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BEIJING, Oct. 26 -- Delegations from more than 84 countries and regions will participate the ITD conference Monday, and a host of international experts from governments, the private sector and academia will make presentations and lead discussions on this important topic.     The ITD is a cooperative venture formed in 2002 and comprised of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Commission and the UK Department for International Development.     Its purpose is to foster dialogue on important topics in tax policy and administration and to function as a disseminator and repository of information on matters of interest in taxation around the world, through its website, www.itdweb.org.     The IMF attaches great importance to its role as a founding member of the ITD. Recent events in the world economy have made even clearer the necessity of international cooperation and sharing experience in economic matters, and this is the very purpose, which the ITD serves.     The topic of this conference is a timely and critical one. The world has been reminded recently and forcefully of the great importance of the financial sector for macroeconomic stability, growth, and development goals. The sector plays a critical intermediating function - without it credit could not exist, capital could not be channeled to useful purposes and risks could not be managed.     The conference will take place against the background of the worst financial and economic crisis to strike the world in three generations, and, while taxation was not itself the cause of the crisis, elements of the tax system are relevant to its background and resolution.     Most tax systems embody incentives for corporations, financial institutions and in some cases individuals to use debt rather than equity finance.     This is likely to have contributed to the crisis by leading to higher levels of debt than would otherwise have existed - even though there were no obvious tax changes that would explain rapid increases in debt. Tax distortions may also have encouraged the development of complex and opaque financial instruments and structures, including through extensive use of low-tax jurisdictions - which in turn contributed to the difficulty of identifying true levels of risk.     The magnitude of the fiscal challenges facing the world economy is greater than at any other time since World War II.     Estimates done by IMF staff on the fiscal adjustment necessary to bring government debt-to-GDP ratios down to 60 percent by 2030 - over 20 years hence - show a gap in the cyclically adjusted primary balances of some 8 percentage points of GDP in advanced economies to be closed between 2010 and 2020.     This cannot all be accomplished by expenditure reduction. New, or increased, sources of revenue will need to be found, on average perhaps 3 percentage points of GDP. While improvements in compliance and administration could account for some of that gap, it will be necessary to adjust tax policies to a degree not hitherto seen on a wide scale.     Although the world economy remains weak with downside risks and much hardship remain, signs of improvement are thankfully now visible.     This is an opportune juncture, therefore, to begin the work of planning countries' exits from the deteriorated fiscal positions developed in response to the crisis, and to give thought to questions raised by the performance of the financial sector in triggering the crisis.     What role can better tax policies and administration play in preventing a recurrence of this costly episode in economic history?     The financial sector has been, and must continue to be, a critical link in the development of the world's economies. The sector has played a key role in accelerating the development of the emerging markets - many of which, prior to this most recent episode, had grown able to tap the world's financial resources at an increasing rate unparalleled in history.     And for the world's most vulnerable economies, continued financial deepening will be absolutely necessary to permit them to meet their development goals. The upcoming conference will consider the role of taxation in both the industrial and developing countries with respect to these goals.     The conference will address not only the role of the financial sector as a source of revenue itself, and its broader role in the development and growth of the world economy, but also its function in assisting in administration of the tax system-through information reporting, collection of tax payments, and withholding.     This latter role will become ever more important with growing international cooperation in fighting tax evasion and avoidance.     Finally, we must not lose sight of the main function of the tax system - to raise revenue in an economically efficient, non-distortionary, and administratively feasible manner.     Even fully recognizing the existence of both market failures and policy-induced vulnerabilities, including those that contributed to this crisis, it is important to avoid accidentally introducing distortions through the tax system that may prove worse than the evils they are intended to remedy.     "Neutrality" of taxation of the financial sector in this sense is a benchmark against which deviations from this objective may be measured and judged.     One must ask whether any proposed interventions are targeted at a recognized externality or existing distortion, and, if so, whether the proposed action is the most appropriate response. And the multilateral institutions, in particular, must look to the effects which the financial sector and its taxation may have not only on the world's highly developed economies-those with the greatest depth of financial intermediation-but at the effects, direct and indirect, on the world's developing nations.     International cooperation on these matters will be critical to making improvements that will benefit all of us. This week's important event, hosted by the Chinese government and organized by the ITD, is itself a model in this regard.

