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LOS ANGELES, June 5 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have developed two new drugs that can prolong the lives of patients with advanced melanoma, it was announced on Sunday.Research on both drugs was presented at the on-going annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in Chicago, according to HealthDay News.This is the first big news in years for treatment of melanoma, one of the deadliest forms of skin cancer and one that is notoriously difficult to treat, let alone cure, the report said.The first treatment, vemurafenib, inhibits a gene mutation harbored in half of all melanoma patients, but is not yet approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.The other drug, Yervoy (ipilumumab), is an immune system therapy that won approval in March."The March FDA approval of ipilumumab (Yervoy) was the first new drug approval for melanoma in 13 years," said Tim Turnham, executive director of the Melanoma Research Foundation.The two drugs were developed by researchers at Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center in New York City, the report said."This is really a huge step toward personalized care in melanoma," Dr. Paul Chapman, lead author of the first study and the attending physician in the melanoma/sarcoma service at Memorial Sloan-Kettering, said in a statement. "This (vemurafenib) is the first successful melanoma treatment tailored to patients who carry a specific gene mutation in their tumor, and could eventually become one of only two drugs available that improves overall survival in advanced cancers.""Having two trials that show a benefit in survival in patients with melanoma, both of these in first-line settings -- we weren't here just a few years ago," said Dr. Stephen Hodi, director of the Melanoma Center at Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston. "These are huge, paradigm-shifting results for the field."In the vemurafenib trial, sponsored by the drug's makers, researchers randomly assigned 675 patients with advanced, inoperable melanoma to receive either the chemotherapy drug dacarbazine or vemurafenib. Vemurafenib targets the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene.At the three-month mark, patients taking vemurafenib were 63 percent less likely to die and 74 percent less likely to die or see their cancer return, compared to patients taking dacarbazine alone.Few patients had side effects in the vemurafenib group, although some did develop squamous cell carcinoma, a less dangerous form of skin cancer.This is the first drug that has been proven superior to chemotherapy in this group of hard-to-treat patients, the researchers said."There was such a substantial benefit that we recommended that patients cross over," Chapman said at a Sunday news briefing. "It' s unprecedented to report a trial this early. The median follow-up time was three months." Yet the differences between the two groups became evident almost immediately.Dr. Lynn Schuchter, co-moderator of the briefing and division chief of hematology-oncology at Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, said symptoms subsided in some patients almost immediately, enabling them to cut back on pain medication in just 72 hours."The median time to progression with dacarbazine was 1.6 months versus three months with vemurafenib, which is a huge difference," said Chapman.In the second study, about 500 patients were randomly picked to receive Yervoy plus dacarbazine or dacarbazine alone.Those taking both drugs lived a median of 11.2 months compared to 9.1 months for those taking dacarbazine alone. Time to recurrence of disease was about the same for both groups: 2.8 months and 2.6 months, respectively.Almost half of those taking the combination therapy were alive after one year, compared to 36.3 percent in the other group. After two years, the rates were 28.5 percent and 17.9 percent, respectively.By three years out, 20.8 percent of those in the combination group were alive compared with 12.2 percent of those taking chemotherapy alone.This is the first study to combine chemotherapy and immunotherapy both safely and effectively.A study to test vemurafenib in combination with Yervoy has already begun, according to HealthDay News.

SAN FRANCISCO, July 14 (Xinhua) -- Microsoft on Thursday introduces a hacking alert system to its Windows Live Hotmail email service alongside banning common passwords."When someone's account gets hijacked, their friends often find out before they do, because the hijacker uses their account to send spam or phishing email to all their contacts," said Microsoft in a blog post.The new security feature adds a "My friend's been hacked!" option in the "mark as" menu in Hotmail and also enables users to report hacked accounts via the junk mail filing screen.Then an alert will be sent to Microsoft, which will "make sure the account can no longer be used by spammers and activates an account recovery process to allow the owner to take back control the accounts."Users can report any email account as compromised and Hotmail will provide the information to other email providers like Yahoo! and Gmail, said the blog.Meanwhile, Microsoft said Hotmail will roll out a feature to prevent users from choosing commonly used and weak passwords, such as "123456," "ilovecats" and "gogiants." Users who currently use a weak password will be asked to change to a stronger one in the future.Hotmail, first launched in July 1996, is one of the first free email providers, and was acquired by Microsoft in 1997 for an estimated 400 million U.S. dollars.According to statistics released by comScore last August, Hotmail was then the world's largest web-based email service with around 364 million users, followed by Yahoo! Mail (280 million) and Gmail (191 million).

