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WASHINGTON, Oct. 13 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have corrected sickle cell disease in adult laboratory mice that had been bred to have the inherited blood disorder by activating production of a special blood component, according to a study published online Thursday in the journal Science.Sickle cell disease results from an abnormality in hemoglobin, the protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. People living with sickle cell disease have two copies of an altered gene that produces sickle hemoglobin instead of normal adult hemoglobin. Sickle hemoglobin changes shape after releasing its oxygen, causing the red blood cell to become stiff, misshapen and sticky, and slowing blood flow to tissues. This process damages organs and causes pain.The study tested a new approach to increasing the production of a third form of hemoglobin -- fetal hemoglobin. Production of fetal hemoglobin predominates before birth, but turns off thereafter as adult hemoglobin production takes over. People with sickle cell disease are unable to make normal adult hemoglobin, and instead make sickle hemoglobin starting in infancy.An elevated level of fetal hemoglobin within the red blood cell reduces the tendency of sickle hemoglobin to change the shape of red blood cells. Considerable research has shown that the drug hydroxyurea increases production of fetal hemoglobin and reduces the number of pain crises and other complications of sickle cell disease in adults and children. However, not all patients respond well to hydroxyurea, and adverse side effects are a concern.The current study explores a more targeted approach to increasing fetal hemoglobin production. It builds upon earlier studies that discovered a protein called BCL11A normally suppresses the production of fetal hemoglobin soon after birth. The researchers viewed the BCL11A protein as a target for therapy and decided to see what would happen if they blocked production of the protein.The paper details how the research team silenced the mouse gene that produces the BCL11A protein in mice with sickle cell disease. Silencing the gene turned off production of the BCL11A protein and allowed the adult mice to continue to produce fetal hemoglobin. It appears to have eliminated disease symptoms without affecting other aspects of blood production."This discovery provides an important new target for future therapies in people with sickle cell disease," said Susan Shurin, acting director of the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, which co-funded the study. "More work is needed before it will be possible to test such therapies in people, but this study demonstrates that the approach works in principle."Approximately 100,000 Americans live with sickle cell disease. It is most prevalent in people of African, Hispanic, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern descent. There is no widely available cure for sickle cell disease. Bone marrow transplants have cured some patients, but the treatment is not without risk and most patients do not have relatives who can donate compatible and healthy bone marrow to them.

ACCRA, Dec. 1 (Xinhua) -- The Ghanaian government allayed the fears of many here on Thursday that it would provide funding for the treatment of persons living with HIV/AIDS in the country.Vice President John Dramani Mahama affirmed this when he addressed a ceremony to mark this year's World AIDS Day at Obuasi, near Kumasi, 270 km north of the capital Accra.Mahama said should the Global Fund pull out of supporting the country, the government would partner with development partners to raise the 5.8 million U. S. dollars needed yearly for the treatment of HIV/AIDS patients."Government will work together with the Ghana AIDS Commission (GAC) and donor partners to ensure that people living with HIV/ AIDS have access to antiretroviral drugs."The Presidency is with you, and whatever we will do to win the fight against HIV/AIDS shall be done," Mahama said.Ghana's HIV/AIDS infection rate, according to official figures, has dropped from 3 percent to the current 1.5 percent, albeit with pockets of higher rates of infection among some populations in the country.Mahama called for more innovativeness in mobilizing resources to avoid the danger of retrogression.Director-General of the GAC Angela El-Adas announced that the Ministry of Health had pledged 2.5 million Ghana cedis (1.66 million dollars) out of the 5.8 million dollars needed for next year.Meanwhile, in the capital, the Ghana Network of Persons Living with HIV and AIDS (NAP+ GHANA) joined persons living with HIV (PLHIV) globally on Thursday to commemorate this year's World AIDS Day."We stand united with our fellow PLHIV and the global HIV and AIDS community by fully supporting the vision of 'Getting to Zero', " Charity Owusu Danso, vice president of NAP+ Ghana, said in a message here.Established in 2005, NAP+GHANA is a network of member associations of persons living with HIV/AIDS in Ghana to represent the views, hopes and aspirations of PLHIV across the country."We are extremely worried. Everyday, we receive reports from PLHIV across the country that anti-retroviral drugs are out of stock or that hospitals or clinics won't give HIV treatment to new patients because there aren't even enough drugs for existing patients, " the statement said.

