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The number of mass shootings around the country in 2018 has risen above 300 so far.According to data from the Gun Violence Archive, a total of 307 mass shooting incidents have occurred as of October 27.Wednesday night's shooting, which left 13 people dead at a bar in Thousand Oaks, California, marked the 307th mass shooting incident so far this year.In 2017, the U.S. saw a total of 346 mass shootings. See statistics for other years here.There doesn't seem to be an official definition for a "mass shooting" in the United States, but according to the Gun Violence Archive, a mass shooting is described as four or more individuals being shot or killed in the same general time and location. RELATED: School shootings in U.S.: When, where each shooting has occurred in 2018The F.B.I. defines a "mass killing" as the killing of three or more people in a public place, but the federal agency also defines a "mass murderer" as someone who has killed four or more people in the same location.The Gun Violence Archive lists itself as a not-for-profit organization that documents gun violence and gun crime nationally. 1156

The National Institutes of Health is reportedly planning to conduct a clinical study to determine why people are having severe allergic reactions to Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine.According to the Washington Post, during a press briefing on Monday, Moncef Slaoui, the chief science adviser for Operation Warp Speed, said they are seeking volunteers who've had allergic reactions to the vaccine, so doctors can identify why a rare event known as anaphylaxis is happening.The NIH also plans to study the Moderna vaccine as well, Bloomberg reported.Last week, health authorities in the U.K. said they were investigating after two people had "adverse reactions" to the Pfizer vaccine on the first day of the country's mass vaccination program.In the U.S., two healthcare workers in Alaska reported having an allergic reaction, and on Friday, the FDA announced five people also had an "adverse reaction" to the vaccine. 917

The Polk County (Fla.) Sheriff's Office has arrested a substitute teacher at Westwood Middle School after he reportedly grabbed a 12-year-old boy around the neck and pushed him against a wall. Robert Knight, 39, an employee of Kelly Educational Staffing, has been charged with negligent child abuse without bodily harm. The incident occurred on April 12 at Westwood Middle School in Winter Haven. Deputies responded to a call in reference to a child abuse investigation. A student told deputies he was choked by the P.E. coach, Robert Knight, on Wednesday, April 11. The student told deputies that he and Knight were "smack talking" when Knight took his shirt off and challenged the student to a fight, according to the arrest affidavit. The student said he didn't want to fight a "thirty year old man." Knight then wrapped his hand around the student's neck and pushed him against the wall while other students grabbed Knight's arm and attempted to separate him from the student, according to the affidavit. While he was being interviewed, Knight told deputies "I guess I finally let it get to me," referencing the smack talking with the student. He told deputies he "lost his cool" and doesn't know if he blacked out during the incident but that all he remembers were the kids pulling him off of the student. Knight is not employed by the Polk County School Board, but is employed by Kelly Educational Staffing as a substitute teacher. He was filling in for the male P.E. coach on Wednesday, April 11. Knight was taken into custody and transported to the Polk County Jail without incident."We expect much better conduct from a substitute school teacher. We compliment the school district staff who worked hand-in-hand with us to hold Mr. Knight accountable for his conduct" said Polk County Sheriff Grady Judd. 1855

The Mississippi Senate moved one step closer Tuesday to passing a law that would prevent women from getting abortions after they are 15 weeks pregnant. If the law passes, it would be the earliest abortion limit measured in weeks of pregnancy to become law in the US.The Senate passed a version of House Bill 1510, known as the gestational age act, with minor changes regarding the penalty to providers who break the law. In its current form, doctors would lose their license to practice medicine and face civil penalties. The bill was sent back to the House for another vote, which is considered procedural. If this version passes the House vote, the bill would move to the governor's desk.Mississippi Gov. Phil Bryant will sign the bill into law if it reaches his desk, his spokesperson told CNN.After the bill's vote, Bryant tweeted, "As I have repeatedly said, I want Mississippi to be the safest place in America for an unborn child. House Bill 1510 will help us achieve that goal."Lt. Gov. Tate Reeves said in a statement, "Mississippians are committed to protecting the lives of unborn children, and this law will be a major step in accomplishing that goal."Mississippi currently prohibits an abortion after 20 weeks of pregnancy unless "the woman's life is endangered, her physical health is severely compromised or there is a lethal fetal anomaly," according to the Guttmacher Institute.In all, 24 states have laws that ban abortions after a designated duration of pregnancy. Seventeen states, including Mississippi, ban abortions at about 20 weeks post-fertilization, according to Guttmacher.Planned Parenthood Director of State Policy Media, Danielle Wells, said she believes the law is unconstitutional. She cited a similar law in Arkansas that banned abortions at 12 weeks of pregnancy if a heartbeat was detected, which was struck down by a federal appeals court."Already, far too many women cannot access safe, legal abortions in Mississippi because of existing barriers and restrictions. If this measure passes, it would make a bad situation even worse for women," Wells told CNN.The bill was held on a procedural motion before returning to the House. The next House vote on the bill has not been scheduled yet. 2254

