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XI'AN, Nov. 20 (Xinhua) -- Fish in Hongjiannao Lake, China's largest desert freshwater lake, are teetering on the verge of extinction, according to local fishery authorities."The fish in Hongjiannao have nearly vanished," said Li Weiping, the head of a fish monitoring station in northwest China's Shaanxi province.As the lake continues to shrink, its water has become more salty and its pH reading has reached 9.6, while the maximum reading suitable for fish is 8.5, according to Li.The lake has gradually lost the water that it used to get from underground streams and rivers, Li said, adding that excessive coal mining around the lake has changed the way water flows underground. Two reservoirs have been built on two rivers near the upper reaches of the lake, preventing river water from flowing into the lake.The lake's water level has plunged by 20 to 30 centimeters every year. Its total surface area has been reduced to 41.8 square km, down from 67 km in 1996.

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- The United States Patent and Trademark Office on Thursday published a patent application from Apple related to face and presence detection for iOS devices, which is expected to be one of the next chapters for mobile security.According to AppleInsider, a news and rumor website focusing on Apple, the patent is entitled "low threshold face recognition" which is a low-computation solution for quickly and accurately recognizing a user on iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch and MacBook.Patently Apple, a blog focusing on Apple's latest intellectual properties, said that iOS devices would acknowledge the presence of the potential user by turning on the display and then trigger a subsequent process for recognizing the potential user's face.Currently, most face recognition systems tend to be robust ones working in various lighting conditions, orientations, scale and etc., which will require computing resources and drain battery life. There are also security-type face recognition systems working under controlled lighting conditions which could be ineffective due to factors like proximity of the user to the camera.Google's latest Android 4.0 operating system, codenamed Ice Cream Sandwich, already features face detection. But it is reported that the feature doesn't always work and can be bypassed by using a photograph of the phone's owner.Apple's solution would reduce the impact of lighting conditions and biometric distortions on an image, said AppleInsider, citing the filing. Apple said it would rely on a "high information portion" of a human face, such as eyes, mouth or the tip of a user 's nose.The "likely presence" of a human face in front of the camera would be captured through an "orange-distance filter" which would also be used to detect the potential user's skin tone and measure the distance of their face from the camera.Meanwhile, iOS devices could also be set to recognize faces of multiple users, presenting each user with a personalized configuration.According to AppleInsider, the patent application was first filed by Apple in June, 2009.Analysts said that the proposed technology could be Apple's next big innovation as it has record of redesign and give its unique appeal to products that have not caught on with the general public.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- NASA's Kepler mission has confirmed its first planet in the "habitable zone," a region where liquid water could exist on a planet's surface, the U.S. space agency announced on Monday.The newly-confirmed planet, Kepler-22b, is the smallest yet found to orbit in the middle of the habitable zone of a star similar to Sun. The planet is about 2.4 times the radius of Earth. Scientists don't yet know if Kepler-22b has a predominantly rocky, gaseous or liquid composition, but its discovery is a step closer to finding Earth-like planets.Previous research hinted at the existence of near-Earth-size planets in habitable zones, but clear confirmation proved elusive. Two other small planets orbiting stars smaller and cooler than Sun recently were confirmed on the very edges of the habitable zone, with orbits more closely resembling those of Venus and Mars.Kepler-22's star is a bit smaller than our sun, so its habitable zone is slightly closer in. The diagram shows an artist's rendering of the planet comfortably orbiting within the habitable zone, similar to where Earth circles the sun. Kepler-22b has a yearly orbit of 289 days. The planet is the smallest known to orbit in the middle of the habitable zone of a sun-like star. It's about 2.4 times the size of Earth."This is a major milestone on the road to finding Earth's twin, " said Douglas Hudgins, Kepler program scientist at the NASA Headquarters in Washington. "Kepler's results continue to demonstrate the importance of NASA's science missions, which aim to answer some of the biggest questions about our place in the universe."Kepler discovers planets and planet candidates by measuring dips in the brightness of more than 150,000 stars to search for planets that cross in front, or "transit," the stars. Kepler requires at least three transits to verify a signal as a planet."Fortune smiled upon us with the detection of this planet," said William Borucki, Kepler principal investigator at the NASA Ames Research Center who led the team that discovered Kepler-22b. "The first transit was captured just three days after we declared the spacecraft operationally ready. We witnessed the defining third transit over the 2010 holiday season."The Kepler science team uses ground-based telescopes and the Spitzer Space Telescope to review observations on planet candidates the spacecraft finds. The star field that Kepler observes in the constellations Cygnus and Lyra can only be seen from ground-based observatories in spring through early fall. The data from these other observations help determine which candidates can be validated as planets.Kepler-22b is located 600 light years away. While the planet is larger than Earth, its orbit of 290 days around a Sun-like star resembles that of Earth. The planet's host star belongs to the same class as Sun, called G-type, although it is slightly smaller and cooler.Of the 54 habitable-zone planet candidates reported in February 2011, Kepler-22b is the first to be confirmed. This finding will be published in The Astrophysical Journal.

SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- Apple on Monday released a new version of its media player program iTunes, adding the much- anticipated scan-and-match service for music iTunes Match.The feature, included in iTunes 10.5.1, can scan a user's library to find music and match the content to the music available in iTunes Store. If it finds a match, users don't need to upload the music and can listen to them anywhere, even better-quality versions, on any devices running Apple's iOS operating system. Music that doesn't match is automatically uploaded.With a subscription fee of 24.99 U.S. dollars a year, users can store up to 25,000 of their own songs in Apple's cloud server. The iTunes Match is currently only available in the United States.Subscriptions for iTunes Match are unavailable for a while Monday morning due to excessive demand.The iTunes Match was first introduced in June along with Apple' s iCloud platform, the company's cloud service enabling users to sync their files, apps and content among Apple devices.Unlike Google and Amazon, Apple got the official blessings from all four major music labels, making the company only need to keep one copy of each song in its cloud server, eliminating the uploading work for users and redundancies for servers.When Apple's late co-founder Steve Jobs introduced the feature in his last keynote address in June, he touted the feature as "an industry leading effort," saying that the 24.99-dollar price is cheaper than Amazon's offering and Google has not announced a price yet.The release is also ahead of Google's latest music push. In an email invitation sent out last Friday, the search giant said it will hold an event called "These Go To Eleven" on Wednesday in Los Angeles. Tech news website The Verge reported that it will be the debut of the company's cloud music service Google Music.

BEIJING, Dec. 23 (Xinhua) -- The personal information of more than 6 million Internet users on CSDN, or China Software Developer Network, the country's largest programmers' website, was leaked by hackers, raising concerns about web security and triggering widespread panic.The leak was first exposed by China's leading anti-virus software provider, Beijing-based Qihoo 360, on Wednesday. The company said the leak included user IDs, passwords and e-mail addresses in clear text.The hacking case escalated on Thursday after the personal details of subscribers to more websites, including popular online gaming and social networking sites, were leaked.Online media reports said the personal data of up to 50 million Internet users has been leaked so far, but the number could not be independently verified.In response, the National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China (CNCERT/CC) issued a statement Thursday, saying the CSDN's user data bank that leaked on the Internet was created before April 2009 and the passwords were stored in clear text, but the passwords had been encrypted after the data bank was upgraded in April 2009."Therefore, similar security problems have not been found in the newest user data bank," the statement said.Technical experts are investigating how many websites and users were actually involved in the hacking case, said Zhou Yonglin, director of the CNCERT/CC Operating Department."False information and exaggerations cannot be ruled out," he said.Nevertheless, CNCERT/CC has ordered CSDN to take immediate action in repairing the system hazards and providing users with timely security solutions.Computer security experts at Qihoo 360 believe the leak has spread to other websites."Many Internet users have registered the same passwords for their e-mail, microblog, online gaming and online payment accounts, so, if the server of one of the websites is hacked, their accounts and passwords on other websites would also be stolen," said Qihoo 360's Dr. Shi Xiaohong.Police authorities in Beijing told Xinhua on Friday that an investigation has been launched.WEB SECURITY IN QUESTIONDisgruntled Internet users in China rushed to change their passwords after the leak occurred, the largest of its kind in the history of China's Internet development."It is very annoying. I had to spend almost an hour changing the passwords of all my online accounts, especially those for payment accounts," said Li Xing, a white-collar worker at a technical company in Beijing.