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BEIJING, May 30 (Xinhua) -- China's central authorities issued a circular here Saturday urging candidates to practice fair play in direct elections of village heads amid complaints of bribery and other dirty tricks to win votes.     "The villagers' committee election work in some rural areas is not properly conducted as bribery situation is grave and seriously harms the impartiality of election," said the circular jointly issued by the General Office of the State Council and the General Office of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee.     According to the circular, candidates' behaviors must be "strictly regulated". Punishment ranging from disqualification from election, removing current post to criminal penalty will be given to those who try to win votes from villagers with money, violence or intimidation and those who cheat in vote count.     Villagers have the rights to report any improper behaviors of the candidates and such reports should be investigated and managed immediately, the circular said.     "Currently, the country's rural areas are experiencing fresh reform and farmers' ideas are also undergoing deep changes," said the circular." Improving the work of election will help ensure villagers to practise their rights and develop grass-root democracy."     In addition, government organizations at provincial, city, county and township levels should set up special departments to regulate and guarantee the smooth run of village elections.     According to the circular, related organizations are also urged to "carefully" deal with post-election issues, such as auditing the work of former villagers' committees, ensuring former committee members' social welfare and even comforting candidates who lose.     A villagers' committee in China's countryside is a mass organization of self-management comprising local villagers, usually five members that manage village affairs.     China has introduced the practice of self-administration and direct elections at village levels since the Organic Law of Villagers' Committees was enacted in 1988.     The law, which sets out basic principles to ensure democracy at a local level, states that any villager aged 18 years or over has the right to vote or stand as a candidate.

TOKYO, May 27 (Xinhua) -- China's Shanghai has donated 50,000 face masks to Osaka of Japan where a large number of new-flu infections is reported.     The masks arrived at Osaka, Shanghai's "sister city" on Wednesday and will be distributed to local medial facilities in both Osaka city and Osaka prefecture. They are expected to ease the region's shortage of face masks due to the abrupt outbreak of A/H1N1 flu.     Shanghai is the third Chinese city to donate masks to Japan. Earlier, northern city of Tianjin and the southern Guangdong Province also donated masks to their "sister" cities or prefectures in Japan, Kobe city and Hyogo Prefecture respectively.     The number of new-flu infections in Japan came to 364 in 10 prefectures as of Wednesday afternoon, with Wakayama Prefecture joining other western Japan prefectures in reporting an outbreak.     The newly confirmed infection in Wakayama city government is a male company employee in his late 20s. Earlier Wednesday, two children in central Japan's Shizuoka city also were confirmed infected with the flu.

BEIJING, May 21 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao attended the 11th China-EU summit with European leaders in Prague on Wednesday, focusing on bilateral strategic partnership, the global financial crisis and climate change.     The two sides reached a number of consensus at the summit which will play an active role in promoting a sustainable development of bilateral relations in an in-depth and all-around way.     Premier Wen stayed in Prague for a mere of five hours, but needed a 20-hour flight to go forth and back, indicating his sincerity, responsibility and confidence in meeting with the EU leaders.     Sincerity, responsibility and confidence are crucial in pushing forward the comprehensive China-EU strategic partnership, which is the experience drawn from the past and the need of reality.     Under the complex international political and economic situation, the China-EU relations have gone beyond the bilateral scope and bears more international significance.     China and the EU enjoy a solid basis in continuing cooperation and meeting challenges jointly.     Up to now, the two sides have set up more than 50 consultation and dialogue mechanisms covering political, trade, scientific, energy and environmental areas.     It is not worthy that the China-EU trade volume exceeded 425 billion U.S. dollars in 2008 in face of global slump, representing a 19.5-percent growth over the previous year.     At a time when the raging financial storm hit the world, the major tune for bilateral ties should be mutual support.     Just as what EU Commission President Jose Barroso described, China is a "crucial partner" in international efforts to counter global challenges, such as the economic and financial crisis and climate change.     Challenge also generates opportunities while posing danger to the world. When the financial crisis is raging, it also serves as a opportunity for both sides to forge stronger ties.     During the just concluded 11th China-EU summit in Prague, the two sides signed three agreements on cooperation in clean energy, science and technology, and small and medium-sized enterprises.     Wen also announced at the summit that China will send another buying mission to the EU to increase imports from Europe, a pragmatic action of China to fight against protectionism. It also signals Beijing's confidence to jointly tackle the global financial crisis with EU partners.     As the world's largest developing country and the largest bloc of developed nations respectively, China and EU need to develop steadily by clearing obstacles first, thanks to the fact that both sides enjoy huge potential and broad prospects for further cooperation.     EU should recognize China's market economy status as soon as possible, loosen its control over export restrictions on high-techproducts and lift its arms embargo to China, measures which will be conducive to nurturing new growth engines for trade and economic cooperation and expanding fields of cooperation.     Since the first China-EU summit in 1998, the international political and economic situation has experienced profound changes. In this context, the strategic and mutually beneficial partnership between the two sides has been expanded rapidly, further deepened and consolidated.     As the China-EU Summit enters a new decade, it is believed that the China-EU relations will constantly move ahead as long as both sides work together in a forward-looking manner, adhere to the principle of mutual respect, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, take into consideration of each other's core concerns and properly handle sensitive issues to refrain from harming bilateral ties by individual incidents.  

