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WASHINGTON, Nov. 18 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday revoked its approval of Avastin for treating the breast cancer after concluding that the drug has not been shown to be safe and effective for that use.Avastin will still remain on the market as an approved treatment for certain types of colon, lung, kidney and brain cancer."After reviewing the available studies it is clear that women who take Avastin for metastatic breast cancer risk potentially life-threatening side effects without proof that the use of Avastin will provide a benefit, in terms of delay in tumor growth, that would justify those risks," FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg said in a statement. "Nor is there evidence that use of Avastin will either help them live longer or improve their quality of life. "Avastin's risks include severe high blood pressure; bleeding and hemorrhaging; heart attack or heart failure; and the development of perforations in different parts of the body such as the nose, stomach, and intestines.Avastin was approved for metastatic breast cancer in February 2008 under the FDA's accelerated approval program, which allows a drug to be approved based on data that are not sufficiently complete to permit full approval. After the approval, the drug's sponsor, Genentech, completed two additional clinical trials and submitted the data from those studies to the FDA. These data showed only a small effect on tumor growth without evidence that patients lived any longer or had a better quality of life compared to taking standard chemotherapy alone -- not enough to outweigh the risk of taking the drug.FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, which is responsible for the approval of this drug, ultimately concluded that the results of these additional studies did not justify continued approval and notified Genentech it was proposing to withdraw approval of the indication.Genentech did not agree with the Center's evaluation of the data and, following the procedures set out in FDA regulations, requested a hearing on the Center's withdrawal proposal, with a decision to be made by the Commissioner. That two-day hearing, which took place June 28-29, included recommendations from the FDA 's Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee, voting 6-0 in favor of withdrawing approval of Avastin's breast cancer indication.

BEIJING, Oct. 10 (Xinhuanet) -- China's small businesses turned to be the first to ring the alarm as the country is walking a fine line between fighting inflation and maintaining growth.Some entrepreneurs have disappeared and others have jumped off buildings almost every week since April in Wenzhou City, an entrepreneurial capital in eastern China's Zhejiang province, Xinhua reported.The sudden disappearance of the business owners has revealed a surprisingly gloomy picture for the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in China.RUNAWAY BOSSESAccording to a Xinhua investigation, at least 80 cash-strapped businesspeople in Wenzhou have skipped town or declared bankruptcy to invalidate more than 10 billion yuan (1.6 billion U.S. dollars) in debt.Just last month, two local entrepreneurs in Wenzhou killed themselves by jumping off the buildings and another broke his leg in a similar suicide attempt.The tragedies in Wenzhou are extreme cases of private SMEs struggling to survive a liquidity crunch amid the country's macro control policies set to curb inflation and cool down the over-heated property market.In Wenzhou, one-fifth of the 360,000 small and mid-sized businesses have stopped operating due to cash shortages, according to the city's council for small and medium-sized enterprises.Of the 855 companies surveyed by the Wenzhou Economic and Information Commission, more than 76 percent said they are almost out of money and are struggling to continue production.But many cash-strapped firms are unable to borrow money from banks, and some have turned to China's underground lending market to pool money from individuals and firms.The steep rates of the informal loans pushed some businesses to the brink of collapse.