BEIJING, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- China's top legislator Wu Bangguo has urged northwest China's Gansu Province to blaze a new trail of development in the western region to realize sound and fast economic and social development.     Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), made the call when he was inspecting Gansu Province from Nov. 9 to 14. Wu Bangguo (2nd R front), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and also chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), inspects the Jiuquan Iron and Steel Group in Jiayuguan city of northwest China's Gansu Province, Nov. 11, 2009. Wu Bangguo made a five-day inspection tour in Gansu Province ending Saturday.Wu called for appropriately handling the relationship among maintaining economic development, restructuring and sustainable development.     He urged the province to do a good job in upgrading structure and improving people's livelihoods while maintaining a steady and relatively fast economic development.     During his inspection, Wu also called on metallurgical and petrochemical enterprises to take full use of the resources and carry out a new round of technological update focusing on energy conservation and cost reduction. Wu Bangguo (3rd L front), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and also chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), inspects the Hua Tian Microelectronics Group in Tianshui city of northwest China's Gansu Province, Nov. 11, 2009. Wu Bangguo made a five-day inspection tour in Gansu Province ending Saturday.Wu said that development of new energy and clean energy, including wind power, solar power and nuclear power, would become new points of economic growth. They are also important measures in addressing climate change and guaranteeing energy security, he added.     In addition, Wu stressed that importance should be attached to affairs concerning people's livelihoods, social undertakings, consolidating ethnic unity and promoting social stability.

BEIJING, Oct. 30 (Xinhua) -- China's central government launched 20 venture capital funds with seven local governments on Friday to provide investment in the country's high-tech sectors, the top economic planner said in a statement on its web site.     The investment would go to high-tech sectors including the electronic and information sector, biological and pharmaceutical industry, new energy sector and projects related to energy conservation and environmental protection, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) said.     The 20 funds would collect about nine billion yuan (1.31 billion U.S. dollars), of which, one billion yuan was invested by the central government, 1.2 billion yuan by local governments and the rest from private investment, the NDRC said.     The funds were aimed to direct capital into new industries and competitive high-tech enterprises to push forward self-innovation, it said.     The NDRC and the Ministry of Finance signed the agreement with 7 local governments of Beijing, Jilin, Shanghai, Anhui, Hunan, Chongqing and Shenzhen.

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States will more vigorously promote cultural exchanges between the two nations and their people, and send more students to each other's country to study, a joint statement said here on Tuesday.     "The two sides noted the importance of people-to-people and cultural exchanges in fostering closer China-U.S. bilateral relations and therefore agreed in principle to establish a new bilateral mechanism to facilitate these exchanges," the statement said.     In recent years, the number of students studying in each other's country keeps rising. Currently there are nearly 100,000 Chinese students studying in the United States.     "The U.S. will receive more Chinese students and facilitate visa issuance for them," the statement said.     In China, there are about 20,000 American students studying. The United States will launch a new initiative to encourage more American students to study in China. "Over the coming four years, the U.S. will send 100,000 students to China, and the Chinese side welcomed this decision," it said.     China and the U.S. agreed to expedite negotiations to renew in 2010 a cultural exchange accord, and jointly hold the Second China-U.S. Cultural Forum in the United States at an appropriate time, the statement added. 

SINGAPORE, Oct. 23 (Xinhua) -- Chief of General Staff of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) Chen Bingde called on Singapore Deputy Prime Minister and military officials on Friday.     During his meeting with Singapore Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Defense Teo Chee Hean, Chen said that China and Singapore share common strategic interests in economic development and regional security. In recent years, bilateral military relations have made great progress, he said, adding that the two sides have maintained frequent high level visits and improved the communication and cooperation mechanism. Cooperations on staff training, joint military exercises and ship visits have also been fruitful. Singaporean Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Defense Teo Chee Hean (R) meets with visiting Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) Chief of General Staff Chen Bingde in Singapore Oct. 23, 2009Chen, who is also a member of the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China, called on the two sides to further increase communication and extend new cooperation areas to bring the bilateral military relations to a higher level.     Teo Chee Hean said that Singapore cherishes the relationship with China and welcomes China to make positive contribution to regional and international development and security. He said that Singapore is willing to join hands with China to enhance the bilateral relationship and multilateral cooperation. Singaporean Chief of Defense Force Desmond Kuek (R) exchanges gifts with visiting Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) Chief of General Staff Chen Bingde during their meeting in Singapore Oct. 23, 2009Earlier Friday, Chen also met with Singapore Chief of Defense Force Lieutenant-General Desmond Kuek. Kuek said that Singapore is satisfied with the development of bilateral military relations. He said that the two sides should continue visit exchanges and strengthen the cooperation in non-traditional and multilateral security cooperation.     Chen is here on an official visit at the invitation of Desmond Kuek from Oct. 22 to 24.

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