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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- We’ve known for a while that COVID-19 hits people over 65 especially hard, but a study published Wednesday from researchers in San Diego offers new insight into why that happens.The numbers are staggering: if you’re 65 or older, your risk of winding up in the hospital from COVID-19 is five to 11 times higher than someone under 30. Your risk of death is at least 90 times higher, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Researchers at the La Jolla Institute for Immunology say the reason why older people fare so much worse appears to be from a lack of T-cells, a type of white blood cell that can decline with age.“Some viruses get controlled by one part of the immune system. Some viruses get controlled by another. In this case it seems that T-cells really do a lot of the work,” said Dr. Shane Crotty, one of the authors of the study published Wednesday in the journal Cell.Dr. Crotty and his colleagues looked at 50 people infected with the virus, and they measured the three elements of the adaptive immune system in detail: antibodies, helper T-cells and killer T-cells.Then they compared the measurements to how people fared against the virus. Some patients in the study group had severe cases, others had mild infections.The researchers found that people with all three branches of the adaptive immune system tended to fully recover. People with severe cases of the virus often lacked one or more of the immune branches, and it was particularly evident in older people.“Our data indicated that of the older individuals, it was particularly the ones that had fewer T-cells to start that look like they really struggled to control this virus,” Dr. Crotty said.As we age, we have fewer T-cells to send after invading pathogens. “That collection of T-cells gets smaller. So it’s harder to recognize a new virus,” Crotty said.Among the 748 deaths in San Diego County reported as of Wednesday, 87% were people aged 60 and older.The findings from LJI may have implications in the search for a vaccine against COVID-19. The data suggests that vaccine-makers may want to target a drug that elicits all three branches of the immune response, Dr. Crotty said. Some vaccine approaches, such as inactivated virus vaccines, only elicit two of three branches, not killer T-cells. However, Crotty said it was too soon to rule any candidates. Two strong branches produced by a vaccine could potentially cover for the lack of a third, he said.Crotty said the findings could help vaccine-makers interpret results from the clinical trials and find the right dosing.“Is a given vaccine a good vaccine, and you just need a booster immunization?” he said. “Does it work well in one population but it doesn’t help in the elderly because it doesn’t generate a T-cell response, for example? Those are the scenarios when this type of knowledge will come into play.” 2906
SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Westview High School officials Wednesday scrambled to cover up offensive graffiti painted prominently on campus overnight.A custodian discovered the graffiti over a "W" in the center of campus "defaced with graffiti containing offensive symbols and language," according to Westview Principal Tina Ziegler.The graffiti was described to 10News reporter Steve Fiorina as depicting several swastikas, sexual and crude language, profanities, and obscene drawings.In a letter to parents, Ziegler said campus security and custodians worked quickly to prevent students' exposure to the graffiti: 639

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — You may have seen signs in front of businesses asking customers for card transactions or cash only with exact change. That's because the coronavirus pandemic is causing a national coin shortage.Money is money. But right now, paper is not as valuable as metal for Pacific Beach resident, Michele Pagnano."I go through a good amount of change on a regular basis," Pagnano said.He uses his apartment complex's coin laundry about three to four times a week. So when he was running low on coins, he headed to the bank, like he always does."Three weeks ago, I was at Wells Fargo," Pagnano said. "I wanted to get worth [of quarters] so that it could hold me over for a couple of weeks. And the teller says she could only give me . I went around to a few more banks, and they all had that same practice in place."There's a reason for that. The Federal Reserve says there is a coin shortage caused by the pandemic. Weeks ago, the US Mint reduced coin production to protect its employees from the virus. Plus, with more people shopping online or using touch-less payment methods, cash, especially coins, is not circulating like it use to."If there's none in circulation, it becomes a toilet paper panic again, just like at the beginning of the pandemic," Pagnano said.But Pagnano says he was not going to give up on clean clothes that easily."I even went around to a couple of laundry mats to try to get some quarters from them," Pagnano. "None of them were allowing you to take the quarters off the premises. One guy even told me that he only had in circulation for their entire laundry mat."He also went on Facebook to see if any of his neighbors can do a swap. He even contacted his landlord for help."I already reached out to the landlord and asked if we could buy back the quarters that are already in the machines," Pagnano said. "Hopefully, that is something we can make happen to alleviate the problem, at least for our complex."His last resort? On a whim, Pagnano says he walked into San Diego County Credit Union, which is just down the street from his home. To his surprise, he got lucky."We got the million-dollar quarters right here!" Pagnano laughed.The Federal Reserve believes the coin shortage will be resolved, and more coins will be back in circulation once more of the economy reopens. 2333
SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions discussed record-setting drug seizures in San Diego today.Rep. Duncan Hunter, Rep. Darrell Issa, and U.S. Coast Guard Commandant Adm. Paul Zukunft joined Sessions at the news conference at the Tenth Ave. Marine Terminal.Coast Guard officials offloaded more than 50,000 pounds of cocaine and heroin since the beginning of August. The drugs have a street value of almost 0 million."By preventing overdoses and stopping new addictions before they start, enforcing our drug laws saves lives," Attorney General Sessions said. "This record-breaking year by our Coast Guard saw the arrest of more than 600 suspected drug traffickers and kept nearly half a million pounds of dangerous drugs from getting to our streets--and ultimately to our neighbors, friends, and families."Adm. Zukunft said the Coast Guard has seized more than 455,000 pounds this year - more than all of last year."These drugs represent the scale of the threat transnational organized crime poses to our nation and to all peaceful nations of the Western Hemisphere," Adm. Zukunft said. "The Coast Guard and Justice Department, along with interagency partners, are determined to commit our efforts to detect, interdict, investigate and prosecute the entirety of these criminal networks and end the drug fueled instability and violence in the region."Between 2002 and 2011, the Coast Guard said information obtained from apprehended suspects has led to the arrest and extradition of more than 75 percent of drug kingpins.City News Service contributed to this report. 1593
SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Five San Diego restaurants are among the best restaurants for a night out, according to a recent survey.Mobile app OpenTable surveyed more than 12 million user reviews to determine the "100 Best Restaurants" for a night out anywhere in the U.S. In San Diego, five made the cut: 324
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