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SAN FRANCISCO, March 30 (Xinhua) -- History records showed it was not often that large earthquakes caused immediate large volcano eruptions, a geophysicist told Xinhua on Wednesday while talking about whether the recent massive quake in Japan could trigger volcano eruptions.Inevitably, the shaking and changes in the state of stress in the crust could cause some changes in some of active volcanoes closest to the March 11 quake zone in Japan, said Dr. Jian Lin, senior scientist and geophysicist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in the United States.However, only if a particular volcano was already in a stage of magmatic inflation, a situation close to eruption, would the shaking make a major difference, he noted.Lin is currently visiting the U.S. Geological Survey's earthquake research center in Menlo Park, California to study the March 11 Japan earthquake.Compared with the cases that earthquake triggered volcano eruptions in the past, Lin said, most of active volcanoes in Japan are located somewhat farther away from the March 11 earthquake rupture zones. "The farther away, the less direct effect," he noted.Therefore, "the most important thing is to closely monitor all the active volcanoes in Japan," he said.There are only two well-documented cases of significant volcano eruptions that were apparently triggered by large earthquakes, he said.On Nov. 29, 1975, the Kilauea Volcano in the Hawaiian Islands had a small and short-lived eruption immediately after a magnitude- 7.2 quake hit the Big Island of Hawaii near the volcano, which was probably the best scientifically documented case so far of a volcano eruption triggered by a large earthquake.Records showed that the Kilauea Volvano was already in a stage of inflation before the quake. Meanwhile, the quake was right next to the volcano, which triggered the following eruption.Another case is 1960 Chile earthquake-volcano pair, in which a magnitude-9.5 earthquake, the largest ever recorded by instruments, could have triggered the Puyehue-Cordon Caulle Volcanic Complex ( PCCVC) into a violent eruption within 38 hours. The CCVC had been inactive for 25 years before the quake.Lin pointed out that like the Kilauea case, the earthquake rupture zone in the Chilean quake was again quite close to the volcanic group. However, little scientific monitoring data had been got for the PCCVC before its eruption as it is in a remote area in Chile.In recent years, scientists have observed that large earthquakes from long distance could trigger swarms of small earthquakes in active hydrothermal systems of volcanic regions, he said, noting that "these small earthquake swarms like these are not the same as volcano eruption."Lin added that the relationship between large volcano eruption and large earthquakes is still a poorly studied subject since scientific record is very short and many of large eruptions in the geological history were poorly documented."Therefore, we still know quite little about this subject," he said.

MOSCOW, Feb. 9 (Xinhua) -- China's steady economic rise causes both high hopes and anxiety among world leaders, but a Russian expert believes China's peaceful development is an opportunity for the entire world.Yakov Berger of the Far East Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences told Xinhua that China's policy of peaceful development is a strategic choice, aimed at long-term and sustainable growth."China overcame the global financial crisis, decreased poverty, and increased people's wealth," Berger said."Still, many important tasks for China remain to be fulfilled and first of all, modernization, industrialization and urbanization. This is why China needs strong and long-lasting peace," he said.Berger said China's policy of peaceful development has already won support from the majority of countries, so they are willing to cooperate with the world's most powerful developing nation."China's peaceful development gives chance to all people in the world, as China became the main engine of the global economic development. Many developed countries are gravitated to China because they depend on Chinese supplies and the Chinese market," Berger said.However, although some countries are aware that China's sustainable growth requires peace and stability, some eye China's growing influence as negative, the professor said.Berger said that Beijing tries to persuade Washington that China's rise does not threaten American security. The question, then, is to what degree is the U.S. ready to accept the new reality, Berger said.Berger cited two main reasons why some Western politicians don't trust Beijing."First, this is a natural response from the people who got used to a certain world order," he said, "Such an order implies the existence of the so-called 'golden billion' people who have access to all of civilization's benefits while the other five billion can't make ends meet."Berger said that when China attempts to achieve the same living standards, that induces some fears based on the notion that the Earth resources are limited.Berger believed the second reason is xenophobia and racism, which generates talk about the "Chinese threat.""But they talked about the 'China threat' even in times when China used to be an underdeveloped nation," Berger noted.

BEIJING, March 24 (Xinhuanet) -- Mozilla's newly launched Firefox 4 Web browser was downloaded nearly 7 million times worldwide in the first 24 hours, according to media reports.The number was almost triple the 2.4 million downloads that Microsoft reported in the first 24 hours after the Internet Explorer 9 (IE9) was released.Nevertheless, the number lagged behind the record-breaking performance of Firefox 3, which was downloaded more than 8 million times in the first day after launch in mid-2008.Statistics show that Firefox 4 has attracted interest from around the world, with 44 percent downloads in Europe, 26 percent in North America. and 20 percent in Asia.Mozilla launched Firefox 4 on Tuesday at around 10:00 a.m. EDT to compete with Microsoft's IE9 and Google Chrome.The new Web browser was originally scheduled to ship last November, but bugs delayed the release into early this year.Firefox trumped IE9 in the first day download contest because it runs on Windows XP, the 10-year-old operating system that IE9 doesn't support.

BEIJING, Feb. 26 (Xinhua) -- Zhu Guangya, who contributed to the development of China's first atom and hydrogen bombs, died Saturday at age 87.Zhu was a senior academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He served as vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, China's top political advisory body, between 1994 and 2003.Born in central China's Yichang city, Zhu obtained a PhD in nuclear physics from the University of Michigan in 1950. That year he returned to China. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1956.

WASHINGTON, April 3 (Xinhua) -- In the largest study of its kind, researchers from a consortium led by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, the University of Miami, and the Boston University School of Medicine, identified four new genes linked to Alzheimer's disease. The findings appeared Sunday in the current issue of Nature Genetics.Each gene individually adds to the risk of having this common form of dementia later in life. These new genes offer a portal into what causes Alzheimer's disease and is a major advance in the field.The study, conducted by the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium, reports genetic analysis of more than 11,000 people with Alzheimer's disease and a nearly equal number of elderly people who have no symptoms of dementia. Three other consortia contributed confirming data from additional people, bringing the total number of people analyzed to over 54,000. The consortium also contributed to the identification of a fifth gene reported by other groups of investigators from the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and other European countries.The study is the result of a large collaborative effort with investigators from 44 universities and research institutions in the United States, led by Gerard Schellenberg at University of Pennsylvania."This is the culmination of years of work on Alzheimer's disease by a large number of scientists, yet it is just the beginning in defining how genes influence memory and intellectual function as we age. We are all tremendously excited by our progress so far, but much remains to be done, both in understanding the genetics and in defining how these genes influence the disease process," Schellenberg said.Until recently, only four genes associated with late-onset Alzheimer's have been confirmed, with the gene for apolipoprotein E-e4, APOE-e4, having the largest effect on risk. The Nature Genetics studies add another four -- MS4A, CD2AP, CD33, and EPHA1 -- and contribute to identifying and confirming two other genes, BIN1 and ABCA7, thereby doubling the number of genes known to contribute Alzheimer's disease.