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If President Donald Trump invokes a "national emergency" at the US border and uses emergency powers to bypass Congress and obtain funding to build his long-promised border wall, a battle in the courts over the questionable legality of spending those dollars would be virtually guaranteed.But the United States is no stranger to national emergencies.In fact, the US has been in a perpetual state of declared national emergency for four decades, and the country is currently under 31 concurrent states of emergency about a spectrum of international issues around the globe, according to a CNN review of documents from the Congressional Research Service and the Federal Register.The federal government is well into its third week of a partial shutdown over funding for the President's wall along the border with Mexico. The White House and Democrats in Congress are locked at an impasse: Trump is demanding .6 billion, while House Democrats have vowed not to give him a dollar."I may declare a national emergency dependent on what's going to happen over the next few days," Trump told reporters on Sunday morning, floating using the National Emergencies Act of 1974 to activate special power during a crisis.House Intelligence Committee chairman Adam Schiff told CNN's Jake Tapper on "State of the Union" that Trump doesn't have the authority to do so. "If Harry Truman couldn't nationalize the steel industry during wartime, this President doesn't have the power to declare an emergency and build a multibillion-dollar wall on the border. So, that's a nonstarter."But acting White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney defended the possibility: "I'm actually heavily involved with it and have been working with all of the Cabinet secretaries to try and find money that we can legally use to defend the southern border," he said on the same program. "Presidents have authority to defend the nation."Not all national emergency declarations are so controversial. Trump has already issued three national emergency declarations during his tenure, most prominently a national emergency meant to punish foreign actors who interfere in American elections, though the move garnered bipartisan criticism for not going far enough. He's also invoked emergency powers to slap sanctions on human rights abusers around the globe and on members of the Nicaraguan government amid corruption and violent protests there.Here's a full list of the 31 active national emergencies under the National Emergencies Act, dating back to the Carter administration:1. Blocking Iranian Government Property (Nov. 14, 1979)2. Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (Nov. 14, 1994)3. Prohibiting Transactions with Terrorists Who Threaten to Disrupt the Middle East Peace Process (January 23, 1995)4. Prohibiting Certain Transactions with Respect to the Development of Iranian Petroleum Resources (March 15, 1995)5. Blocking Assets and Prohibiting Transactions with Significant Narcotics Traffickers (October 21, 1995)6. Regulations of the Anchorage and Movement of Vessels with Respect to Cuba (March 1, 1996)7. Blocking Sudanese Government Property and Prohibiting Transactions with Sudan (November 3, 1997)8. Blocking Property of Persons Who Threaten International Stabilization Efforts in the Western Balkans (June 26, 2001)9. Continuation of Export Control Regulations (August 17, 2001)10. Declaration of National Emergency by Reason of Certain Terrorist Attacks (September 14, 2001)11. Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions with Persons who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism (September 23, 2001)12. Blocking Property of Persons Undermining Democratic Processes or Institutions in Zimbabwe (March 6, 2003)13. Protecting the Development Fund for Iraq and Certain Other Property in Which Iraq has an Interest (May 22, 2003)14. Blocking Property of Certain Persons and Prohibiting the Export of Certain Goods to Syria (May 11, 2004)15. Blocking Property of Certain Persons Undermining Democratic Processes or Institutions in Belarus (June 16, 2006)16. Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (October 27, 2006)17. Blocking Property of Persons Undermining the Sovereignty of Lebanon or Its Democratic Processes and Institutions (August 1, 2007)18. Continuing Certain Restrictions with Respect to North Korea and North Korean Nationals (June 26, 2008)19. Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Conflict in Somalia (April 12, 2010)20. Blocking Property and Prohibiting Certain Transactions Related to Libya (February 25, 2011)21. Blocking Property of Transnational Criminal Organizations (July 25, 2011)22. Blocking Property of Persons Threatening the Peace, Security, or Stability of Yemen (May 16, 2012)23. Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine (March 6, 2014)24. Blocking Property of Certain Persons With Respect to South Sudan (April 3, 2014)25. Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Conflict in the Central African Republic (May 12, 2014)26. Blocking Property and Suspending Entry of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Venezuela (March 9, 2015)27. Blocking the Property of Certain Persons Engaging in Significant Malicious Cyber-Enabled Activities (April 1, 2015)28. Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Burundi (November 23, 2015)29. Blocking the Property of Persons Involved in Serious Human Rights Abuse or Corruption (December 20, 2017)30. Imposing Certain Sanctions in the Event of Foreign Interference in a United States Election (September 12, 2018)31. Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Nicaragua (November 27, 2018) 5757

