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Tuition bills are coming due, and while millions of students across the country are weighing the risks of going back to college in the middle of a pandemic, the most financially strapped students carry an added burden of dwindling aid.For Americans living in the lowest income brackets, college represents a way up the socioeconomic ladder. But getting there and obtaining a degree is not easy, especially for students without financial means. The Pell Grant has historically removed some of the obstacles for the most at-need students. But alongside the skyrocketing cost of higher education, the federal grant is having less and less of an impact.The Pell Grant is the largest source of postsecondary education grant aid, helping to fund higher education for at-need students since 1973. In its budget proposal for the 2020-21 school year, the U.S. Department of Education anticipated giving Pell Grants to 6.8 million at-need students, to the tune of .6 billion.How much each student qualifies for depends on their expected family contribution, or how much the federal government says they should be able to contribute toward their own education. Those with the most financial need could qualify for the maximum allowable grant amount: ,345 in the 2020-21 academic year.That authorized maximum amount has grown from ,400 in the Pell Grant’s early years. Despite this growth, it has failed to keep pace with the ballooning costs of a college education.In the past 20 years, average tuition and fees at public four-year institutions (the most affordable type conferring bachelor degrees) have more than doubled, to ,440, while maximum Pell Grant awards have only grown 29%. And tuition isn’t everything — room and board, books and living expenses come at an additional cost.As recently as 2002, the most at-need students would nearly be able to cover their entire tuition and fees at these lower-cost institutions by qualifying for the maximum Pell Grant. But now, those qualifying for maximum Pell awards would find it covers just 59%.Not only has the Pell Grant not kept pace with college costs, it hasn’t kept pace with inflation. To have the same buying power as ,400 did in the grant’s early days, the maximum award amount would need to be about ,000 today.Loans likely filling the funding gapAccording to data from the most recent National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 90% of dependent full-time undergraduates from households in the lowest income quartile received a Pell Grant in 2016. Among independent undergraduates in that income bracket, 64% received the grant.State and institutional need-based grants may be picking up some of the slack. State need-based grants went to 27% of all full-time students at public four-year institutions in 2016. Need-based grants from institutions went to 17%. But some 57% of students in this lowest income group took out student loans that year.While the Pell Grant typically accounted for 34% of a low-income undergraduate’s total aid in 2016, loans accounted for 44%.Gone are the days when a student’s job (or jobs) could cover their college costs. When grants and scholarships — free money — aren’t enough to cover the costs of education, those from households without college savings have little choice but to turn to borrowing. But student loan debt can be detrimental to lower-income students. A degree can confer higher earning potential, but for a variety of reasons — some of them financial — students in the lowest income brackets are typically the least likely to graduate, according to data from the U.S. Department of Education.Low-income parents also feeling the stingWhen a dependent student has exhausted grants and federal loan limits themselves, they can tap their parents’ borrowing potential.Parent PLUS loans have been around since 1980, allowing parents to borrow up to the difference between the entire cost of attendance and the aid directly awarded to their student. Borrowers must pass a credit check, but there are no income requirements. As of the second quarter of 2020, these loans account for billion or over 6% of all federal student loans outstanding, according to the Department of Education.In 2016, 11% of dependent full-time students in the lowest income quartile at public four-year institutions benefited from federal parent PLUS loans, according to the NPSAS. That’s compared to just 3% in 1996. These loans typically amounted to ,500 in 2016.Federal PLUS loans come with higher interest rates and fewer repayment options than federal student loans. In the 2020-21 school year, PLUS loans are being offered at 5.3% interest compared with 2.75% for federal undergraduate loans. And should a parent run into difficulties repaying the loans — as they increasingly do, according to an analysis from the Brookings Institution — there is only one income-driven plan available. Income-Contingent Repayment plans lower monthly payments by capping them at a percentage of income, but increase the total amount paid over the life of the loan due to interest and an