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MOSCOW, Aug. 6 (Xinhua) -- The Arctic is getting warmer at a fast pace with the Russian Arctic sector's ice areas contracting to historically low levels, according to Russian meteorological bureau Rosgidromet.According to a Rosgidromet report cited by Itar-Tass news agency Saturday, the polar cap in the Russian sector has shrunk to the historical low registered in 2007, with no ice expected to block the Northern Seaway at least until September."Currently, Arctic navigation conditions are very favorable. By early August, navigation can be done without icebreakers almost along the entire route," said Valery Martyshchenko, head of Rosgidromet's environment pollution monitoring department.According to the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, the current ice cover in the Arctic Ocean is 6,860 million square kilometers, way below average.Martyshchenko said the longer period of icebreaker-free navigation would benefit the regions located in the Arctic area, allowing longer access to food and energy supplies, but the warming of the climate also posed new threats, such as melting of ice and forming of icebergs.

CHONGQING, May 28 (Xinhua) -- Non-infectious chronic diseases have become the major threat to human health in China as deaths from such diseases account for 85 percent of annual total deaths in the country, a report issued Saturday warned.The report said a 2008 national survey on mortality cause in China showed that the figure was up from 53 percent in 1973. Such diseases result in 3.7 million deaths annually.The Disease Prevention and Control Bureau under the Ministry of Health, and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted the study, which was released at a national forum on prevention and control of chronic diseases in Chongqing.The mortality-cause survey shows that four non-infectious chronic diseases -- Cerebrovascular disease, cancer, respiratory disease and heart disease -- are the four principal causes that led to the largest number of deaths in China.Chronic diseases are the leading cause of mortality in the world, accounting for 60 percent of all deaths, reports the World Health Organization.According to the report, changes in lifestyle is one of the reasons that chronic diseases are increasing. Food with high contents of fat, protein and salt can lead to high blood pressure, high blood-fat and high blood sugar. Meanwhile, more people ride in vehicles instead of walking, meaning they exercise less.Experts at the forum called for more efforts to prevent and treat chronic diseases."It allows no delay," Kong Lingzhi, the vice director of the Disease Prevention and Control Bureau said, underlining the importance of reinforcing public education on chronic disease prevention and control."The earlier patients are aware of chronic diseases and receive proper medical treatment, the more likely they could overcome the diseases," she said.According to Kong, China has set a strategy to cope with chronic diseases in which government assumes the main responsibility, while the focus is on prevention.She said China would work to establish a prevention mechanism that pools the efforts of households, communities, professional institutions, and society at large.

SHENZHEN, June 4 (Xinhua) -- Chinese scientists who have fully sequenced the genome of the new E. Coli spreading through Europe said Saturday they found genes in the bacteria that gave it resistance to eight classes of antibiotics.Researchers with the Beijing Genomics Institute, the world's largest DNA sequencing center, have found genes in the newly identified 0104 strain of E. Coli bacteria that made it resistant to major classes of antibiotics including sulfonamide, cephalothin, penicillin and streptomycin.This helped explain why doctors in Europe had difficulties in fighting the bug that has killed 18 people and sickened nearly 2,000, BGI's major research arm in Shenzhen said on its website Saturday.This would help doctors choose right medicines for the treatment, it said.The researchers are developing a diagnostic kit which will be used to detect the bacteria and prevent the epidemic from spreading further.The Chinese researchers obtained DNA samples of the bacteria from collaborating scientists in Germany and fully sequenced its genome in three days this week.They announced on Thursday the E. Coli spreading through Europe was "a new strain of bacteria that is highly infectious and toxic".The 0104 strain of E. Coli was not previously involved in any E. Coli outbreaks. However, it has 93 percent sequence similarity with the EAEC 55989 E. Coli strain which was isolated in the Central African Republic and known to cause seriously diarrhea, BGI said.The source of the outbreak is unknown, but scientists say it is highly likely to have originated in contaminated vegetables or salad in Germany.

CHENGDU, Sept. 3 (Xinhua) -- A list of this year's top 500 Chinese enterprises was unveiled in the city of Chengdu in southwest China's Sichuan Province on Saturday.The Sinopec Group was ranked first, with last year's revenues reaching 1.97 trillion yuan (307.81 billion U.S. dollars), followed by the China National Petroleum Corp. and State Grid Corp., whose revenues hit 1.72 trillion yuan and 1.53 trillion yuan last year, respectively.The rest of the top 10 was rounded out by the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Mobile, China Railway Group, China Railway Construction Corp., China Construction Bank, China Life Insurance Co. and Agricultural Bank of China.The list is the 10th of its kind to be jointly released by the China Enterprise Confederation and the China Enterprise Directors Association. The threshold for entering the list was raised to 14.2 billion yuan in revenues, an increase over the 11.08-billion-yuan threshold used during the previous year.Revenues for China's top 500 companies rose 31.6 percent year-on-year to 36.31 trillion yuan in 2010, while their total assets increased by 18.4 percent to 108.1 trillion yuan, the two organizations said.The companies reported profits of 2.08 trillion yuan for last year, a rise of 38.67 percent from one year earlier.They paid 2.73 trillion yuan in taxes in 2010, accounting for 37.3 percent of the country's total tax revenues.

MOSCOW, Sept. 16 (Xinhua) -- A Russian Soyuz space capsule carrying three astronauts returned to the Earth Friday, the Mission Control Center outside Moscow confirmed.The three astronauts, two Russians and one American from the International Space Station (ISS), who were flown back by a Soyuz TMA-21 spacecraft, were in good condition, search and rescue teams on the ground in Kazakhstan said.Russian TV images showed the three ISS crew members being taken out of the space capsule and seated in armchairs with blankets to re-adapt to the Earth's gravity.According to the Cosmonaut Training Center, the astronauts underwent physical examinations immediately after the landing, which included examinations of hearts, lungs and adrenal glands.Seventeen helicopters and planes had waited for the capsule's landing.Helicopters will carry the astronauts from the landing site to the Kazakh city of Karaganda, from where the two Russian cosmonauts Alexander Samokutyayev and Andrei Borisenko will fly back to Moscow later Friday, while NASA astronaut Ronald Garan will leave directly for the United States for post-mission rehabilitation, the Itar-Tass news agency reported.The return of the three crew members was originally scheduled for Sept. 8, but was postponed by a failed launch of the Progress cargo ship on Aug. 24.The three crew members remaining on board the ISS are scheduled to return in mid-November.

来源：资阳报