Four different crashes happened during fallen soldier Cpl. Thomas Walker's processional in Ohio, according to Cleveland Police Patrolman Association member Charlie McGeever. At least one of the crashes was critical. Walker, an infantryman who had been stationed at Fort Stewart since 2016, was one of three soldiers killed earlier this month when their armored vehicle rolled off a bridge and submerged in water during training.He had been awarded the Army Good Conduct Medal, the National Defense Service Medal, the Korea Defense Service Medal and the Army Service Ribbon.Walker graduated from Conneaut High School in 2016.This article was written by Courtney Shaw for WEWS. 687

Federal officials on Wednesday banned electrical shock devices used to discourage aggressive, self-harming behavior in patients with mental disabilities.The announcement from the Food and Drug Administration follows years of pressure from disability rights groups and mental health experts who have called the treatment outdated, ineffective and unethical. The agency first announced its intent to ban the devices in 2016.For years, the shock devices have been used by only one place in the U.S., the Judge Rotenberg Educational Center of Canton, Massachusetts, a residential school for people with autism and other psychiatric, developmental or mental disabilities. The FDA said Wednesday it estimates 45 to 50 people at the school are currently being treated with the device.School administrators have called the shocks a last resort to prevent dangerous behaviors, such as head-banging, throwing furniture or attacking teachers or classmates. The center has continued to use the shock devices under a decades-old legal settlement with the state of Massachusetts, but needs court approval before beginning use on each resident.School officials said in a statement they plan to challenge the government ban in court. A parents’ group also defended the practice and said it would fight the ban.“FDA made a decision based on politics, not facts, to deny this life saving, court-approved treatment,” the school said. Electric shocks and other painful or unpleasant treatments known as “aversive conditioning” were more widely accepted decades ago. But mainstream psychiatry now relies on behavioral modification, prescription drugs and other therapies that have proven more effective.“Through advancements in medical science, there are now more treatment options available to reduce or stop self-injurious or aggressive behavior,” said Dr. William Maisel, a director in the FDA’s device center, in a statement.The Rotenberg school has used shock devices carried in students’ backpacks, which were attached to their arms and legs via electrodes. School staffers could trigger a two-second shock to a patient’s skin by using a remote controller.Some patients from the Rotenberg center have compared the shocks to a bee sting or worse. The school has faced several lawsuits brought by families who said their children were traumatized by the shocks.Other parents say that the technique is the only thing that prevents violent, sometimes life-threatening behavior in their children.“We will continue to fight to keep our loved ones safe and alive and to retain access to this treatment of last resort which has allowed them to live a productive life,” said members of the Rotenberg’s parents association, in a statement. “There is simply no alternative.” The FDA, echoing psychiatric experts, said that the shock therapy can exacerbate dangerous behaviors and lead to depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Patients have also suffered burns and tissue damage due to the device, the agency said.Regulators said patients should instead receive treatments that focus on eliminating factors that trigger the behaviors or teaching patients coping skills to deal with them. The FDA has only banned two other products in more than 40 years of regulating medical devices -- powdered surgical gloves, which can cause allergic reactions, and fake hair implants, which caused infections and didn’t work. Typically, the FDA addresses safety issues by adding new warning labels or modifying instructions for devices. But the agency concluded that the problems with the shock devices could only be addressed by banning them.___Follow Matthew Perrone on Twitter: @AP_FDAwriter___The Associated Press receives 3717

Getting back into dating later in life can be tough.So, this grandma took a unique approach in finding love again. She let her grandkids set her up on a blind date.It’s all part of AARP’s YouTube dating show, 221

Hundreds of thousands of Americans who rely on the federal food stamp program will lose their benefits under a new Trump administration rule that will tighten work requirements for recipients.The move by the administration is the 242

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