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BEIJING, Oct. 13 (Xinhuanet) -- Scientists have decoded the genome of Black Death which caused one of the worst plagues in human history.The finding was published Wednesday in the scientific journal Nature.A team of German, Canadian and American scientists collected the bacteria's DNA from ancient plague victims' teeth and bones, which were excavated from the burial ground in London.With a careful NDA comparison between the ancient bacteria and the modern strains, scientists found the direct variant of the medieval bacteria still exist today.Black Death's descendants kill around 2,000 people a year, mostly in the developing world, the scientist said."This will provide us with direct insights into the evolution of human pathogens and historical pandemics," said Johannes Krause Of Germany's University of Tubingen, who worked on the study.Black Death, the fatal plague of medieval Europe, wiped out some 30 million people -- about 50 percent of the population on the continent, within just five years, between 1347 and 1351.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 21 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Wednesday approved Isentress for the treatment of HIV-1 infection for children and adolescents.The drug is part of a class of medications called HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors that works by slowing the spread of HIV in the body. It was first approved for use in adult patients in October 2007, under FDA's accelerated approval program."Many young children and adolescents are living with HIV and this approval provides an important additional option for their treatment," said Edward Cox, director of the Office of Antimicrobial Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.Isentress is a pill that can be taken twice daily, with or without food. The pill is also available in a chewable form. As the two tablet formulations are not interchangeable, the chewable form is only approved for use in children ages 2 to 11.A single, multi-center clinical trial of 96 children and adolescents aged 2-18 years with HIV-1 infection evaluated the safety and effectiveness of Isentress. These patients previously received treatment for HIV-1 infection. After 24 weeks of treatment with Isentress, 53 percent of these patients had an undetectable amount of HIV in their blood.According to the FDA, the most commonly reported severe, treatment-related side effects in patients taking Isentress include trouble sleeping and headache. The frequency of these side effects is similar for children and adults. One pediatric patient reported severe treatment-related insomnia, while another pediatric patient experienced a drug-related skin rash.

JERUSALEM, Jan. 12 (Xinhua) -- An Israeli company has developed a system that scans the brain and provides a three dimensional image of the nerve cell connectivity to treat brain diseases like Alzheimer's or HDHD.The firm ElMindA trademarked a non-invasive system, the BNA ( Brain Network Activation), that helps doctors visualize the connectivity between nerve cells and synchronization that can even measure the severity of the patients condition from one day to another, the Israel21c news site reported on ThursdayBy creating a three-dimensional image of the brain while asking the patients to repeat an activity several times, BNA developers hope this system will become a regular way of diagnosing brain illnesses."Our vision is that every psychiatrist and neurologist in the world will routinely send every patient for BNA tests," said Dr. Eli Zangvil, ElMindA's strategic advisor for business development. "Our test would add information and aid in diagnostics in a way no other existing technology can do," he added.BNA could help doctors find out exactly at what stage of the disease patients and prescribe the exact medication for them."To do that, we must collect a lot of data," Zangvil said. "To say this person has a certain disease or condition, I have to be able to compare their pattern to a normal brain pattern of a person of the same age and gender." he said.Researchers hope to gather the amount of data they need to obtain FDA approval in the U.S. by the end of 2012, and start marketing it to hospitals by 2013.

HONOLULU, United States, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived in Honolulu, Hawaii, on Thursday for the Economic Leaders Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), slated for Saturday and Sunday.At the annual meeting, leaders of the 21-member group will exchange views on economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region, strengthening regional economic integration and expanding trade.They will also consider the promotion of green growth and fostering job creation in green industries, energy security, and expanding regulatory cooperation and advancing regulatory convergence.Chinese President Hu Jintao (C) arrives in Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S., Nov. 10, 2011. Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived in Honolulu, Hawaii, on Thursday for the Economic Leaders Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), slated for Saturday and Sunday.President Hu is expected to speak at the meeting and express his views on the world economic situation and the regional economic situation, Wu Hailong, assistant foreign minister of China, said at a press briefing earlier this week.In his speech, Wu said, the Chinese leader will call for "improving global economic governance, shifting the growth method, promoting economic globalization and regional economic integration."Hu will also explain "China's stand on the issues of free and open trade and investment, green growth, the adjustment of economic structure and regulatory cooperation," Wu said.In Hawaii, Hu will join other APEC leaders in dialogue with the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC).APEC leaders are expected to discuss with ABAC representatives, among other things, regional economic integration, reform of the international monetary system, and food security.The Chinese leader is scheduled to deliver a speech at the APEC CEO summit Saturday.On the sidelines of the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, President Hu will meet U.S. President Barack Obama and other leaders of APEC members."China hopes the meeting will further promote the free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region, push forward economic and technology cooperation, support multilateral trade systems, oppose trade protectionism, so as to inject vitality into world economic recovery and growth," Assistant Commerce Minister Yu Jianhua said at a press briefing earlier this week.APEC is the premier economic forum in the Asia-Pacific region.Since APEC's birth in 1989 it has grown to encompass 21 members spanning four continents, and represents the most economically dynamic region in the world, accounting for approximately 40 percent of the world's population, around 50 percent of world GDP and about 44 percent of world trade.APEC's 21 member economies are Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, China's Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, the Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, the United States and Vietnam.

BEIJING, Oct. 2 (Xinhua) -- Chinese archeologists have found evidence indicating that the mysterious ancient city of Loulan (Kroraina) once had highly-developed agricultural systems.Scientists from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted remote sensing procedures, field investigations and sample testing in the area and found that there were once large tracts of farmlands in Loulan.The farmland featured regular and straight circumferences stretching for 200 to 1,000 meters as well as irrigation ditches running throughout, said Qin Xiaoguang, a member of the research team.Moreover, researchers found grain particles in the area's ground surface, which are very likely to be remains of crop plants, Qin said.These findings show that irrigation farming had been practiced in Loulan for at least 100 years, Qin said.Qin said they also found canal remains measuring 10 to 20 meters wide and 1.6 meters deep in the Loulan relics, indicating that the city, which is suspected of perishing in drought, was once rich in water resources.The ancient city was a pivotal stop along the famous Silk Road, but mysteriously disappeared around the third century AD.Previous historical records suggested that Loulan's economy was sustained by widespread agricultural activity, but no remains or other evidence had been found before the most recent discoveries.

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