LOS ANGELES, July 28 (Xinhua) -- Mainly due to rampant obesity, Americans' life expectancy is one-and-a-half-year shorter than that of Western Europeans on the average, according to a new study published on Thursday.But 40 years ago, Americans could expect to live slightly longer than Europeans, said the study jointly conducted by researchers from University of Southern California (USC), the Harvard School of Public Health and the RAND Corp., a non-profit think tank.In addition to Western Europeans, Americans also die younger than the residents of most other developed nations, according to the study appearing in the July issue of Social Science & Medicine.The life-expectancy disparity, which begins around the age of 50, stems from higher levels of middle-age obesity and obesity-related chronic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes, said the study.In the first half of the last century, average life expectancy increased by saving more babies, said author Dana Goldman, director of the Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics at the USC."But now it is reduction in mortality among the elderly, rather than the young, that propels increases in life expectancy," he said. "The question is whether 'being American' is an independent mortality risk factor."If 50-year-old U.S. adults could be as healthy as Europeans, it could save Medicare and Medicaid 632 billion dollars by 2050, the study said.Though the transition to better health initially raises expenditures, the researchers estimate that by 2050 healthcare savings from health improvements among the middle age could total more than 1.1 trillion dollars."The international life expectancy gap appears much easier to explain than gaps within countries: there is no American-specific effect on longevity beyond differences in disease at age 50," said Darius Lakdawalla, an associate professor in the USC School of Policy, Planning and Development.

BERLIN, June 8 (Xinhua) -- The deadly strain for the E. coli outbreak was found again on cucumbers, authorities of German state Saxony-Anhalt said on Wednesday. The strain O104 was found on the scraps of cucumbers in a dustbin in the eastern city of Magdeburg, said State Health Minister Holger Paech.The dustbin belongs to a family in which three members have been ill. Paech said. The father only suffered a slight stomach upset, while the mother was once treated at a hospital and is now released. Their daughter is suffering from hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), a serious complication from the infection of E. coli.However, experts were not clear about how the bacteria came to the cumbers, which have been in the dustbin for a week and a half."It is not clear and we are not able to determine how it reached there." Paech said.German authority first detected such bacteria from Spanish cucumbers on May 26, which has been overthrown by the laboratory tests in Hamburg last Tuesday.On Sunday, German State Lower Saxony issued a warning on bean sprouts as a possible source for the outbreak, which was proven to be negative on Monday.The German government has faced increasing criticism from abroad and at home for dealing with this crisis, as it has wrongly blamed the source of the infection for twice and there is a lack of coordination between different research institutes on the outbreak.John Dalli, European Union Health Commissioner, was quoted by local daily Die Welt saying "we have to rely on the experience and expertise across Europe, and even outside Europe."The Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin also called for a federal government representative to coordinate the various government agencies which are dealing with the crisis.A federal government representative could increase cooperation between ministries and reduce mixed messages from the government, said director Stefan Kaufmann.On the same day, Germany's national disease control center, the Robert Koch Institute, said the number of infection has shown an overall decreasing trend but it is still uncertain whether the decline is due to people staying away from vegetables or to the waning of the source of infection.Until Wednesday, 25 deaths have been reported while the infection cases have increased more than 2,600 in 12 countries around the world.

BEIJING, Aug. 14 (Xinhua) -- China's National Energy Administration (NEA) announced Sunday that the country's total electric power consumption rose 12.2 percent from a year earlier to 2.69 trillion kilowatt-hours (kwh) during the first seven months of this year.In July alone, power consumption was up 11.8 percent year-on-year to 434.9 billion kwh, according to the NEA.During the first seven months, power consumption in the country's primary industries rose 5.1 percent year-on-year to reach 59.1 billion kwh; power use in secondary industries totaled 2.0253 trillion kwh, up 11.9 percent; consumption in tertiary industries surged 15.5 percent to reach 285.3 billion kwh.Meanwhile, consumption by residents in both urban and rural areas rose 12 percent to 317.2 billion kwh.Power generated by China's newly-built power plants reached 41.23 million kilowatts during the January-July period, of which 7.69 million kilowatts was hydro-generated and 27.74 million was coal-fire generated.