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WASHINGTON, June 2 (Xinhua) -- When humans see red, their reactions become both faster and more forceful, according to a new study published this week in the U.S. bimonthly journal Emotion.The findings may have applications for sporting and other activities in which a brief burst of strength and speed is needed, such as weightlifting. But the authors caution that the color energy boost is likely short-lived.The study measured the reactions of students in two experiments. In the first, 30 fourth-through-10th graders pinched and held open a metal clasp. Right before doing so, they read aloud their participant number written in either red or gray crayon. In the second experiment, 46 undergraduates squeezed a handgrip with their dominant hand as hard as possible when they read the word "squeeze" on a computer monitor. The word appeared on a red, blue, or gray background.In both scenarios, red significantly increased the force exerted, with participants in the red condition squeezing with greater maximum force than those in the gray or blue conditions. In the handgrip experiment, not only the amount of force, but also the immediacy of the reaction increased when red was present.The colors in the study were precisely equated in hue, brightness, and chroma (intensity) to insure that reactions were not attributable to these other qualities of color."Red enhances our physical reactions because it is seen as a danger cue," explains coauthor Andrew Elliot, professor of psychology at the University of Rochester and a lead researcher in the field of color psychology. "Humans flush when they are angry or preparing for attack," he explains. "People are acutely aware of such reddening in others and it's implications."But threat is a double-edged sword, argue Elliot and coauthor Henk Aarts, professor of psychology at Utrecht University, in the Netherlands. Along with mobilizing extra energy, "threat also evokes worry, task distraction, and self-preoccupation, all of which have been shown to tax mental resources," they write in the paper.In earlier color research, exposure to red has proven counterproductive for skilled motor and mental tasks: athletes competing against an opponent wearing red are more likely to lose and students exposed to red before a test perform worse.

JIUQUAN, Gansu, Aug. 18 (Xinhua) -- China's experimental orbiter SJ-11-04, which was launched by a Long March II-C rocket Thursday, failed to enter the designated orbit due to a malfunction of the rocket.The rocket experienced malfunction during the flight following its launch from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 5:28 p.m. Beijing Time in northwest Gansu Province.The specific cause of the failure is being analyzed.

BERLIN, Aug. 28 (Xinhua) -- Mercedes-Benz, the world leading luxury car producer, celebrates the 125th anniversary of its invention of automobile with what it claimed the largest gathering ever, at the former Tempelhof airport in Berlin on the weekend.The Mercedes-Benz Club and Mercedes-Benz enthusiasts greet visitors with some 1,800 well-assorted Mercedes-Benz-branded vehicles, ranging from vintage and classic passenger cars to a variety of historic commercial vehicles, on a vast open areas of 250,000 square metres of the abandoned Tempelhof airport, which was closed in 2008.It took Mr. Lauritzen and his wife two days' drive of their cherised wecker of Mercedes-Benz Cabriolet B. 320.W 142.-3,4l to reach here for taking part in the pageant."It is a long journey, but we are happy to be here to see more class cars and more friends with same interests," Mrs Lauritzen said.Owners take the opportunity to present their lovingly cared-for vehicles, which include a number of truly rare items of automotive history, to the Berlin public.The couple of Mr. Kerner drove their red Mercedes-Benz 170Dba, a made-in-1952 model with a range of special and unique designs which are very rarely seen now, over journey of 155 km from Bitterfeld to join in the gala."I'm fond of driving my classic car of Benz," said Mrs Kerner, despite it can run maximally at a speed of 50 to 80 km per hour, "but I truly enjoy the diesel engine sounds and the historic feeling it evokes."The legendary Silver Arrows, dating from the 1930s and 1950s, are also presented from the Mercedes-Benz Classic collection for demonstration drives."The brilliant history of the Silver Arrows will be brought to life with a demonstration of their impressive engine sound and incredible driving dynamics," said Michael Bock, head of Mercedes-Benz Classic and Director of Mercedes-Benz Museum GmbH."It is not often that these racing cars are driven in public, so this will be a true highlight of the program of events in Tempelhof."During the grand show, visitors are also accessible to first-hand experiences of the latest technologies applicable in the future for in passenger cars, commercial vehicles and racing cars."Some 125 years ago, Carl Benz submitted his patent application for the Benz Patent Motor Car to the Patent Office in Berlin", the organizer appealed to the visitors, saying now Mercedes-Benz is returning to Berlin to celebrate together with Berliners.

WELLINGTON, Aug. 8 (Xinhua) -- A New Zealand study has found that people who work at least 50 hours a week can be up to three times more at risk of alcohol problems than people who work fewer hours.The study, conducted by the University of Otago, used data that followed more than 1,000 people born in Christchurch in 1977 through to age 30.Study leader Dr Sheree Gibb said it aimed to examine whether working hours were related to alcohol problems in early adulthood.Data from more than 1,000 participants at ages 25 and 30 showed a significant association between longer working hours and alcohol- related problems.Longer working hours were associated with higher levels of alcohol problems including frequent alcohol use and alcohol abuse or dependence.People who worked 50 hours or more on average a week were 1.8 to 3.3 times more likely to have alcohol-related problems than those who were not working, and about 1.2 to 1.5 times more likely to have alcohol-related problems than those who worked 30 to 49 hours a week.The higher risk of alcohol abuse for those who worked longer hours was evident in both men and women, according to the study.Gibb said the finding could suggest a need for consideration of policies and programs targeting individuals who worked long hours, with the aim of reducing rates of alcohol-related problems.The article had been accepted for publication by the UK-based journal Addiction.