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WASHINGTON, Oct. 3 (Xinhua) -- Researchers at St. Michael's Hospital in Canada have discovered a new function for an enzyme that may protect against organ injury and death from anemia, according to a study appearing Monday in the U.S. journal of the Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences.Researchers found that when people have anemia, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) -- an enzyme in nerve cells that produces nitric oxide, an important signaling molecule in the body -- increases the body's ability to respond, adapt to low oxygen levels and makes the body more efficient in delivering oxygen to tissues. They also found that levels of nNOS in the brain increased in anemic mice, and that the mice without this enzyme die earlier, and with higher hemoglobin levels."Identifying this mechanism may lead to new therapies and approaches to improving outcomes for anemic patients," said Dr. Greg Hare, a researcher at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of the hospital and one of the lead investigators of the study.Anemia occurs when blood has a lower than normal number of red blood cells or hemoglobin -- an iron-rich protein that carries oxygen from the lungs and heart to the rest of the body. Cells need oxygen to survive and to produce energy for all bodily functions. The condition has many different causes including infection (malaria, HIV, parasites), nutritional deficiencies (iron, folate, B12), genetic mutations, pregnancy, trauma and surgical blood loss."This research will help us identify when an anemic patient is at greatest risk for injury and death when undergoing surgery," said Hare. "Research is underway to test these findings in humans."

BALI, Indonesia, Nov. 19 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said on Saturday that an immediate task for East Asian nations in the face of the global financial crisis was to maintain continuous, rapid development of the region's economy.Addressing the 6th East Asia Summit, Wen said East Asian nations should provide momentum for the world economy's robust, sustainable and balanced development."We should continue to strengthen cooperation and the summit should play a strategic role in this regard," he said.Wen put forward a five-point proposal for boosting the regional economy:First, coping with the international economic and financial crisis should continue to be regarded as a priority, he said.East Asian nations should implement appropriate fiscal and monetary policies in accordance with their national conditions, shore up market confidence, and enhance coordination in the macro-economic policy and financial cooperation.Second, Wen said the region should earnestly carry out and improve agreed free trade arrangements, steadily advance the building of new free trade areas, and further open markets.The Chinese premier called on East Asian nations to counter protectionism and properly handle international trade frictions.Third, the region should encourage expansion of investment and increase investor confidence, he said.It should boost the inner drive for its development through such ways as industrial transfer and regional interconnection, Wen said.Fourth, he called for prioritizing sustainable development as a long-term cooperative goal, stronger cooperation in key fields, help for East Asian countries to transform their economic development model, and intensified cooperation in such areas as energy-saving, environmental protection, education and disaster control, so as to enhance development potential.His final point urged overcoming challenges brought by non-traditional security threats to create a better environment for development, and strengthening cooperation in the fields of information exchange, capacity building and emergency response.Wen said that, as a strategic forum, the EAS facilitated mutual understanding and cooperation between East Asian nations."Under the new situation, we should continue to regard the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as the dominant power of cooperation at the summit and make efforts to seek and expand interest junctions," he said.China was willing to work with all sides to make the summit more fruitful and benefit more countries and peoples, the Chinese premier said.Echoing Wen's remarks, participants at the summit said under the current international political and economic situation, East Asian cooperation should continue to wield the influence of ASEAN domination and the existing mechanism to intensify mutual support and coordination, and deepen cooperation in the fields of economy and trade, finance, food security, energy security and disaster relief.