BEIJING, Dec. 4 (Xinhua) -- Acclaimed orthopaedic surgeons and experts attending a major conference in Beijing have agreed to build up a platform for international cooperation aiming at jointly coping with medical and social challenges.At the Sixth International Congress of the Chinese Orthopaedic Association (COA) that concluded on Sunday, presidents of more than 80 national and international orthopaedic societies signed a declaration which seeks a model for both developing and developed countries to help reduce medical costs in the aftermath of the global financial crisis.With an aging global population, rapidly rising medical costs have become a heavy financial burden for governments worldwide. Medical insurance cost control has become a hot topic around the world.Bone and joint diseases, infections due to traffic accident traumas and other diseases causing high disability rates have affected millions of people worldwide."One of the objectives of the COA international conference is to provide a platform for medical experts around the world to discuss not only clinical techniques but also medical and social problems," said Professor Wang Yan, chairman of the COA.To fully leverage existing professional knowledge and resources, presidents of orthopaedic organizations attending the conference adopted and released the Beijing Declaration which calls for a platform to enhance global and national collaboration and partnerships among the professions, industries and related patient organizations and disciplines.The declaration also stresses maximizing Internet-based learning and encouraging international exchanges."Worldwide, I have one lament, that we've spent so much money on medical research, but very little on orthopaedics. Most governments are more anxious to fund cancer or infectious diseases," said Professor Michael Huggness, president of the North American Spine Society."We think we're a bit handicapped by not having the money to pursue the research. As we get more sophisticated in our treatment, the price does go up. My expectation is that in another five to 10 years, we'll begin to apply some molecular techniques to assist us in healing. Maybe the price will come down when our knowledge base increases. But I think we'll just have to wait for a bit more research and a bit more basic science.""We definitely will... look into this issue of how we can have a suitably assigned budget from the government for orthopaedic care," said Professor K.M. Chan, from the Prince of Wales Hospital in Hong Kong."At the same time, we use evidence-based medicine to contain the medical cost in orthopaedics with very stringent monitors from the professions. That involves good-practice models, quality insurance and patient safety. With all these, we expect that the profession will be heading forward to join hands with the government to contain the cost."More than 15,000 surgeons, researchers and business representatives from China and abroad are attending the four-day annual conference to share the latest theories and techniques for curing musculoskeletal diseases as well as related social topics.Founded in 1980, the COA now has more than 30,000 registered members and is the largest sub-society of doctors under the Chinese Medical Association. The conference is the largest medical academic event in China.

BEIJING, Nov. 22 (Xinhuanet) -- Women aged 40 to 49 are not recommended for routine mammography screening for breast cancer, said the new guidelines issued by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care in media reports Tuesday.The new guidelines are purposed to direct doctors on using mammography, MRI scans, clinical breast exams and breast self-exams. In principle, they pointed out, there is no need for women to take clinical breast exams and breast self examination if there are no signals for breast cancer.Below are the main points from the guidelines which need special attention from women with reasonable doubt on the matter:Women aged 40-49 who have lower risk for cancer should not take routine mammography because of the higher risk for overdiagnosis, overtreatment and false-positives;Women aged 50 to 69 years and aged 70 to 74 years should go for routine screening every two to three years;And there should be no routine clinical breast exams by doctors and no breast self-exams to screen for breast cancer.Dr. Marcello Tonelli, Chair of the Task Force and Associate Professor at the University of Alberta, remarked: "The main effect of screening is to produce patients with breast cancer from among healthy women who would have remained free of breast disease for the rest of their lives had they not undergone screening.""The best method we have to reduce the risk of breast cancer is to stop the screening program," he added, "This could reduce the risk by one-third in the screened age group, as the level of overdiagnosis in countries with organized screening programs is about 50 percent."

HELSINKI, Nov. 7 (Xinhua) -- A data leak was uncovered in Finland Saturday, in which personal details of around 16,000 people were uploaded onto a file-sharing website, according to Finnish media report on Monday.This act of sabotage is the largest ever of its kind in Finland. The data leak is being looked into by the Finnish National Bureau of Investigation.Anonymous Finland claimed on Monday responsibility for the publication of personal details of thousands of Finns. The group temporarily published a sample of information on 16,000 people as proof of the hack. The hack was motivated by an apparent desire to shame the Finnish government into improving data security.Finnish National Bureau of Investigation has not confirmed the claims that a loose group of hackers known as Anonymous was behind the data leak.The list that was put on the Internet contains the names, full social security numbers, addresses, telephone numbers, street addresses, and email addresses of the victims. Several upper secondary vocational education institutions are on the list, and some civil servants and students of the Police College of Finland are mentioned by name.Finnish police have confirmed that the names of some Finnish Defense Forces staff are on the list. Finnish Defense Forces found out that fewer than 10 of its employees are included, and has informed these people. The military said the leak did not pose a security threat.

来源：资阳报