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NASHVILLE, Tenn. - When it comes to time off, managers can ask questions to an extent in order to confirm an employee is following CDC and local health mandates.Businesses are legally allowed to ask employees about potential exposure to COVID-19 if it helps keep the workplace or customers safe. Attorney Rebecca Demaree said if an employer does not treat every employee the same way, they may find themselves in hot water."Should you ask 'well, if you're going to that protest activity, we're going to make your self isolate for 14 days because we know there are going to be a large number of individuals,' and then you take a similarly situated employee who says 'at Christmas I'll be with 20 of my relatives,' and you don't treat them the same way, the question could be are you doing that because you're trying to stifle a protest or a First Amendment activity?" said Rebecca Demaree.Demaree counsels companies on labor and employment law. She said health screenings when employees return to work after time off make sense in most high-contact industries."That's going to be important for the employers to keep customers and fellow employees safe," Demaree said. Demaree advises a good questionnaire doesn't include questions that can make an employee feel singled out."They're not questions about 'who were you with?' 'Where were you?' What were you doing exactly?' But they are more designed to lead to those questions if more information is warranted," she said.Additionally, friends and families should not compare their return to work processes because different industries are doing it differently. New questions are also likely to be asked in 2021 when vaccines are available. Some employers may be able to require workers to get the shots.This story was first reported by Hannah McDonald at WTVF in Nashville, Tennessee. 1841

NASA has long been able to check out Mars on the ground with rovers and landers and from far above with orbital spacecraft. Now, it wants to prove that it can sustainably fly around the planet's thin atmosphere at low altitude -- with a tiny helicopter.NASA announced Friday it will send the Mars Helicopter to the Red Planet with the previously announced Mars 2020 rover, set to launch in two years from Florida.The hope is that aircraft like this one -- flying mechanical scouts -- will eventually give scientists another vantage point from which to observe Mars.The helicopter will be mankind's first attempt to fly a heavier-than-air craft -- think helicopter or airplane -- in an atmosphere other than Earth's, the space agency said.Its mission will be to take five test flights after it lands with the rover in February 2021. 839

