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In regions of the United States and Mexico that are prone to hurricanes, aggressive spiders are evolving to survive and ride out the storm.When hurricanes rage along the Gulf of Mexico or charge up the East Coast, they can reshape an entire habitat in a short time. The winds destroy trees and spread debris for miles, putting new pressure on the creatures living in these environments.But how do creatures adapt when their habitats are so disturbed? Researchers looked at Anelosimus studiosus spiders that live in storm-prone areas along the coast to see how they changed. Their study was published Monday in the journal Nature Ecology and Evolution.These weather systems are called "black swan events": a surprising event with a major impact that is explained with the benefit of hindsight. They don't offer much lead time, so the researchers had to scramble to study the spider colonies before and after projected storms.The team monitored Subtropical Storm Alberto and Hurricanes Florence and Michael during the 2018 hurricane season. They tried to anticipate the systems' trajectories and study areas that included 240 female spider colonies, comparing them with areas where spider colonies were unaffected by such storms.The researchers returned to the sites hit by the storms 48 hours later. About 75% of the colonies survived the initial storm strikes."It is tremendously important to understand the environmental impacts of these 'black swan' weather events on evolution and natural selection," said Jonathan Pruitt, lead study author, evolutionary biologist and Canada 150 Chair in McMaster University's Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour. "As sea levels rise, the incidence of tropical storms will only increase. Now more than ever we need to contend with what the ecological and evolutionary impacts of these storms will be for non-human animals."The A. studiosis spider species has two main personality traits that are inherited: docile and aggressive.Aggressiveness can be determined based on their speed, attackers pursuing prey, cannibalizing male spiders as well as eggs and their vulnerability to the invasion of predatory spiders.On the one hand, aggressive colonies are better at gathering resources in times of scarcity. But when deprived of food or subjected to overheating, aggressive colonies can also suffer from infighting."Tropical cyclones likely impact both of these stressors by altering the numbers of flying prey and increasing sun exposure from a more open canopy layer," Pruitt said. "Aggressiveness is passed down through generations in these colonies, from parent to daughter, and is a major factor in their survival and ability to reproduce."The researchers determined that after a storm passed, the colonies that aggressively pursued food and resources were able to produce more egg cases. The spiderlings also had a better chance of surviving into early winter.In areas that weren't hit by storms, docile colonies thrived.These findings were consistent even as the storms varied in duration, intensity and size. The researchers believe this shows that extreme events can shape animal behaviors. They would like to conduct more long-term studies to learn whether this is the case. 3250

In a sign that veganism is making its way into the American mainstream, Disney announced Tuesday that plant-based food options will be added to every dining location in their US theme parks.More than 400 vegan dishes will be available at quick-service and table-service restaurants in Orlando, Florida's Walt Disney World in early October, followed by Anaheim, California's Disneyland in spring 2020.It's a major undertaking: There are more than 602 places to eat at The Walt Disney World in Orlando and Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, most of them uniquely themed to a theme park land or hotel.Soon each one will have a themed vegan option to match, such as the Star Wars-inspired "Tatooine Two Suns Hummus" in Disney's Hollywood Studios in Orlando, or "Le Fou Festin" at the Be Our Guest Restaurant at Disney's Magic Kingdom, also in Orlando.A new green leaf logoThe new additions extend beyond park walls: every dining location inside Disney's 36 Orlando and three Anaheim hotels will also get vegan options. They include "Carrot Gnocchi" at The Turf Club Bar and Grill at the Saratoga Springs Resort & Spa and "Cauliflower Tacos" at The Wave of American Flavors at Disney's Contemporary Resort.From the "Chili-Spiced Crispy Fried Tofu" at Animal Kingdom to "Eggless Florentine" on Main Street U.S.A., Disney is being careful to call the items "plant-based" and not "vegan." That's because the exact definition of what qualifies as vegan has long been a moving target.To help guests easily spot the plant-based plates, Disney is marking each menu item with a new green leaf logo.However, the company did say that all of the items "are made without animal meat, dairy, eggs or honey," meeting the broadest definition of vegan cuisine.There are few places less hospitable for vegans and vegetarians than theme parks, where the standard fare is burgers and dogs. They are among 1904

JUPITER, Florida —  It's now a sprawling sex trafficking investigation involving many jurisdictions and ensnaring wealthy, powerful suspects, but it began with a health inspector observing curious details suggesting women might be living at a Jupiter, Florida, day spa.Since at least July, after a state Health Department employee alerted police to signs of human trafficking, authorities had suspected Orchids of Asia Day Spa was providing more than massages and facials. Their suspicions were buttressed by a preliminary investigation that uncovered a seemingly all-male clientele and internet postings describing the spa as a "rub and tug," according to a police affidavit.Police requested the Florida Department of Health conduct a "routine inspection," and the department sent one of its inspectors there November 14. She reported back that the spa housed two rooms with beds, sheets and pillows, the affidavit said. There were also dressers containing medicine and clothing, as well as a fridge with food and condiments, it said.The findings, police and the health department determined, were "consistent with individuals living inside," the affidavit said.Taking a closer lookThis led a Jupiter detective to ramp up the investigation. Investigators pulled bags from a Dumpster and found a ripped-up ledger, credit card receipts and napkins wet with semen, the affidavit said.Police staked out the business, watching man after man enter the spa and leave after 30 minutes or an hour, the affidavit said. They also conducted traffic stops on customers leaving the business, who confirmed they had not patronized the day spa for its advertised services, it said.After obtaining a search warrant, investigators caught several johns -- including, allegedly, New England Patriots owner Robert Kraft, 1818

Kroger is discontinuing its sale of electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, the company quietly announced in an updated policy posted to its website."Kroger is discontinuing the sale of electronic nicotine delivery products, or e-cigarettes, at all store and fuel center locations due to the mounting questions and increasingly-complex regulatory environment associated with these products," the company said in a statement. "The company will exit this category after selling through its current inventory."The move comes as the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention investigates more than 1,000 cases of vaping-related lung injuries across the United States.As of October 1, 18 deaths in 15 states have been connected to these spate of vaping-related lung injuries, according to the 806

It’s wedding season, and it typically comes with high costs. However, more couples are now opting for less traditional ceremonies. “A micro wedding is usually guest count I like to say anything below 60 people,” explains Iver Marjerson, founder of Colorado Micro Weddings.Unlike elopement, going micro still has some of the same traditional aspects.“I find them a photographer, find the flowers, the cake the bartender,” Marjerson says. “All of it I already vetted, talked to them and made sure they have packages for micro weddings, and I help you put all those pieces together. And once they have all those pieces, the couple usually takes it from there.”Those opting for the less stressful route are couples in their late twenties and thirties, looking to save big on their big day.“They are more budget minded, more experienced based, and want to save some money and maybe backpack in Asia for an extra week on their honeymoon,” Marjerson says. “And certainly more likely to break a tradition.”Micro weddings can cost as low as ,000. Marjerson says even with a group of 50 people, he can put together a wedding for ,000 to ,000. Compared to the cost of a traditional wedding, it can usually amount to savings of ,000.At the end of the day, as long as the couple is happy, that’s all that matters.“Of course, I love being at big weddings, but for certain kinds of people who are inclined to stress, micro weddings certainly have advantages,” Marjerson says. 1482