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BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States will more vigorously promote cultural exchanges between the two nations and their people, and send more students to each other's country to study, a joint statement said here on Tuesday.     "The two sides noted the importance of people-to-people and cultural exchanges in fostering closer China-U.S. bilateral relations and therefore agreed in principle to establish a new bilateral mechanism to facilitate these exchanges," the statement said.     In recent years, the number of students studying in each other's country keeps rising. Currently there are nearly 100,000 Chinese students studying in the United States.     "The U.S. will receive more Chinese students and facilitate visa issuance for them," the statement said.     In China, there are about 20,000 American students studying. The United States will launch a new initiative to encourage more American students to study in China. "Over the coming four years, the U.S. will send 100,000 students to China, and the Chinese side welcomed this decision," it said.     China and the U.S. agreed to expedite negotiations to renew in 2010 a cultural exchange accord, and jointly hold the Second China-U.S. Cultural Forum in the United States at an appropriate time, the statement added. 

LIMA, Nov. 22 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin arrived in Lima on Sunday, kicking off his official good-will visit to this South American country.     Jia, chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, delivered a written speech upon his arrival at the airport of the Peruvian capital. Jia Qinglin (L), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, arrives in Lima to start an official goodwill visit to Peru on Nov. 22, 2009. In the speech, Jia hailed the traditional friendship and sound development of bilateral ties, highlighting the fruitful cooperation in various fields and close coordination on international and regional affairs since the two countries established diplomatic ties in 1971.     The China-Peru relations entered a new phase of development when the two states established a strategic partnership in 2008, Jia said. Jia Qinglin (L), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, arrives in Lima to start an official goodwill visit to Peru on Nov. 22, 2009. China always attaches importance to the relations with Peru and will work together with Peru to promote the partnership in a bid to benefit the two peoples, he noted.     Jia is paying a two-day visit to Lima, which is expected to further friendship, mutual respect and cooperation, at the invitation of the Peruvian government. Jia Qinglin (L), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, arrives in Lima to start an official goodwill visit to Peru on Nov. 22, 2009. He is scheduled to meet the Peruvian leadership and attend the opening ceremony of a China-Peru business forum on Monday.     Jia visited the Philippines and made a stopover at French Polynesia last week. He will also visit Ecuador and Brazil.

URUMQI, Dec. 6 (Xinhua) -- A railway became operational Sunday in west China's Xinjiang Autonomous Region, which is expected to boost the transportation from China to central Asia and Europe, said local railway authorities.     The railway, called Second Urumqi-Jinghe Line, runs 381.5 km and links the region's capital Urumqi and Jinghe county. It has a designed transportation capacity of 67.1 million tonnes, which is expected to grow up to 91.7 million tonnes in the future. With a designed speed of 120 km per hour, the railway cost 2.77 billion yuan, according to a statement from Xinjiang Railway Bureau.     Jinghe is linked to Horgos and Alataw Pass, ports on the China-Kazakhstan border, by two other railways. One starts from Jinghe and ends at Horgos. The other runs from Urumqi through Jinghe to Alataw Pass.     The launch of the new railway would greatly enhance China's transportation capacity to Kazakhstan and further into other countries in central Asia and Europe, the statement said.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 4 (Xinhua) -- The United States requested the World Trade Organization (WTO) on Wednesday to establish a dispute settlement panel to rule on China's export restraints on raw materials. But Chinese officials insist that they are consistent with WTO rules.     The materials at issue are: bauxite, coke, fluorspar, magnesium, manganese, silicon metal, silicon carbide, yellow phosphorus, and zinc, key inputs for numerous downstream products in the steel, aluminum, and chemical sectors across the globe.     The Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) said in a statement that the raw materials are "critical to U.S. manufacturers and workers."     The USTR also said that the European Union and Mexico are joining the United States in requesting the establishment of a WTO dispute settlement panel regarding this matter.     The U.S. and the European Union requested formal consultations with China at the WTO on June 23, 2009, and Mexico filed its consultations request on August 21, 2009.     "We believe the restraints at issue in this dispute significantly distort the international market and provide preferential conditions for Chinese industries that use these raw materials," said Debbie Mesloh, a USTR spokeswoman.     "Working together with the European Union and Mexico, we tried to resolve this issue through consultations, but did not succeed. At this point, therefore, we need to move forward with the next step in the WTO dispute settlement process," Mesloh stated. "We remain open to working with China to find a mutually agreeable solution to our concerns."     But the Chinese Ministry of Commerce defended China's export policies, saying they are consistent with WTO rules.     The chief aim of China's export policies is to protect the environment and conserve natural resources, said an official with the Ministry of Commerce in June.     China has been keeping communication and contact with the U.S. and the EU over China's policy on raw material exports, the official said, adding that China will properly deal with the consultation request in accordance with WTO dispute settlement procedures.     According to the procedures, China, the U.S., the EU and Mexico have 60 days to try to resolve their dispute through consultations. If consultations fail, the U.S., the EU and Mexico could ask for a WTO panel to investigate and rule on this dispute.

SHANGHAI, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- U.S. President Barack Obama on Monday called on the Chinese and U.S. governments to strengthen cooperation in dealing with such global challenges as climate change.     "There are very few global challenges that can be solved unless China and the United States agree," he stressed while answering a question at a town hall with Chinese students in Shanghai, the first stop of his four-day China tour.     As the world's two largest greenhouse gas emitters, the United States and China should assume the responsibility to curb greenhouse gas emissions, he said.     "Unless both of our countries are willing to take critical steps in dealing with this issue, we will not be able to resolve it," Obama said.     The president called on world leaders to strike a deal at the December Copenhagen conference during which they would make differentiated commitments to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.     China should not take the same obligations as the United States since it has a much larger population living in poverty, he said.     Climate change is expected to be one of the main topics at the upcoming meeting between Obama and Chinese President Hu Jintao.     President Hu promised at a September UN climate summit in New York that China would cut carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product by "a notable margin" by 2020 from the 2005level.     Obama has said he wants to cut U.S. emissions back to 1990 levels by 2020 and 80 percent further by 2050, but the U.S. Congress was unlikely to complete climate legislation by the time of Copenhagen, due to great political challenges in the midst of a recession with high unemployment and other domestic priorities.     According to U.S. top negotiator Jonathan Pershing, it would be difficult for the U.S. to pledge an emissions target without legislation by Congress, therefore a new pact to combat global warming is a forlorn hope for Copenhagen.     The Dec. 7-18 Copenhagen meeting, which is expected to bring together leaders from 190 countries, aims to renew greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets set by the Kyoto Protocol, due to expire in 2012.