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BEIJING, Nov. 19 (Xinhua) -- China's central bank Friday ordered banks to set aside an additional 0.5 percent of their deposits from Nov. 29, the fifth such hike this year and the second increase this month.The People's Bank of China said the move was aimed at "enhancing liquidity management and moderately regulating credit supply." The increase was estimated to freeze liquidity of about 300 billion yuan (44.8 billion U.S. dollars).The reserve requirement ratio (RRR) for the four big state-owned banks -- the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of China and Agricultural Bank of China -- will stand at 18.5 percent once the rise takes effect.Friday's move will raise the deposit reserve ratio for other large financial institutions to 18 percent and for small and medium-sized institutions to 16 percent.Analysts said the increase exceeded forecasts as it targeted over-liquidity in the banking system and looming hot money inflows caused by the United States' quantitative easing policy."The PBOC is under pressure, and it needs to do something to show its determination to tame inflation. However, it has no intention to kill growth by aggressively hiking interest rates or imposing a lending squeeze," said Lu Ting, China economist at the Bank of America-Merrill Lynch."Hiking the RRR is the natural choice of the PBOC," Lu said in an e-mailed note to clients.China's economic growth rate was likely to slow in the fourth quarter to 8.7 percent, mainly as a result of economic restructuring, the State Information Center (SIC) said Friday.The forecast was almost 1 percentage point lower than the third quarter's 9.6-percent growth rate, but the SIC expected the economy to grow by 10 percent for the full year on the back of a 10.6-percent growth rate for the first three quarters.The central bank, on Nov. 10, announced a 50-basis-point rise of the RRR for Chinese financial institutions that accept deposits from Nov. 16, as China's consumer price index (CPI), a main gauge of inflation, soared to a 25-month high of 4.4 percent year on year in October.Prices of meat have risen for the week ending Nov. 14, with prices of pork up 1.6 percent and mutton 0.5 percent. Prices of eggs also rose 0.9 percent, while rice rose 0.6 percent and flour 0.4 percent, according to a weekly report by the Ministry of Commerce.The report said prices of 18 types of vegetables were slightly lower, down by 0.8 percent compared to the previous week. However, on a year-on-year basis, the prices of 18 staple vegetables in the first 10 days this month were still significantly higher from a year earlier.The State Council, the Cabinet, Wednesday announced price control guidelines to reassure consumers facing rising inflation and urged local authorities to offer temporary subsidies to needy families.The market had been expecting an increase, but did not anticipate it would come so soon, said Tan Yaling, senior analyst at Bank of China.She said the central bank would not raise the benchmark interest rates soon after the ratio hike as higher interest rates would further expand the interest rate differences between China and other major economies, which would lead to the influx of hot money.The central bank's decision to raise the RRR, instead of interest rates, was because a higher RRR would have "a direct effect on withdrawing liquidity," said Yan Wei, chief economist with the Orient Securities.The decision was announced after Chinese stock markets edged up following a period of decline of up to 10 percent of their value, largely on concerns of tighter policies.The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index rose 0.81 percent to close at 2,888.57. The Shenzhen Component Index closed up 1.23 percent to end at 12,295.85.

BEIJING, Dec. 20 (Xinhua) -- The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), China's top legislature, opened its bimonthly session Monday to read a series of draft laws.During the six-day session, lawmakers are reading, for the second time, a draft amendment to the Criminal Law, a draft revision to the Law on Water and Soil Conservation, and a draft law on intangible cultural heritage.In the draft amendment to the Criminal Law, harsher punishment are to be handed down for principal offenders of organized crimes.Organized crime chiefs will face longer jail terms of up to 15 years and "core members" of organized crime gangs could be jailed for up to seven years, under the proposed amendment to the Criminal Law.Wu Bangguo, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), presides over the first plenary meeting of the 18th session of the Standing Committee of the 11th NPC in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 20, 2010. The law currently stipulates that organizers, leaders and core members of crime gangs are all subject to jail terms ranging from three to 10 years.Drivers involved in car racing, which have caused "serious consequences" and drunk drivers would be detained and fined, the draft amendment says.Under a proposed change to the Criminal Law, the death penalty will not be given to people aged 75 years or more at the time of trial except if they used exceptional cruelty when murdering another.The amendment, which is the eighth to the country's 1997 version of the Criminal Law, is meant to further implement the policy of tempering justice with mercy.If the amendment becomes law, it will be a major move to limit the use of the death penalty, after the Supreme People's Court in 2007 began to review and approve all death penalty decisions.According to the draft revision of the Water and Soil Conservation Law, local authorities must seek public and expert opinions before drawing up soil and water conservation plans.The draft also stipulates that penalties for the loss of soil and water must be included in land-use contracts reached with local governments.Also, the amendment stipulates that public servants responsible for supervising and managing food safety will face up to ten years in jail for dereliction of duty or abuse of power in the case of a severe food safety incident.The draft further broadens the conditions for food safety crimes. It says those who produce and sell a harmful food product will be punished, even if poisonings fail to occur.On a different matter, according to the draft Law on Intangible Cultural Heritage, foreign organizations and individuals will have to obtain government approval before conducting surveys of intangible cultural heritage in China.Also, they will have to conduct surveys in cooperation with Chinese ICH research institutions.The top legislature conducted the first reading of the draft laws in August.The legislature will also examine three reports from the State Council on boosting economic and social development in ethnic minority areas, deepening reform of health care systems and stepping up the development of the service sector.Additionally, lawmakers will discuss a report from the NPC inspection team on the enforcement of the country's Energy Conservation Law.They will also consider a bill on a draft resolution to convene the fourth annual session of the 11th NPC.The session was presided over by Wu Bangguo, Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee.