UNITED NATIONS, Oct. 17 (Xinhua) -- China on Monday underlined the importance of safeguarding the peaceful use of outer space and preventing the weaponization of and an arms race in outer space, saying that "the outer space is the common wealth of mankind as the global public space."The statement came as Wang Qun, the Chinese ambassador for disarmament affairs, was taking the floor at the thematic debate on outer space at the First Committee of the UN General Assembly. The First Committee is in charge of disarmament and international security."The outer space is the common wealth of mankind as the global public space," Wang said. "The permanent peace of outer space is correlated to all nations' security, development and prosperity.""Meanwhile, with the growing reliance of mankind on outer space, the risk of the weaponization of and an arms race in outer space are on rise, and the uncertainties concerning outer space security are accumulating as well," he said. "Safeguarding the peaceful use of outer space and preventing the weaponization of and an arms race in outer space are common interest and obligations of all countries."In responding to the growing challenge for security in outer space, the international community also witnessed common grounds on opposing to the weaponization of outer space and advertising the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space, he said.The General Assembly, for consecutive years, adopted " Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space" resolution by overwhelming majority of votes, calling for negotiations on an international legally-binding instrument on the prevention of an arms race in outer space at the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva."The mankind has marched into the 6th decade of outer space exploitation, and the manned space flight has made a history of 50 years," Wang said."Recently, China has successfully launched the Tiangong-1 ( Heavenly Palace 1) as a target spacecraft for rendezvous and docking experiment, which opens a new era of China's manned space flight, and also reflects that China is committed itself to the honorable objective of promoting the peaceful exploration and utilization of the outer space, maintaining peace and bringing benefit to mankind."

BEIJING, Jan. 25 (Xinhua) -- China's railway authorities said Wednesday that it would put 315 more trains into service on Wednesday to cope with Lunar New Year travel demand, compared with 159 on Tuesday.About 3.7 million passengers hit the rails on Tuesday, up from 2.29 million on Monday, the Ministry of Railways said in a statement on its website.The ministry expected a post-festival travel peak on Friday.The country's trains carried a total of 83.46 million passengers from Jan. 8 to 22, up 7.9 percent from a year earlier, the ministry said in a statement issued on Tuesday.The 40-day Spring Festival travel season kicked off on Jan. 8 this year, with hundreds of millions of people, mainly migrant workers and college students, heading home for the most important festival in China.A total of 3.16 billion passenger trips are expected during the year's travel rush, up 9.1 percent from a year earlier. Of those journeys, 235 million are likely to be made by train, up 6.1 percent year-on-year.The Spring Festival, or Chinese Lunar New Year, falls on Jan. 23 this year. 

BEIJING, Dec. 4 (Xinhua) - Orthopaedic experts have warned that China should improve its prevention of orthopaedic illnesses as its population ages.Osteoporosis, bone fractures and joint diseases, to which elderly people are particularly susceptible, have surged as serious health concerns, said Feng Huicheng, surgeon-in-chief of a leading Chinese orthopaedics hospital, at the Sixth International Congress of the Chinese Orthopaedic Association (COA) Sunday in Beijing.According to China's latest census in 2010, the number of people aged 60 and over stood at 177.65 million and accounted for more than 13 percent of the country's total 1.3 billion population."Orthopaedic diseases pose a great threat to the elderly, and they'll only grow more serious as we have a large population that is aging," said Dr. Feng from the No. 309 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army."The younger generation should start to be concerned with their health now, particularly calcium loss, to prevent osteoporosis when getting old.".A report issued by the International Osteoporosis Foundation this year shows that about 70 million people in China now suffer from the condition and that number may leap to 286 million by 2020.H.K.T.Raza, president of the Asia Pacific Orthopaedic Association, said at the conference that the prevention of osteoporosis should begin when people are still young."Osteoporosis is best prevented by regular exercises and good dietary controls. All that has to be done early in life, maybe between 20 and 30, to prevent the disease," he said.According to the World Health Organization, osteoporosis remains one of the primary threats to the health of the middle-aged and elderly.Osteoporosis is the thinning of bone tissue and loss of bone density over time. Parts of the bone grow weak and prone to fracture. Women are usually subject to greater risk of osteoporosis than men as they start with lower bone density and lose bone mass faster as they age.