BEIJING, May 3 (Xinhua) -- Decoupling from the world, and the economic downturn much of it is experiencing, has proven impossible for China. But its resilience is receiving more recognition, with many leading financial institutions upgrading their 2009 growth forecasts since mid-April.     The adjustments for gross domestic product (GDP) growth, ranging from 0.5 to 2.3 percentage points, were based on signs of a turnaround in the first quarter. These indicators included stronger-than-expected real GDP growth, recovering property investment, a pick-up in power consumption and a surge in bank lending.     Merrill Lynch & Co. said it expected China's GDP to grow 7.2 percent in the second quarter and 8 percent this year, while Goldman Sachs raised its projection from 6 percent to 8.3 percent, the most optimistic forecast so far. Other forecasts include UBS, which raised its estimate by 0.5 point to 7 percent and CLSA Asia-Pacific, which lifted its outlook by 1.5 point to 7 percent.     China's policymakers can take heart from these forecasts. Every upward revision, big or small, given the global economic slowdown, might point to a better chance for the nation to achieve its 8-percent growth target. That level of growth is considered necessary to raise living standards while maintaining social stability.     But there's still the question of whether rapid growth is sustainable. Some analysts believe it isn't unless China can rebalance its economy and achieve higher efficiency, lower environmental costs and a more reasonable balance among investment, trade and consumption.     QUANTITY OR QUALITY?     In an interview with Xinhua, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, urged Chinese authorities to get more serious about stimulating private consumption because the global economy remains "pretty weak" and might only achieve a weak recovery.     "China has responded to the crisis the way it has always responded to global problems. That is, using proactive fiscal stimulus mainly in the infrastructure area to provide temporary support in the downturn until the global economy comes back. It worked in the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2000-2001 mild recession. But this is a different sort of problem," said Roach.     "Once the stimulus wears off and if there is no follow-through, the Chinese economy will weaken again. I don't think exports will recover in the weak global economy."     Domestic economists voice similar worries, saying that the speed of growth doesn't matter as much as the quality. Liu Shangxi, deputy dean of the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance, said that the 6.1-percent year-on-year growth in the first quarter had been "fairly good" for China. But, he said, "sometimes, it's worth slowing down a bit to have the economy move more stably."     Wang Xiaoguang, an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the chief planning agency. said that the government's annual growth target had become mostly symbolic.     For five years in a row, the target was 8 percent, and for five years in a row, the growth rate overshot the target. Wang said the government had faced a dilemma: a cut in the target might undermine public confidence while a rise might tempt local governments to over-invest to meet a high growth target.     The turnaround signs mostly reflected the impact of the 4-trillion-yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package. Meanwhile, retail sales still trailed investment in contributing to growth. Local economists warned that the economy remained unbalanced and vulnerable.     "Historical records show that adjustments in the Chinese economy would take two to three years, on average. Seven months have passed since the impact of the global financial crisis began to tell on the local economy.     "With a turnaround in sight, recovery might come earlier than expected but there are still risks of a further slowdown," Chen Dongqi, deputy chief of the Macro-Economic Research Institute under the NDRC, told a business development forum in Guangdong in late April.     BUYING CURE     It's widely accepted among economists that China should boost domestic private consumption by leading individuals to buy more and save less. The key question is: how?     "Two big programs" Roach advocates call for doubling the investment in social security immediately to 150 billion U.S. dollars and establishing a goal of raising consumption as a share of the economy from 36 percent to 50 percent within five years.     "What I think is missing here is the social safety net, social security pension and unemployment insurance. Because of the absence of the safety net, China has seen a high level of precautionary saving," he said.     