ZHENGZHOU, Dec. 1 (Xinhua) -- A Chinese court Wednesday upheld the death sentences with two year reprieves given to two mine bosses found responsible for a gas explosion that killed 76 people at a central China coal mine last year.The sentences were the first time mine bosses in China held responsible for a fatal accident were given the death penalty.The provincial high court in Henan Province rejected the appeals of Li Xinjun, former head of the No. 4 coal mine in the Xinhua District of Pingdingshan City, and Han Erjun, former deputy head of the mine.The court also rejected appeals filed by three other managers of the mine who were sentenced to 13 years, 15 years and life imprisonment respectively.The Intermediate Court of Pingdingshan City sentenced the five mine bosses on November 16 for neglecting safety procedures and forcing miners to work underground despite knowing the mine lacked adequate safety measures.The blast ripped through the No. 4 mine in Pingdingshan City on September 8, 2009, as 93 miners worked underground, killing 76 and injuring 15 others.The mine was under technological renovation at the time of the blast and did not have a safe production license, the court has found.China's coal mines are notorious for deadly accidents. More than 2,600 miners were killed in mine accidents in China last year, a number significantly less than in previous years.

BEIJING, Jan. 8 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese laid-off cleaner never dreamed of being visited by President Hu Jintao, nor did she think the visit would be followed by a public humiliation of her. "Now half the population of China think of me as a liar," complained 47-year-old Guo Chunping, with tears in her eyes. Guo became famous overnight after President Hu visited her in her low-rent apartment on the Fifth East Ring Road in Beijing just before New Year. In footage aired by China Central Television (CCTV) on December 30, 2010, she was asked how much rent she paid. "Seventy-seven yuan (about 11.6 U.S. dollars)," she replied in front of the camera. Netizens soon posted 172 photos of a woman, appearing like Guo, posing with luggage at a long-distance bus station or sitting in a luxurious restaurant. Guo was described as a "civil servant" by Chaoyang District police, who was too rich to be qualified to have a low-rent house. Also, with China's skyrocketing house prices and with rent in Beijing generally above 1,000 yuan, paying 77 yuan in rent sounded unbelievable to many. To prove Guo right or to refute her, media workers flooded her 50-square-meter apartment. "The telephone rang endlessly, and some journalists even climbed onto the building opposite my apartment with cameras," Guo said. What troubled her most happened after a reporter asked her to pose with her unemployment certificate for a photo to prove her "innocence." The next day, the photo was everywhere online, with her detailed information. "I am not a murderer," she protested angrily, "why should I pose like that and let the entire of China know that I was laid off and divorced?" According to people close to her, Guo has become hysteric lately. Xinhua reporters had difficulty persuading her to meet with them, and she would only do so on the condition that the interview be conducted far away from her apartment. Liu Tao, vice director with the Housing Administration Bureau of the Chaoyang District, has done a calculation. The monthly rent of low-rent houses in the district was 33.6 yuan per square meter. The figure was multiplied by the size of her apartment to get the rent, 1,545 yuan. According to local policies, the government pays 95 percent of the rent. Therefore, Guo herself should turn in only 5 percent, 77 yuan in total. "In the Lijingyuan Community 487 low-income households signed leases for low-rent houses," Liu said. Despite the clarification of local officials and Guo herself, doubt still lingers. Sun Yingchun, a professor with the School of Foreign Studies of the Communication University of China, believed that people's doubt over Guo' s identity and truth of the news showed their lack of understanding to the low-rent house policy. "The TV report didn't make it clear to the people," he said.The report, without specifying calculation to the rent, just told audiences of the result, 77 yuan, which was too low to be true. Besides, Sun noted that the incident gave people an outlet to vent their anger about high housing prices. Despite a series of policies to cool down the housing market, the average price of housing sold by 30 major real estate companies in China stood at 10,286.42 yuan per square meter last year, up 23.98 percent year on year. Housing was just one of many problems concerning people's livelihood which Sun believed that "for a long time the government didn't address properly." As a result, "people would distrust what the mainstream media reported," he said. These reports, like the "77-yuan tenant" story, seemed to many as too rosy to be true, he added. However, Sun said the doubt showed democratic progress. "The voice of the netizens was not interfered with by the government, and people were free to find the truth by themselves," he said. The government also endeavored to improve people's livelihood. To make houses affordable for the people, about 3.7 million affordable houses were built nationwide in 2010 and 2011, and 10 million more apartments will be built for the low-income group this year. Beijing has now 240,000 households living in low-rent houses. The government has pledged to make low-income housing projects take up 60 percent of the housing supply in five year. Before moving to her apartment in Lijingyuan Community, Guo said she could only afford to rent houses from farmers of some six to eight square meters in size. "This is the only place I feel like I want to live," she said. "People are eager to have houses, but the government has to do its job step by step," Liu Tao said. "Helping the most impoverished is our priority." Enditem

BEIJING, Dec. 11 (Xinhua) -- China's industrial value-added output year-on-year growth quickened to 13.3 percent in November from 13.1 percent in October, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said Saturday.The growth rate for the first 11 months was 15.8 percent year on year, down 0.3 percentage points from the January-to-October period, the NBS said.Industrial value-added output measures the final results of industrial production, which is the value of gross industrial output minus intermediate inputs such as raw materials and labor.