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As the end of an incredibly contentious and the heated 2020 election season ends, new research suggests that Americans are more susceptible to falling prey to disinformation depending on which state they call home.For months, Bhaskar Chakravorti and his team at the Global Business School at Tufts University have been analyzing how misinformation has been spreading during this election cycle. Where a person lives often makes them a higher target to everything from fake Facebook accounts to fake Twitter accounts and even fake headlines."We are in extremely more dangerous territory now than we were two years ago," Chakravorti explained.Bad actors, the analysis found, are more likely to target people in states that are either facing hotly contested Presidential or Senate races. Chakravorti says in places like Florida, South Carolina, Kentucky, Montana and Arkansas, voters are more vulnerable to being hit with misinformation. In places like Georgia, Illinois, New Jersey and Minnesota, residents are less likely to be bombarded by false or misleading posts and stories.A person's age, education level and media consumption all weigh into the findings.Chakravorti also says that misinformation is more likely to spread and gain traction on social media."The misinformation is asymmetric in its power,” he explained. “It travels further and faster than truth and facts."Most troublesome right now, the amount of misinformation spreading about voting, from fake stories claiming people can vote after Nov. 3 to false information about mail-in ballot deadlines. Experts also say the spread of misinformation will likely continue long after Election Day.The non-profit Common Cause has also been studying the issue closely."It can result in more uncertainty when there’s already a decrease in the institutional trust and authority that many people feel with their government," said Jesse Littlewood, who works with the group.So, what's the best way to combat misinformation?Do it on the local level. People are more likely to trust information that comes directly from their city or state officials, especially about voting."It’s a real challenge for voters to stay abreast with all that changing information," Littlewood said. 2239

Authorities say a seventh grader who died by suicide inside a northeast Ohio middle school bathroom last week planned to carry out an attack on the school.According to Jackson Township Police Chief Mark Brink, the Jackson Memorial Middle School student admired the Columbine shooters and had an eight-step plan to carry out an attack.The boy "intended to conduct a school shooting and harm others," Brink said. On Feb. 20, police responded to Jackson Memorial Middle School in Stark County after receiving a call about a student who had shot himself in the boy's bathroom.According to the medical examiner's office, the boy died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head.Security cameras captured the 13-year-old on video coming out of the restroom with a .22 caliber semi-automatic rifle he had brought to school under his clothes. The boy went back inside the restroom and shot himself, police said.Investigators said it doesn't appear the boy shared his plan with anyone else, and he did not really have a presence on social media.Case of 13-year-old boy who shot himself inside Jackson Memorial Middle School has been ruled a suicide, according to the Summit County Medical Examiner. Boy passed away at Akron Children’s Hospital. @WEWS pic.twitter.com/JmlDIeLwbR— Bob Jones WEWS (@bobjonesTV) March 1, 2018 1354

As people prepare to travel for Christmas, experts are concerned about another spike in coronavirus cases.We are almost a month out from Thanksgiving, and according to the COVID Tracking Project, more than 47,000 people in the U.S. have died from COVID-19 since Thanksgiving.And although the CDC advised against traveling, the Transportation Security Administration screened 9.5 million travelers during the 10-day Thanksgiving travel period.TSA also screened more than 3.2 million people at airports nationwide this past weekend.And as people gear up to spend the Christmas holiday with loved ones, the surge of new COVID-19 cases continues with no end in sight.The Harvard Global Health Institute and Brown School of Public Health created a risk-assessment tool that color-codes states with over 25 new daily cases per 100,000 people. The color red on the map means the state is considered "at a tipping point."According to the Harvard and Brown researchers, the 10 worst states considered to be "at a tipping point" are Tennessee, Rhode Island, California, Alabama, Arizona, Oklahoma, Indiana, Utah, Arkansas, and Delaware.According to Johns Hopkins University data, in Tennessee, the state's positive rate is 19.2%.In Alabama, the state's positive rate is 40.4%. Arkansas's positive rate is 18.7%, Arizona's is 13.1%, Delaware's is 7.7%, 13.3% of COVID tests in California are positive, Oklahoma's positive rate is 21.1%, Indiana has an 11.6% positive rate, Rhode Island is at a 6.3%, and 17.6% of COVID tests in Utah are positive.According to the CDC, between 1.2 million to 2.3 million new cases are likely to be reported in the week ending January 9, 2021. 1671