BEIJING, Jan. 21 (Xinhua) -- As the Chinese Spring Festival travel rush enters its peak period, more work staff and transport resources have been deployed to ensure safe and convenient transport during the world's largest annual human migration.At 8 a.m. on Jan. 20, two days ahead of the Chinese New Year, Dong Leihong, duty officer at the road network center with the Ministry of Transport (MOT), sat before a huge monitoring screen that displayed real-time highway transport conditions nationwide."Good news! The fog has almost all lifted. Only some local lines in Shanxi province have been blocked by snow. Road transport in the country's other regions is normal," Dong said.The screen showed that some work staff at local toll stations in Shanxi were clearing away the snow, while vehicles were running smoothly despite rain on a section of the Shanghai-Kunming Highway located in eastern Jiangxi province.About 840,000 passenger cars were put into service to meet the day's road travel demand, MOT Spokesman He Jianzhong said at the center. An estimated 82.9 million passenger trips by bus were recorded that day, an increase of 10.8 percent from a year earlier.Passenger trips are expected to rise 9.1 percent year-on-year to hit 3.16 billion during this year's festival travel period, prompting the country's transport system to mobilize more resources.Moreover, the railway, aviation and public security sectors have also adopted multiple measures to embrace the heat of the ongoing 40-day travel rush that started on Jan. 8.At Beijing Railway Station's control center, where the exact information of the location and speed of an operating train as well as train failures is available, more than 80 dispatchers were hired to coordinate the operations of passenger and cargo trains running in north China.Meanwhile, large numbers of police, railway workers and volunteers worked in the whipping winter wind to help with boarding at Beijing West Railway Station.The country required all train ticket buyers to register with their names and have their ID cards checked prior to boarding, a real-name system introduced to stem ticket scalping that has plagued the Spring Festival travel rush for years.Counters dealing with domestic flights also extended service hours at the Beijing Capital International Airport, and more staff members were on site to help with security checks, said Li Guanghui, the airport's general manager.The airport saw about 140,000 departure passengers on Jan. 20, an increase of 29 percent from a year earlier, according to Li.To help road travellers deal with emergencies, the Ministry of Public Security established 8,300 service stations nationwide to provide car repair, medical care, rest and guidance services.Some local transport departments also prepared drinking water, food, and cotton clothes to ensure supplies in case of traffic jams on highways.The local traffic police department in Zhaoqing, a city in southern China's Guangdong province, set up 17 rest stops for long-distance motorcyclists at several national highways that pass through the city.The move aims to provide food and other emergency services for the 20,000 people that travel by motorcycle on these highways each day during the festival travel rush.The Spring Festival, or "Chunjie" in Chinese, is a time for family reunions. It is the country's most important festival.

BEIJING, Oct. 12 (Xinhuanet) -- Study found that women who took multivitamins may actually be at risk, media reports on Wednsday.Women who took the dietary supplements vitamin B6, folic acid, magnesium, zinc, copper, iron and multivitamins had a higher risk of death than women who did not.The new study, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, examined more than 38,000 women aged 55 and older who took part in the Iowa Women's Health Study, which started in the mid 1980s. Researchers found the vitamins did nothing to reduce the risk of death and that most supplements have no positive effect on women's health.The study did not distinguish if the women in the study took the vitamins to fight diseases or to maintain health.Vitamin experts say the best way to make sure you are getting all necessary vitamins is to eat a well-balanced diet. The vitamins people take do not  depend on personal preference.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 29 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States on Tuesday held high-level talks on enhancing cooperation on anti- monopoly and anti-trust enforcement, with an aim to strengthen the bilateral economic and trade relations.This was the first time that the two sides held such meeting since they signed in last July a memorandum of understanding (MOU) on anti-monopoly and anti-trust enforcement cooperation by related enforcement agencies from the two countries.Gao Hucheng, China's International Trade Representative and Vice Minister of the Ministry of Commerce, led the Chinese delegation to the talks with the U.S. delegation headed by Jon Leibowitz, chairman of the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, and Sharis Pozen, acting Assistant Attorney General of the Department of Justice in charge of anti-trust affairs.The two sides briefed each other on the latest developments on the anti-monopoly and anti-trust policies and their enforcement in own country, while discussing ways to further strengthen anti- monopoly and anti-trust enforcement in related industries, during a time of economic downturn.They also reached an agreement on the guidelines of cooperation on pursuing anti-monopoly and anti-trust enforcement in individual cases, such as mergers of corporations, after reviewing the bilateral exchanges and cooperation in this field.It was agreed that the China-U.S. economic and trade relations are the cornerstone of the overall bilateral relationship, and the enforcement of anti-monopoly and anti-trust laws can help secure the smooth development of their economies, to the benefits of both countries and peoples.Such talks are conducive to enhancing mutual understanding of each other's practices in formulating and enforcing anti-monopoly and anti-trust policies, through sharing experiences and increased cooperation, the two sides agreed.In July, three Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies, the National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Commerce and State Administration for Industry and Commerce, signed the MOU on cooperation in anti-monopoly and anti-trust enforcement, with the U.S. Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission.The document is a long-term framework between China's anti- monopoly enforcement agencies and their U.S. counterparts, designed to promote better enforcement of competition laws and regulations of the two countries. Under the MOU, the two sides will hold high-level consultations, exchange of information on law enforcement and policies, as well as cooperation on specific cases, mainly for mergers.