Roach suggested that China develop a private pension system in particular so total employee compensation could rise in tandem with productivity. "Chinese companies need to partner with their workers and provide medical care [and] retirement investing for their workforce. Chinese workers' total pay package should have both wages and benefits," he said.     Liu agreed that the primary task in expanding consumption was to raise incomes. "Securing the legitimate interests of workers is particularly significant when the economy slumps. It would be like drinking poison to quench one's thirst if businesses sought to expand corporate earnings at the cost of workers' pay and benefits," he said.     Low labor costs and massive capacity have propped up China's prosperity over the past decades. But the proportion of wages to national income has been on a long decline since the 1990s.     Between 2002 and 2006 alone, economists estimate the figure dropped from 62.1 percent to 57.1 percent. Meanwhile, the contribution of consumption to GDP growth fell from 43.6 percent to 38.9 percent.     "A more meaningful index to judge the sustainability of China's economic growth would be the proportion of wages to national income," Liu said. "If this ratio did not rise, people would remain poor, and thus expanding consumption would be empty talk."     Chinese are far from wealthy. Only 4 percent of the workforce, and just 10 percent of the urban workforce, earn more than 2,000 yuan a month, the threshold for individual income tax.     As Chinese residents hold 2.43 trillion yuan in aggregate deposits, economists say one immediate way to boost consumption would be to stabilize spending on staple property -- including housing and automobiles -- and support tourism and cultural activities.     "People spend much of their money on housing and food. The government should encourage people to entertain themselves more," Wang said.     CHINA 'NO LOCOMOTIVE'     Although China might be the first major economy to recover from the downturn, economists disagree on when China will return to sustained high growth.     Morgan Stanley, for example, has forecast a firm recovery by mid-year, but said sustainable growth through 2010 would still hinge on what happens in other countries.     "China will be stronger. But will that strength be enough to allow others to follow in its footsteps? I don't think so," said Roach.     "Most of China's resilience comes from infrastructure building, roads, property consumption ... [this] won't have an impact on the United States and Europe. This resilience is only temporary while its stimulus is local rather than global."     Central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan also warned in late April during World Bank-IMF meetings in Washington that the rebound in China's economy had to be consolidated. He said conditions in China would permit rapid economic development again, once macroeconomic policies such as the stimulus plan took effect.     Challenging internal and external conditions, he said, included continuously shrinking external demand, a relatively large decline in exports, overcapacity in some industries, falling government revenue and lingering employment pressure.     As China emerges from the shadow of the downturn, together with many of its Western partners, the world is closely watching the socialist market economy that it is still trying to develop.     It was interesting to see that there was much "the ideologically-constrained West" could learn from China, just as there was much China could learn from the West, said Roach.     "China has gone slow in many areas, especially in the opening up of its financial market. But China made the right choice," he said.     "Focusing on stability is a huge plus for China. But the nation must be vigilant in its financial policies, especially monetary and regulatory policies, and not allow asset bubbles and financial innovations it doesn't understand," said Roach.

BEIJING, April 29 (Xinhua) -- A senior official of China's Ministry of Commerce (MOC) said Wednesday that China might organize another procurement delegation to Europe, and France might also be one possible stop on the delegation's tour.     Wu Xilin, head of the outward investment and economic cooperation department of the MOC, told reporters Wednesday that the exact time and countries to visit were under discussion.     Chen Deming, China's Commerce Minister, led a Chinese buying team to visit Germany, Switzerland, Spain and Britain this February.     Procurement agreements worth more than 13 billion U.S. dollars were signed during the trip.