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WASHINGTON, July 26 (Xinhua) -- The District of Columbia Department of Health (DOH) in the U.S. announced Tuesday that it has positively identified the West Nile Virus in mosquito samples in the District.This is the first time this summer the West Nile Virus has been identified in the U.S. capital."Residents should take caution as mosquitoes have the potential to transmit West Nile Virus to humans, and it is important for residents to take the necessary steps to avoid contracting the virus," DOH said in a statement.West Nile Virus is mainly an infection of birds, but on occasions an infected mosquito may spread it to humans. The virus is not transmitted directly from birds to humans and the risk of infection is low. In human infections, the virus generally causes no symptoms, or may cause mild flu-like symptoms.Senior citizens and people with weak immune systems are considered high risk for suffering the worst from the disease, officials said."People with a higher risk of infection should wear long- sleeved shirts, long pants, and apply insect repellent with DEET or other mosquito repellents to exposed skin according to manufacturer's directions. For children, they should use a product with DEET concentration of less than 30 percent," DOH said.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 18 (Xinhua) -- Black scientists were significantly less likely than their white counterparts to receive research funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), according to an analysis of data from 2000 to 2006.University of Kansas Professor of Economics Donna Ginther was the lead author on the study commissioned by the NIH, which will appear Friday in journal Science.The researchers found a 10 percentage point gap in research funding -- even after taking into consideration demographics, education and training, employer characteristics, NIH experience and research productivity. For example, for every 100 grants submitted to NIH, 30 grants from white applicants were funded, compared to 20 grants for black applicants.Applications for NIH funding go through peer review that considers the significance, innovation and approach of grant applications, the investigator(s) and the research environment. About half of the applications are determined to be worth scoring. Among those scored, budgets and NIH Institutes priorities determine which applications are funded. Priorities can vary by year and by Institute.The study found that applications from black researchers were less likely to be scored and on average had worse scores. After controlling for the score of the grant, there were no race or ethnicity differences in funding.Applicants self-identify race, ethnicity and gender, but that information is not available during the peer review. However, biographical facts that are included in the review materials can provide clues to the identity of the applicants.The research suggests it is possible that cumulative advantage may explain the funding differences."Small differences in access to research resources and mentoring during training or at the beginning of a career may accumulate to become large between-group differences," the paper says.Additionally, the paper suggests further research is needed to determine why black researchers are less likely to be funded.NIH Director Francis Collins and Principal Deputy Director Lawrence Tabak call the findings unacceptable and commit to immediate action by the NIH."NIH commissioned this study because we want to learn more about the challenges facing the scientific community and address them head on. The results of this study are disturbing and disheartening, and we are committed to taking action," said Collins in an accompanying commentary. "The strength of the U.S. scientific enterprise depends upon our ability to recruit and retain the brightest minds, regardless of race or ethnicity. This study shows that we still have a long way to go."NIH initiated the study in 2008 to determine if researchers of different races and ethnicities with similar research records and affiliations had similar likelihoods of being awarded a new NIH research project grant.

HOHHOT, Aug. 27 (Xinhua) -- A 5,000-year old rock carving in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region depicts a falling meteor, said archaeologists on Saturday.A rock on the side of Dahei Mountain in the city of Chifeng has images of people, domed houses and a fire ball with a long tail falling from the sky engraved on it, said Wu Jiacai, head of the Inner Mongolia rock paintings protection association."I believe it shows prehistoric people returning at dusk from a hunting trip to their domed houses, as a meteor falls from the sky," Wu shared his findings at the 6th Hongshan Cultural Forum that runs from August 25 to 27.He added that in the same location several years ago, another set of carvings were found showing people fleeing, snakes slithering and birds flying away, which might be what happened after the meteor hit the earth.The area has about 1000 carvings all believed to be made by the Neolithic Hongshan people, Wu said."The pictures can shed some light on the disappearance of the Hongshan culture, which was quite developed," Wu said.

YANGON, July 10 (Xinhua) -- Myanmar is projecting to build the first-ever liver transplant hospital in line with the international standard, the local weekly Voice reported Sunday.With the technological help of the Changi General Hospital of Singapore, a 40-million-U.S dollar worth private hospital has started building since late last month.The hospital will offer services for the patients living with heart and kidney diseases and for protection from being affected Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA), the report said.In Myanmar, liver transplant will cost about 20 million Kyats ( 25,000 U.S. dollars), lesser than other countries, the report added.Myanmar experts carried out successful liver-transplant operation in 2004 for the first time and in 2009 for the second time.

concerned about weaker economic growth being a reality for most advanced economies."Further mis-steps from European and US policymakers risk converting the cracks in their economies into a much deeper global system crisis which would have worrying economic and?social consequences," he warned.But Smith, whose bank is focusing on Asia to drive profit growth, remains optimistic for the outlook in the Asia-Pacific region.He said that the fact is that Australia is incredibly well positioned because of the nation's linkage to Asia, which remains the best performing part of the global economy.His comments came after ANZ reported a 1.45 billion U.S. dollars underlying profit for the June quarter, up 1.3 percent compared to the March quarter.