郑州近视眼全飞秒手术价格(郑州高度近视矫正手术失明风险) (今日更新中)

WASHINGTON, March 4 (Xinhua) -- New data suggest that the epilepsy drug Topamax (topiramate) and its generic versions increase the risk for the birth defects cleft lip and cleft palate in babies born to women who use the medication during pregnancy, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) said Friday in a statement.Before prescribing topiramate, approved to treat certain types of seizures in people who have epilepsy, health care professionals should warn patients of childbearing age about the potential hazard to the fetus if a woman becomes pregnant while using the drug, the FDA said.Topiramate also is approved to prevent migraine headaches, but not to relieve the pain of migraines."Health care professionals should carefully consider the benefits and risks of topiramate when prescribing it to women of childbearing age," said Russell Katz, director of the Division of Neurology Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. "Alternative medications that have a lower risk of birth defects should be considered."Cleft lip and cleft palate, collectively called oral clefts, are birth defects that occur when parts of the lip or palate do not completely fuse together early in the first trimester of pregnancy, a time when many women do not know they are pregnant.The defects range from a small notch in the lip to a groove that runs into the roof of the mouth and nose, possibly leading to problems with eating, talking, and to ear infections. Surgery often is performed to close the lip and palate and most children do well after treatment.Data from the North American Antiepileptic Drug (AED) Pregnancy Registry indicate an increased risk of oral clefts in infants exposed to topiramate during the first trimester of pregnancy. Infants exposed to topiramate as a single therapy experienced a 1.4 percent prevalence of oral clefts, compared with a prevalence of 0.38 percent - 0.55 percent in infants exposed to other antiepileptic drugs.Infants of mothers who did not have epilepsy and were not being treated with other antiepileptic drugs had a prevalence of 0.07 percent. Similar data from the United Kingdom Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register supported the North American AED Pregnancy Registry data.According to the FDA, before starting topiramate, pregnant women and women of childbearing potential should discuss other treatment options with their health care professional.

BEIJING, May 23 (Xinhuanet) -- A new study suggests that crossing your arms could reduce the intensity of pain, according to media reports.The study was conducted by researchers from University College London (UCL), who reported their finding in the journel Pain.They said that crossing the arms could confuse the brain and conflicting information between the brain's two maps - one for the person's body and the other for external space - leading to a lower sensation of pain.A laser was used to generate a four millisecond pin prick on the hands of eight volunteers, who experienced this twice with their arms at their sides and arms crossed.Then the participants were asked to rate the intensity of pain in two situations and an EEG (electroencephalography) was used to measure their electrical brain responses.The results showed that both the perception of pain and EEG activity was reduced when the arms were crossed."Perhaps when we get hurt, we should not only 'rub it better' but also cross our arms," said Giandomenico Iannetti of UCL's department of physiology, pharmacology and neuroscience.

HAIKOU, Jan. 28 (Xinhua) -- China's aviation authorities on Friday started to allow helicopters to fly in low-altitude airspace over the tourist island of Hainan on a trial basis for the first time. The aim is to eventually open a part of the country's tightly-controlled airspace to private aircraft.Four helicopters were manned by eight pilots from Shanghai-based Zhengyang Investment Group, a leading domestic firm in the general aviation industry. They are expected to conduct test flights in the sky, 1,000 meters above the ground in Hainan in the next two months.The flight test will collect data for low-altitude flying and test the ground control system's response to emergencies, said Zou Jianming, chairman of Zhengyang Investment Group.Hainan is the first place in China to conduct test flights of private aircraft in low-altitude airspace, said Jiang Sixian, deputy governor of the province. Domestic and foreign firms are both welcome to invest in Hainan's general aviation sector to develop world-class tourism here.China's low-altitude airspace is controlled by the Air Force and the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC). Every private aircraft flight needs approval, and the procedure can take from one day up to a week.But last November, the State Council and the Central Military Commission said that part of the low-altitude airspace would be opened to promote the country's general aviation sector, including the purchase and use of private planes.General aviation refers to the part of the aviation industry that excludes flights for military, law enforcement and public transport. China has only 900 aircraft, 80 airports and fewer than 10,000 pilots in the general aviation segment.The market for general aviation in China is valued at only 13 billion yuan (1.98 billion U.S. dollars) but is expected to grow by 15 percent annually until 2020, Hainan aviation officials said.

LOS ANGELES, April 7 (Xinhua) -- A new research has found that about nine million people in the United States identify themselves as lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender (LGBT).About 1.8 percent of adults identify themselves as bisexual, 1. 7 percent as gay or lesbian, and 0.03 percent as transgender, researchers at the University of California-Los Angeles' School of Law said in the study published by The Los Angeles Times on Thursday.The study culled data and methods from nine surveys conducted over the last seven years and averaged results from five of those surveys to estimate sexual orientation and from two surveys to estimate the transgender population.The findings also show that about 8.2 percent of Americans said they participated in same-sex sexual activity and about 11 percent said they had some same-sex sexual attraction, but neither of these groups necessarily identified themselves as LGBT.The researchers noted that insufficient and inconsistent national surveys make it difficult to get an estimate of the LGBT population in the United States, according to the Times report.

WASHINGTON, April 11 (Xinhua) -- In the first clinical trial of gene therapy for treatment of intractable pain, U.S. researchers from the University of Michigan's Department of Neurology observed that the treatment appears to be able to provide substantial pain relief.In a study published online in the Annals of Neurology and seen on Monday, the researchers showed that the novel agent NP2 is safe and well-tolerated. In addition, measures of pain in the treated patients suggested that NP2 may provide a substantial analgesic effect.NP2 is a gene transfer vector that expresses the naturally- occurring opioid peptide enkephalin. In preclinical work in animals, David Fink, chair of the Department of Neurology, and his coworkers had demonstrated that injection of NP2 into the skin reduces pain in models of pain caused by nerve damage, inflammation or cancer.In the clinical trial, 10 patients with unrelenting pain caused by cancer were injected with the gene transfer agent in the area of skin related to the location of pain."The concept underlying this therapeutic approach is that injection of NP2 into the skin results in uptake into the nervous system and the production and release of a pain-relieving chemical in a controlled site in the pain pathway," says Fink. "In the study, patients who received the low dose of vector showed little reduction in pain; patients receiving the higher doses showed a greater than 80 percent reduction in pain over the course of four weeks following treatment."Fink's laboratory has been working on the use of modified herpes simplex virus-based vectors that are taken up by sensory nerves following skin injection to develop therapies for diseases of the nervous system for more than 20 years. Patents related to this technology have been exclusively licensed by Diamyd Medical, a publicly-traded Swedish biotechnology company that sponsored the trial, and the human-grade vector NP2 was produced by Diamyd, Inc, the U.S. subsidiary of Diamyd Medical.A phase 2 trial to compare NP2 to a placebo control has already been initiated under sponsorship from Diamyd.

来源：资阳报