Authorities are investigating interference with police radio communications, websites and networks used by law enforcement and other officials during recent U.S. protests over the death of George Floyd in Minneapolis.Although the efforts to disrupt police radios and take down websites in Minnesota, Illinois and Texas aren’t considered technically difficult hacks, federal intelligence officials warned that law enforcement should be ready for such tactics as protests continue.Authorities have not yet identified anyone responsible or provided details about how the disruptions were carried out. But officials were particularly concerned by interruptions to police radio frequencies during the last weekend of May as dispatchers tried to direct responses to large protests and unrest that overshadowed peaceful demonstrations.During protests in Dallas on May 31, someone gained access to the police department’s unencrypted radio frequency and disrupted officers’ communications by playing music over their radios, according to a June 1 intelligence assessment from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.Dallas police did not respond to questions about the incident.The assessment, which was obtained by The Associated Press, attributes the Dallas disruption to “unknown actors” and does not say how they accessed the radio frequency. It warned that attacks of various types would likely persist.“Short-term disruptive cyber activities related to protests probably will continue — various actors could be carrying out these operations — with the potential to use more impactful capabilities, like ransomware, or target higher profile networks,” the assessment warns.The assessment noted similar problems with Chicago police’s unencrypted radio frequencies during large downtown protests on May 30 followed by reports of arson, theft and vandalism. Chicago police also have not said how the radio frequencies were accessed, but an official with the city’s Office of Emergency Management and Communications told the Chicago Sun-Times that the tactic was “very dangerous.”Police around the country have encrypted their radio communications, often arguing that it’s a way to protect officers and block criminals from listening in on widely available phone apps that broadcast police radio channels. But media outlets and local hobbyists have been frustrated by the changes, which also prevent them from reporting on issues pertaining to public safety.The Department of Homeland Security issued a separate warning this week reporting that personal information of police officers nationwide is being leaked online, a practice known as “doxxing.” According to the report obtained by the AP, information shared on social media included home addresses, email addresses and phone numbers.Law enforcement agencies have been targeted by online pranksters or hackers in recent years, including by some who claimed to be motivated by on-the-ground protests against police tactics. For example, the hacking collective Anonymous claimed responsibility for the defacement of local police departments’ websites in 2012 as protesters clashed with officers during the Occupy Wall Street movement.Individuals who self-identified as being part of the collective also claimed to have accessed dispatch tapes and other Ferguson Police Department records in 2014 after a white police officer shot and killed Michael Brown, an 18-year-old black man.Like other government entities, law enforcement agencies in recent years have been frequently targeted by ransomware attacks, in which a perpetrator virtually locks up a victim’s computer files or system and demands payment to release them.The prevalence of cyberattacks — which can cause physical damage or far-reaching disruption — and less severe online trickery, such as stealing passwords, has given law enforcement agencies more experience at fending off efforts to take down their websites or access critical information. But hackers adapt too, and governments with fewer resources than private companies often struggle to keep up, said Morgan Wright, chief security officer for the cybersecurity company SentinelOne.“The biggest concern they have right now is the safety of their communities, the safety of their officers,” Wright said of how law enforcement agencies view cyberthreats amid large demonstrations and unrest. “But if you look at what underpins everything we use to communicate, collaborate and operate, it’s all technology.”As large protests gathered steam after the May 25 death of Floyd, a handcuffed black man who died after a white Minneapolis police officer used his knee to pin his neck down for several minutes, Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz said state networks had been targeted. He described the activity as a “a very sophisticated denial of service attack.”But experts said the strategy of bombarding a website with traffic is common and doesn’t always take a high level of skill, counter to Walz’s description. Minnesota’s Chief Information Officer Tarek Tomes later said state services weren’t disrupted.But the efforts got a lot of attention, partly due to unverified online claims that Anonymous was responsible after years of infrequent activity. The decentralized group largely went quiet in 2015 but is still known globally based on headline-grabbing cyberattacks against Visa and MasterCard, the Church of Scientology and law enforcement agencies.Twitter users also made unverified claims that Anonymous was behind recent intermittent outages on the city government’s website in the Texas capital of Austin. Their posts indicated that the disruption was retribution for police officers shooting a 20-year-old black man in the head with a bean bag during a May 31 protest outside of police headquarters.The injured protester, identified by family as Justin Howell, remained hospitalized Wednesday in critical condition.The city’s IT department was looking into the site’s issues, but a spokesman said Monday that he couldn’t provide any information about the cause. He said the website was still experiencing a high volume of traffic.“You should have expected us,” an account purporting to be Anonymous’ posted on Twitter. It also warned that “new targets are coming soon.”The collective’s approach — anyone can act in its name — makes it difficult to verify the recent claims of responsibility. But Twitter accounts long affiliated with Anonymous shared them, said Gabriella Coleman, a professor at McGill University in Montreal who has studied the Anonymous movement for years.People with more advanced and disruptive hacking skills often drove peak instances of attention for Anonymous, and it’s not clear whether that type of activity will resume, she added.“There’s a lot of things going on in the background, people are chatting,” Coleman said. “Whether or not it materializes is another question. But certainly people are kind of aroused and talking and connecting.”___Foody reported from Chicago. Associated Press writer Jake Bleiberg in Dallas contributed to this report.___Acacia Coronado is a corps member for the Associated Press/Report for America Statehouse News Initiative. Report for America is a nonprofit national service program that places journalists in local newsrooms to report on undercovered issues. 7294

As screen time becomes a bigger part of students’ lives, preserving their vision is something to keep an eye on.Dr. Lauren Schneider, an ophthalmologist who has been treating patients in New York and Connecticut for six years warned screen time can cause a number of symptoms, including squinting and eye-crossing.“We do know that prolonged near work can place some children at risk for progressive myopia, which is worsening nearsightedness,” Dr. Schneider said.Doctors say tips on preserving your kids' vision during remote learning include making sure they keep a safe distance from their devices — at least 15 inches away from the screen is recommended — having them take screen breaks every 20 minutes and investing in a blue light blocker, which can be put on devices or glasses.“Some of our data suggests blue light emitted from our electronic devices may potentially be harmful long term to the center of the retina,” said Schneider Sunday.As school districts in the tri-state area continue to reopen this fall with full remote or hybrid learning models that include screen-based instruction, eye protection is another safety measure doctors say parents should have their sights on.“We want to make sure that while our students are hard at work which is going to require a lot of time in front of the computer that we’re avoiding unnecessary eye strain," Schneider said.According to medical experts, the full long term impacts on the eyes from remote learning are still being looked at, regular eye exams are highly recommended.For more tips and resources:www.visiontolearn.orgwww.childrenseyefoundation.orgwww.kidshealth.orgThis story was first reported by Jennifer Bisram at PIX11 in New York City, New York. 1726