increased term length.What students can doBarring significant increases in need-based aid or significant decreases in college costs, lower-income students and their parents will often have to continue cobbling together their college funds from a variety of sources.The following tips are applicable for anyone who doesn’t have their entire cost of college covered:Maximize free money. Fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA, on time — every year. It’s how you access federal, state and institutional financial aid. Apply for scholarships every year, and only turn to loans when free money is exhausted.Be strategic about borrowing. Borrow only what’s needed and opt for federal student loans whenever possible. Carefully weigh the risks of borrowing a parent PLUS loan versus a private student loan, should education expenses exceed what you can qualify for.Compare costs across institutions. Don’t commit too quickly — weigh all costs associated with attending various schools, and consider starting your college career at a lower-cost community college.Earn while you learn. Look into the work-study program or a part-time job to earn money while in school.Stay committed. Seek out resources on and off campus to stay engaged and enrolled. Leaving college without the increased earning power of a degree makes student loan debt that much harder to pay off.More From NerdWalletHow a Gap Year Might Haunt You FinanciallyDon’t Wait to Refinance These Student Loans‘Shadow’ Lenders Can Leave College Students in the DarkElizabeth Renter is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: elizabeth@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @elizabethrenter. 6721

VALLEY CENTER (KGTV) - A house of horrors is what owners Brenda and Travis Fox came home to after evicting the founders of HiCaliber Horse Ranch.Stepping out of your car, you smell the manure. "This is appalling," Veterinarian Adrienne Moore said.Moore unearthed a plastic bag in a pile of horse manure with small horse bones. She believes it was a still birth. She found shoulder and rib bones, hair she postulated either from the mane or tail.The HiCaliber Horse Ranch came under scrutiny, accused of buying sickly horses at auction then killing them at the horse ranch. "As far as the eye can see and what we're walking on right now is still the manure pile," Travis Fox said there were five piles six feet deep of manure. In one of the pens, you can see the manure pushed through the fence, spilling into a river.RELATED: Questions of fraud and abuse at prominent horse rescue in San Diego CountyControversial Valley Center horse rescue facing lawsuit, evictionIn the main house, cat poop dumped on the roof, bird poop next to banisters, and windowsills. "[You can see] where the animals were tied and when they were bored chewed on the furniture," Brenda Markstein-Fox said.In the yellow guest house she said they found, "animal feces on all the rugs, and inside here you can see animals chewing up the walls, that means animals were locked into these places and left."RELATED: HiCaliber Horse Rescue receives tax report warning from Attorney General's Office"Walking through you want to cry for what happens here, you get enraged with what these animals have been put through," Moore said.The couple started the eviction in March and were finally able to come in and start the clean up last Thursday, "it smells like death and crap," Travis said."I go back to the, oh I'm sorry," Brenda said, tears welling up in her eyes, "I go back to the joy, that we actually had here, I go back to the gatherings we had here and it's really hard to watch and see this, you almost feel like, oooh, not just taken advantage of." She said they felt violated.RELATED: Controversial Valley Center horse rescue facing lawsuit, evictionShe and her husband called it the Pura Vida Ranch and lived there for 6 years before moving to Nevada. They wanted to make a difference and rented the property not to a bed and breakfast, or AirBnB, but to HiCaliber, hoping the property would be a horse rehabilitation center and special education enrichment facility.Moore opened the "medical" freezer in the horse barn and showed us a horse leg, mutilated chicken and said there used to be a dead bobcat stored in there as well. Throughout each home, alcohol bottles were strewn about. Trash litered every surface. Brenda said the property looks incredibly better compared to a week prior.The couple filed a lawsuit against the founder of HiCaliber for damages. Travis said they are inventorying all the repairs they have to make. The founder of the non-profit said on social media all the damage was normal wear and tear. 3005

