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WASHINGTON, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced Thursday a joint, large-scale, national study of tobacco users to monitor and assess the behavioral and health impacts of new government tobacco regulations.The initiative is the first large-scale NIH/FDA collaboration on tobacco regulatory research since the U.S. Congress granted FDA the authority to regulate tobacco products in an act in 2009. Scientists at NIH's National Institute on Drug Abuse and the FDA's Center for Tobacco Products will coordinate the effort."The launch of this study signals a major milestone in addressing one of the most significant public health burdens of the 21st century," said FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg in a statement. "The results will strengthen FDA's ability to fulfill our mission to make tobacco-related death and disease part of America's past and will further guide us in targeting the most effective actions to decrease the huge toll of tobacco use on our nation's health."Investigators will follow more than 40,000 users of tobacco- product and those at risk for tobacco use ages 12 and older. They will examine what makes people susceptible to tobacco use; evaluate use patterns and resulting health problems; study patterns of tobacco cessation and relapse in the era of tobacco regulation; evaluate the effects of regulatory changes on risk perceptions and other tobacco-related attitudes; and assess differences in attitudes, behaviors and key health outcomes in racial-ethnic, gender, and age subgroups."We are pleased to collaborate with the FDA on this study that may provide us with a better understanding of the impact of product regulation on tobacco prevention and cessation," said NIH Director Francis Collins.While smoking rates have dropped significantly since their peak in the 1960s, nearly 70 million Americans ages 12 and older were current users of tobacco products in 2010. As a result, death and disease caused by tobacco use is still a tremendous public health burden. Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States. Cigarette smoking results in more than 443,000 premature deaths in the United States each year -- more than alcohol, illegal drug use, homicide, suicide, car accidents, and AIDS combined.

MOSCOW, Oct. 24 (Xinhua) -- The Russian Space Agency Roscosmos confirmed on Monday the list of next crew members who will fly to the International Space Station (ISS) on Nov. 14.Russia's Soyuz TMA-22 spacecraft will bring Russian cosmonauts Anton Shkaplerov and Anatoly Ivanishin and American astronaut Daniel Burbank to the ISS for a 124-day-long mission.Russia's Gennady Padalka and Sergei Revin and American Josef Akaba are announced as the backup crew.According to the Roscosmos, the new crew will host one manned and three unmanned cargo ships during their stay in the ISS and conduct a space walk as well as 37 scientific experiments.During the new crew's stay, the ISS would also make its 75,000th revolution around the Earth, the Roscosmos said.The launch of the Soyuz TMA-22 was initially scheduled on Sept. 22, but was postponed after the failed launch of the Progress cargo ship to the ISS on Aug. 24.

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. 8 (Xinhua) -- Twitter on Thursday started to roll out a major redesign of its interface in hopes of simplifying users' experience, as well as new brand pages to strengthen its relationship with advertisers.During a press conference at its new headquarters in San Francisco, Twitter Chief Executive Officer Dick Costolo and co- founder Jack Dorsey unveiled a whole new look of the social networking and microblogging service.According to an introduction video, the new homepage features profile on the left and the timeline on the right, which are flipped from the current positions and take less space than they used to.Three new buttons were also introduced as "Home," "Connect" and "Discover." "Connect" shows users who has mentioned them and suggests some accounts they might want to follow. "When you use Discover, you'll see results reflecting your interests -- based on your current location, what you follow and what's happening in the world," said Twitter.The overhauled interface is only available to a small group of users at first and will be rolled out to all users over the coming months. It will also remain consistent across Twitter's official mobile apps. Twitter has launched a page fly.twitter.com to explain all the changes.Along with the introduction of the redesign, Twitter also announced new brand pages on its platform. A total of 21 brand partners will be included in the initial launch, such as American Express, Best Buy, Bing, Coca-Cola, HP, Disney and Nike.Analysts said Twitter has ambitions to compete with similar brand pages from Facebook and Google+. According to eMarketer, Twitter's global advertising revenue is expected to reach 139.5 million U.S. dollars this year and approach 400 million dollars in 2013.

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. 9 (Xinhua) -- Hewlett-Packard (HP) on Friday announced that it is keeping the webOS software alive by contributing it to the open source community.The company said it will make the underlying code of webOS available under an open source license and will engage the open source community to help define the charter of the open source project."WebOS is the only platform designed from the ground up to be mobile, cloud-connected and scalable," Meg Whitman, HP's chief executive officer, said in a statement."By contributing this innovation, HP unleashes the creativity of the open source community to advance a new generation of applications and devices," she added.HP said it will remain active in the development and support of webOS, while the source code will be available for use and improvement by anyone choosing to download it, which means other hardware manufacturers can also use the software.With the help of the open source community, HP can save development and other costs and the new announcement is expected to result in more layoffs from its webOS team, some analysts noted.The webOS is a mobile operating system initially developed by Palm which was acquired by HP last April for 1.2 billion U.S. dollars.In February this year, HP released TouchPad, its first tablet computer which runs the webOS operating system. The device didn't sell well, and HP in August decided to completely shut down webOS hardware business, including TouchPad and webOS phones.HP then said that it will continue to explore options to optimize the value of webOS software going forward.By keeping the software open source, users of webOS devices will continue to receive software improvements and updates in the future, HP noted."As webOS gains traction as an open source alternative in the marketplace, you could see webOS on several different types of devices by any number of vendors. We will explore the viability of putting webOS on devices, just as we do for other leading operating systems," the company said in a corporate blog post.

BEIJING, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Wednesday exchanged congratulatory messages with Cypriot President Demetris Christofias on the 40th anniversary of bilateral diplomatic ties.In his message, Hu said bilateral ties between China and Cyprus have developed smoothly since they were established.Political mutual trust has continued to deepen and the two countries understand each other and support each other's major concerns, he said, adding bilateral pragmatic cooperation has also been expanding continuously.China highly values its relations with Cyprus and is ready to work with the country to deepen their traditional friendship, strengthen exchanges at various levels and enhance cooperation in such areas as economy, trade, culture and tourism, the Chinese president said.Hu said China is also willing to maintain communication and coordination with Cyprus on international and regional affairs.Christofias, for his part, said China and Cyprus have carried out close exchanges and cooperation, adding bilateral ties have been further strengthened through frequent high-level exchanges in recent years.Cyprus believes the two countries are on friendly terms and understand each other, which is in line with the common interests of both China and Cyprus, Christofias said.The president said Cyprus also believes bilateral relations would make further progress in the future.Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi also exchanged congratulatory messages on Wednesday with his Cypriot counterpart Erato Kozakou Marcoullis.

来源：资阳报