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During the last few months, many health experts have been talking about reaching “herd immunity” with the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine. Over the Christmas weekend, Dr. Anthony Fauci said he estimates the country needs to reach 80-85% with the vaccine to attain herd immunity.Here’s what that means.Herd immunity is a concept used in discussions about vaccination, and signifies the threshold needed for a population as a whole to be protected from a virus.The World Health Organization clarifies that herd immunity, or population immunity, “is achieved by protecting people from a virus, not by exposing them to it.”The Mayo Clinic also describes the situation following the 1918 Spanish Flu outbreak. They say people who survived the pandemic were later immune to infection of the H1N1 flu, also referred to as swine flu.Health experts warn that relying on community infection to create herd immunity could be dangerous; there are questions about how long the antibodies created by infection protect against reinfection, and a high level of community infection could lead to overwhelmed medical facilities and a high number of deaths.When the threshold of herd immunity is reached, it means the vast majority of a population is vaccinated and has antibodies, thereby lowering the overall amount of community spread of the virus. It also means portions of the population who cannot get vaccinated are kept safer by the limited spread.What that threshold is varies depending on the virus and the efficacy of the vaccine.According to the WHO, herd immunity against the measles is reached with 95% vaccination, while herd immunity against polio is 80%.Dr. Fauci believes herd immunity for COVID-19 can be reached with around 85% of the population having antibodies. 1778

Dr. Christina Blasey Ford has been nominated for a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Distinguished Alumna Award for "speaking truth to power" by going public with sexual assault allegations against then-Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh."What Dr. Blasey Ford did on September 27, 2018 was something that was extraordinary in how ordinary it was: she told the truth about a sexual assault she experienced when she was fifteen years old at the hands of Judge Brett Kavanaugh," wrote UNC English professor Dr. Jennifer Ho in the letter nominating Ford, speaking about the California professor's testimony last month in front of the Senate Judiciary Committee.Ford, who graduated from UNC with a bachelor's degree in psychology in 1988, accused Kavanaugh of sexually assaulting her at a house party when the two were in high school. Kavanaugh has denied all allegations against him.Both Ford and Kavanaugh testified before the committee, prompting a weeklong FBI investigation and hundreds of activist protesters on Capitol Hillbefore the Senate confirmed Kavanaugh by?a 50-48 vote Saturday afternoon."Dr. Blasey Ford giving her testimony, speaking truth to power, was an inspiration for so many of us," Ho wrote. "Her accomplishment is to be an alumna of integrity, who despite great personal cost to herself and her family told her story of her sexual assault and emboldened others to also find the courage to speak out against injustice."Comments from Ho on the letter indicated that after signatures on the letter were maliciously deleted, signatures supporting the letter could be submitted through a secure form until midnight on October 13.According to the UNC awards web page, nominees must have made "an outstanding contribution to humanity in any walk of life" and must be nominated by October 15. 1880

Dozens of trucks and thousands of volunteers delivered more than 260,000 Christmas wreaths to Arlington National Cemetery to honor fallen heroes.The rain Saturday didn't stop the day of service, which was made possible by the Wreaths Across America organization.  "If you look across this field of stones, it's massive, but we want to make sure that every individual receives a wreath and their name is spoken out loud,” says Karen Worcester, executive director of Wreaths Across America.Larry Landon, a Boy Scout troop leader, donated his time, unboxing and placing wreaths with 14 of his Boy Scouts.“Our troop unloaded trucks,” he says. “Over 36,000 wreaths were laid here at Arlington, with the help of these boys.”It’s a tradition in its 27th year, spanning all 50 states and into 26 countries. Nearly 2 million wreaths in total were placed.The goal is to give heroes across the world a gift this holiday season. 929

Due to the coronavirus, President Donald Trump and Joe Biden will not shake hands before or after Tuesday’s first presidential debate.Peter Eyre, a senior adviser for the Commission on Presidential Debates, said that the candidates and moderator Chris Wallace will not be wearing a mask during the debate.Eyre said that an audience will still be invited to the debate, but in order to gain access to the debate hall, attendees will have to pass a health screening, which will include on-site coronavirus testing. The debate hall, which is being held in Cleveland, had roughly 100 seats installed in front of the stage.Wallace announced last week that a discussion on the coronavirus will be one of six topics discussed during Tuesday’s debate.Tuesday's debate is the first of three between Trump and Biden. There will also be a vice presidential debate between Mike Pence and Kamala Harris next month. 909

Eastman Kodak’s potentially lucrative deal to help the U.S. government make more generic drugs domestically is threatening to turn into a regulatory headache for the fallen photography giant. Kodak’s stock price surged last week before the company announced its plans to work with President Donald Trump’s administration in exchange for a 5 million loan. That prompted Sen. Elizabeth Warren to ask Securities and Exchange Commission to investigate whether insider trading laws have been broken. For months, Kodak's stock hovered around per share. On Monday, the stock was at .62 per share. By Wednesday, the stock jumped to .20 per share. The price has come back down since, with it dropping to .40 on Tuesday.The Wall Street Journal is now reporting the SEC has opened a probe. The SEC declined to comment while Kodak says it will cooperate with any inquiry.Trump was asked Kodak's potential deal."I wasn’t involved in the deal," Trump said. "The concept of the deal is good, but I’ll let you know. We’ll — we’ll do a little study on that, and we’ll find out." 1083

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