Unlike the Democratic Convention, which was largely held virtually throughout the US, most Republican Convention speakers took the podium at Mellon Auditorium in Washington, DC, to make the case for “four more years” of a Donald Trump presidency.The Republicans’ opener appeared, in large part, to be a direct rebuttal to Democrats last week, who were sharp and pointed with their criticism of Trump’s presidency, especially of the coronavirus pandemic.The Republicans also hit Democrats hard on the handling of recent unrest throughout the US.Republicans hit back on coronavirus claimsThe GOP made the case that Democrats downplayed the threat of the coronavirus early on in the pandemic.In a video montage on Monday, an assortment of clips featuring Gov. Andrew Cuomo and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi were aired of them downplaying the threat of the coronavirus.The Republicans called upon nurse Amy Johnson Ford to make the case that Trump acted quickly, saving lives.“Let me be clear, as a health care professional, I can tell you without hesitation, Donald Trump’s quick action and leadership saved thousands of lives during COVID-19,” she said.Although President Donald Trump ordered most non-essential travel to cease between China and America, Democrats claim that the president did not further prepare the United States for the effects of the coronavirus. Also, Trump, on a number of occasions in February and into March, claimed that the coronavirus would go away. But Trump’s tone has changed in recent months.On Monday, Trump invited a number of first responders to the White House to be honored as part of the Republican Convention.Trump praises Erdogan to American imprisoned by TurkeyA pre-recorded segment featured Americans who were imprisoned and released by foreign governments. As part of the segment, Trump welcomed six now released Americans who spent time in foreign prisons.One of those sitting alongside Trump was Andrew Brunson, an American pastor who was imprisoned in Turkey.Brunson was imprisoned in Turkey from October 2016 through October 2018, accused of spying.Trump credited his relationship with the Turkish president for Brunson’s release."To me, President Erdogan was very good,” Trump said. “And I know they had you scheduled for a long time, and you were a very innocent person, and he ultimately after we had a few conversations he agreed so we appreciate that."Trump earns a Democrat’s supportOn the same day Biden had nearly two dozen former GOP members of Congress endorse his candidacy, the RNC featured a Democratic state legislator who is putting his support behind Trump.State Rep. Vernon Jones outlined why he supports Trump, and turned his back on his own party.“The Democratic Party does not want Black people to leave the mental Plantation they've had us on for decades,” Jones said. “But I have news for them: We are free people with free minds. I am part of a large and growing segment of the Black community who are independent thinkers. And we believe that Donald Trump is the President that America needs to lead us forward.”Jones hit both Biden and former President Barack Obama for failing to address prison reform, an issue that Trump garnered bipartisan support.“He delivered historic criminal justice reform,” Jones said. “He ended -- once and for all -- the policy of mass incarceration of Black people, which has decimated our communities."While Jones was the only notable Democrat to speak on Trump’s behalf on Monday, Biden garnered the support of a number of Republicans who spoke on Night 1 of the Democratic National Convention. Among them was former Ohio Gov. John Kasich, who ran against Trump in 2016 in the Republican primary.Parkland father credits Trump’s response to shootingA week after former Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School student Emma Gonzalez made a plea to gun control in her Democratic National Convention speech, Andrew Pollack hit back. Pollack’s daughter died in the 2018 massacre in Parkland, Florida.Pollack said that “gun control laws didn’t fail my daughter, people did.”“The gunman had threatened to kill his classmates before; he had threatened to rape them; he had threatened to shoot up the school,” Pollack responded. “Every red flag you can imagine. But the school didn’t just miss these red flags—they knowingly ignored them.”Pollack then went on to blame Democrats, and said that restorative justice programs was a reason the massacre took place.In a university study funded by the Department of Justice, researchers said they found promising findings on restorative justice programs as a way to reduce criminal behavior, but that more research was needed on the subject. 4680

Uber and Lyft are pushing a proposition this November they say is vital to their survival in California.And the ads are already starting. At issue is Proposition 22, which would carve an exemption into state law to allow the rideshare companies to continue employing drivers as independent contractors. Otherwise, they would have to reclassify the drivers as employees, guaranteeing them a swath of rights and protections, as mandated by Assembly Bill 5, which the state passed in 2019. Prop 22 would allow the rideshare companies to continue employing drivers as independent contractors, but guarantees them a minimum pay and also money for health insurance once they work a certain number of hours. "I only do this because it fits my lifestyle and what I do," said Chelsea Scott, a San Diego musician who drives for Uber