Millions of women and girls globally have lost access to contraceptives and abortion services because of the coronavirus pandemic. Now the first widespread measure of the toll says India with its abrupt, months-long lockdown has been hit especially hard.Several months into the pandemic, many women now have second-trimester pregnancies because they could not find care in time.Across 37 countries, nearly 2 million fewer women received services between January and June than in the same period last year, Marie Stopes International says in a new report — 1.3 million in India alone. The organization expects 900,000 unintended pregnancies worldwide as a result, along with 1.5 million unsafe abortions and more than 3,000 maternal deaths.Those numbers “will likely be greatly amplified” if services falter elsewhere in Latin America, Africa and Asia, Marie Stopes’ director of global evidence, Kathryn Church, has said.The World Health Organization this month said two-thirds of 103 countries surveyed between mid-May and early July reported disruptions to family planning and contraception services. The U.N. Population Fund warns of up to 7 million unintended pregnancies worldwide.Lockdowns, travel restrictions, supply chain disruptions, the massive shift of health resources to combat COVID-19 and fear of infection continue to prevent many women and girls from care.A surge in teen pregnancies was reported in Kenya, while some young women in Nairobi’s Kibera slum resorted to using broken glass, sticks and pens to try to abort pregnancies, said Diana Kihima with the Women Promotion Center. Two died of their injuries, while some can no longer conceive.In parts of West Africa, the provision of some contraceptives fell by nearly 50% compared to the same period last year, said the International Planned Parenthood Federation.“I’ve never seen anything like this apart from countries in conflict,” said Diana Moreka, a coordinator of the MAMA Network that connects women and girls to care across 16 African countries. Calls have increased to their hotlines, including those launched since the pandemic began in Congo, Zambia and Cameroon. More than 20,000 women have called since January.Like others, Moreka predicts a coming baby boom in some parts of the world. “The pandemic ... has taken us many years backwards” in family planning services, she said.Some countries didn’t deem sexual and reproductive health services as essential under lockdown, meaning women and girls were turned away. Even after NGOs in Romania pressured the government to declare the services essential, many hospitals still weren’t providing abortions, said Daniela Draghici, a member of the IPPF European network’s executive committee.“The impact in some cases is like what used to happen to young women during Communism, to get an abortion from somebody who claims to be a medical provider ... and pray,” she said.In India’s megacity of Mumbai, one woman was unable to find a pregnancy testing kit after the lockdown started in March, and then couldn’t find transport to reach care in time, said Dr. Shewetangi Shinde, who attended to her in a public hospital. By then, medical abortion wasn’t an option since the pregnancy was too advanced.India listed abortions as essential services under lockdown but many weren’t aware, said Shinde, who is part of the India Safe Abortion Youth Advocates organization.The pandemic has highlighted how difficult it already was for many women to safely access abortion services, said Dr. Suchitra Dalvie, a gynecologist in Mumbai and coordinator of the Asia Safe Abortion Partnership.“All these people ... the marginalized groups, the vast invisible majority. This is how life is,” she said.In January, India began amending laws to allow certain women to obtain abortions up to 24 weeks instead of 20. But the pandemic interrupted it.No one expected the lockdown to continue for months, Dalvie said. Now many women face second-trimester abortions, which are more expensive and complicated, especially “because everyone who is involved needs to wear PPE.”Abortion access has improved in India, but the pandemic resulted in abortion pill shortages in several states surveyed by Foundation for Reproductive Health Services India. Only 1% of pharmacies in northern states like Haryana and Punjab had them, 2% in the southern state of Tamil Nadu and 6.5% in the central state of Madhya Pradesh. In Delhi it was 34%.Some contraceptives are still delayed by supply chain disruptions, said Chris Purdy, CEO of the DKT International social marketing organization for family planning products. Production is back online, but shipping routes are crowded and ports clogged with back orders, he said.Meanwhile, women’s health providers have scrambled to find solutions such as telemedicine, home deliveries of contraceptives and home-based medical abortions.But even now, “we’re hearing everywhere that numbers are down” as public health facilities struggle because thousands of staffers have been infected with the virus, said Marion Stevens, director of the South Africa-based Sexual & Reproductive Justice Coalition. Her group and others wrote to the health minister about women turned away from care.The real global measure of lockdowns’ effects will come when health ministries report annual data, experts say. But it will be incomplete. In Haiti, the health ministry reported a 74% drop in births at health facilities in May compared to the same period last year. Many women are delivering at home, but deaths there are not reported.“Small examples can tell us a lot,” said Nondo Ejano, coordinator for the Women’s Global Network for Reproductive Rights Africa. In Tanzania, he said, a major maternity hospital in Dar es Salaam was converted into a COVID-19 response center. “You can ask yourself,” he said of women seeking care, “where would they go?”At a school he visited last week in the town of Kigoma, five girls had become pregnant in the past few months. “One school. Five girls. Definitely the rate of pregnancy is up,” he said.“I feel like right now we just have a tip of the situation, and when lockdowns are lifted we will see things clearly,” said Phonsina Archane, a coordinator of the MAMA Network. “We should prepare ourselves for that time.”___Anna reported from Johannesburg.___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 6513

MILWAUKEE — Two strangers met for the first time at Versiti Blood Center Tuesday morning, those strangers now say they are connected for life.Meeting Kris Klug was an anxious and emotional moment for plasma recipient Unique Edwards. She said Kris is the reason why she is alive today.“I almost didn’t make it. If we didn’t have the plasma, I wouldn’t be here, just thankful,” said Unique.In May, Kris tested positive for COVID-19 and recovered. She then started donating her plasma as an effort to help others fight the virus.“If you have something to give, somewhere down the road it’s going to come back to you,” said Klug. 633

NASHVILLE — With the popularity of genetic testing kits increasing, more people may begin to experience repercussions where their insurance premiums are concerned.The internet provides people with nearly anything they could possibly want day or night, but you may want to think twice before ordering a take-home genetics test from one of the many sites that offer them.Insurance premiums are determined by what sort of risk a person poses to their insurance company. This means that learning more about your heritage and the health conditions in your family history could lead to your insurance company charging you more.Jason Veirs, president and owner of insuranceexperts.com, warned that "a genetic test through a physician will become part of your medical history." Veirs says the general rule is if it's in your medical records, insurance carriers can ask to see  it. On the other hand, if you are using a consumer genetic testing kit, you will have to decide whether or not your trust that company to keep your results private.In the end, insurance companies cannot force you to take a genetics test and therefore, the choice to use one of these kits is entirely up to you. 1212