The mystery isn’t why so many people file for bankruptcy each year. It’s why more people don’t.Each year, only a fraction of the Americans who could benefit financially from bankruptcy actually seek relief. Economists say some don’t file because collectors aren’t aggressively pursuing them, while others may strategically delay filing because bankruptcy could benefit them more down the road.Many bankruptcy attorneys have a much simpler explanation: Fear, a lack of information and misplaced optimism keep people from getting a fresh start.A temporary pauseAbout 14% of U.S. households — or roughly 17 million — owe more than they own, according to Federal Reserve Bank of New York estimates. Many of these households could benefit from having their debts wiped out, but fewer than 1% of U.S. households actually file for bankruptcy each year. Last year, there were 752,160 personal bankruptcy filings. Researchers refer to this gap as “missing bankruptcies” — the filings that could be happening, but aren’t.Now, there’s an additional set of missing bankruptcies: the cases people normally would have filed in recent months, but haven’t. Bankruptcy filings dropped dramatically in the second quarter of this year, to about 60% of the average for the previous five years.Courthouses were shuttered by pandemic closures, which made it harder for creditors to pursue foreclosures and wage garnishments. Those are two big drivers of consumer bankruptcy filings, says David Cox, a bankruptcy attorney in Lynchburg, Virginia, and co-author of “Consumer Bankruptcy: Fundamentals of Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.”Borrowers have benefited from various forms of coronavirus relief, such as suspended payments on federal student loans, mortgage forbearance and expanded hardship options for loans and credit card accounts. The 0 weekly bump in unemployment checks, which expired in July, also kept many people afloat, Cox says.Lower jobless benefits, along with the reopening of courts and continued high unemployment, mean the lull in bankruptcy filings is likely temporary, says Jenny Doling, a bankruptcy attorney in Palm Desert, California, who serves on the American Bankruptcy Institute’s Chapter 13 Advisory Committee.She worries that people will wait too long to file. Too often, people drain retirement funds or other assets that would be protected in bankruptcy to pay debts that will ultimately be erased, she says. Putting off bankruptcy also can make it harder to come up with the ,500 needed to file a typical case.You won’t lose everythingCox says many of his clients delay filing because they fear they will lose cars, homes and other property. They are pleasantly surprised that they aren’t stripped of everything they own, he says.“There’s a misunderstanding about how bankruptcy works and what it would take from you,” Cox says.The vast majority of people who file the most common type of bankruptcy, Chapter 7, don’t have to give up any of their possessions. The types and amount of property you can keep vary by state, but typically include clothing, professional tools, wedding rings and at least some equity in your home. A few thousand dollars of equity in a car is usually protected as well. If you have assets that wouldn’t be protected in Chapter 7, you could file for a Chapter 13 repayment plan instead.You can get credit againA bankruptcy filing remains on your credit reports for up to 10 years. But credit scores can start to recover soon after you file. It’s possible to get a VA or FHA mortgage two years after a bankruptcy. Most loans require you to wait at least four years.People can start to rebuild credit a few months after their bankruptcy case is discharged by getting secured credit cards, which require a deposit, or credit-builder loans, available from some credit unions, community banks and online.The problem with anxiety — or unrealistic optimismDebt often leads to anxiety and depression that makes taking action difficult, Cox says. Many of his clients arrive at their first meeting with grocery sacks full of unopened bills.But misplaced optimism can also be a problem. The same hopefulness that causes people to take on too much debt also can lead them to put off the reckoning, he says.“You always think, ‘Our income’s going to increase, things will be better going forward,’” Cox says.Anyone struggling with debt now should consider consulting a bankruptcy attorney, Doling says. The first visit is often free, and referrals are available from the National Association of Consumer Bankruptcy Attorneys. Consulting with an attorney doesn’t obligate you to file, but it could help you avoid expensive mistakes if you later decide that’s your best option.“The people who do much better in bankruptcy are the ones who came in and got advice early on,” Doling says.This article was written by NerdWallet and was originally published by the Associated Press.More From NerdWalletSmart Money Podcast: Used Cars in Short Supply, and Shea Couleé Talks About MoneyHow Frugal Fashionistas Can Stay on TrendAre Medicare Advantage Plans Worth the Risk?Liz Weston is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: lweston@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @lizweston. 5211

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