and Lyft. "We're not getting benefits. We don't get any of those things, and I knew that coming into this. This wasn't a trick of any kind."Uber, Lyft, and Doordash released a new 30-second television ad that makes claims about the timing and impact of the law. First, it says California politicians passed AB 5 amid skyrocketing unemployment. Truth be told, the bill was signed into law in September 2019, before the coronavirus was even discovered. At the time, the state's unemployment rate was 4.2%. In August, it was 13.3%.However, the ad follows that with a key point, under AB 5, it will be illegal for rideshare drivers to operate as independent contractors in California. The narrator says that is "threatening to shut down rideshare and food delivery services." Truth be told, AB 5 does not shut down the services, but the services themselves could make the decision to shut down, which Uber and Lyft threatened to do in California last month after a court decision did not go in their favor. San Diego employment attorney Dan Eaton says overall the core point of the ad stands that jobs could be cut."They're saying, 'All right, fine, don't do this, but then don't complain when Uber and Lyft pull out of California,'" he said. The ad says Prop 22 "protects" drivers' abilities to work as independent contractors and saves critical jobs. For voters, however, it's all about whether they see being an independent contractor as protection in and of itself. 2296

Twenty-three and a college graduate, Angela Pennella's life was just beginning. But a split-second moment marked the beginning of a life forever changed."It was a day I didn't see coming," said Pennella. "There was a lot of emotion. I was angry, really sad. I lost most of my 20s from that day that was almost fatal."She was five minutes away from home when a reckless driver crossed the double yellow lines going 55 MPH in a 35-MPH zone, hitting her head-on."I don't remember much of that day at all, but that's the day that really changed my life," said Pennella.She was cut out of the vehicle and flown to the hospital with a lacerated liver, punctured lung, and four broken ribs, ultimately receiving over 1,000 stitches to her face and body. But it's the injury you can't see that lives with her 18 years later."The brain is this powerful tool, so beautiful. But it can also really get you down and bring you to a place that isn't who you are," said Pennella,She suffered a severe brain injury and had to re-learn how to talk again. Today, she still struggles with memory problems and mental exhaustion after everyday tasks."Once the brain is injured, it is hard to reverse that injury," said Ian Grover, medical director for the Hyperbaric and Wound Care Center at UC San Diego Medical Center.Researchers at UC San Diego Health have joined a national research study called Hyperbaric Oxygen Brain Injury Treatment (HOBIT) to assess whether the approach might also benefit patients with severe brain injuries."Because there's such time urgency, we need to get patients identified, stabilized, and get them into that hyperbaric chamber within eight hours," said Todd Costantini, the trauma medical director at UC San Diego Health. Traditionally used to treat wounds and decompression sickness in divers, patients in a hyperbaric oxygen chamber receive 100 percent oxygen in a pressurized room."The theory is that the hyperbaric oxygen will one, decrease swelling of the brain after it's been injured. And number two, it will deliver oxygen to the injured tissue," Costantini said.It's the first time this therapy is being used to treat patients in the hours after injury. Because they may still be unconscious, the study required special permission from the FDA. Participating hospitals are doing outreach to inform and educate their communities on the research."In medicine, we’ve made a lot of progress treating cancer, sepsis, those kinds of things. But in the last 20-30 years, we haven’t made significant improvement in the treatment of traumatic brain injuries,” said Grover.Because of cost and the staff required to operate this equipment; chambers are disappearing from centers nationwide. But with a brain injury occurring every 15 seconds in the United States, doctors at the participating hospitals hope the study’s results will be enough to bring the chambers back."Just to see how it would've reduced the inflammation, maybe I wouldn't have been in the ICU as long, or gained consciousness back faster," said Pennella, after learning about the research.Pennella is now an advocate, helping other brain injury survivors cope through the San Diego Brain Injury Foundation, where she is also on the board of directors. "After I went through my injury and recovery, I knew I wanted to do inspirational speaking and writing anyway that I could to just share my story to bring hope," said Pennella.Meditation, prayer, exercise, and gratitude journaling have been instrumental in her recovery. Pennella consistently practices cognitive fitness to help keep her memory fresh."If you think you can, you're halfway there," said Pennella. 3653