis B carriers.Meanwhile, a worker will spend a lot of time, energy and money to file a lawsuit and collect evidence in order to win.Liu Xiaonan, an associate professor with the China University of Political Science and Law, called on the government to hammer out a particular law and set up a special committee to investigate discrimination cases in order to ensure the rights of workers.In the statement released Saturday, the health ministry also ordered a careful investigation of all cases of hepatitis B discrimination, and promised that violators would be exposed and punished in accordance with laws and regulations.Medical tests show that hepatitis B virus can only be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth or by contact with the blood or other body fluids of an infected person.

BEIJING, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- Three years ago when Jason Shen stood on the Times Square for the first time, he didn't expect that a video clip he produced could be shown at the "Crossroads of the World"."In the eyes of an advertisement specialist, Times Square is a dream, where the biggest screen was as tall as a four-storey building and every day about 70,000 passengers could see the ads," said the chief executive officer of Shanghai Lowe & Partners advertising company.The company won the bidding of producing China's national publicity video in November 2009."Our biggest challenge was how to show a real China within just 60 seconds," he recalled.After brainstorming, his team agreed that the main theme should be human beings."The persons appearing in the video clip were like messengers to convey China's friendliness to the world," he said.The video was a step China takes in its foreign relations efforts, and a chance for Shen individually to fulfill a dream.Working as the chief executive producer, Shen gave some details in the filming of the video."Famous actress Zhang Ziyi was a very amiable person," he said. "She was very cooperative and the dress she wore was decided by arranged by our team."John Woo was excited hearing about the plan to make such a national publicity video work. "He told me that it was like reviewing the excitement when hearing China won the bidding of the 2008 Beijing Olympics."Deng Yaping, the four-time Olympic table tennis champion, was not sure how to pose in front of the camera."I told her that she just need to smile like when Ex-Olympic Chief Juan Antonio Samaranch put the gold medal around her neck," Shen said.All celebrities agreed to appear in the video free-of-charge.The smiling faces at the end of the 60-second video were gathered at the Shanghai World Expo, when it was hot and the temperature reached 40 degrees Celsius.But Shen and his team were left with some pity. "It was not easy to have six astronauts including Yang Liwei in the filming. But we could have made the video more lively by asking them to change more poses," he said.After the video was aired, Shen was sometimes questioned if the 59 persons in the short video could represent the entire of China."A good advertisement should give audiences strong visual impact and be enlightening," he said. "I believe that the celebrities and ordinary people from all walks of life could represent a mild and elegant image of China."The 60-second national publicity video is shown 15 times every hour on the Times Square from January 17 to February 14. It is expected to be aired on CNN from January 17 to February 13.A 15-minute documentary produced by the team, which is to be used at important events of Chinese embassies, was also finished. It will show the beautiful scenery of China.

来源：资阳报