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Billowing smoke from wildfires on the West Coast is reaching cities thousands of miles away, and those who live closer to the fires are battling hazardous air for weeks now.“We’ve never seen anything like this. Waking up to orange light pouring in your room is such an eerie feeling,” said Danica Gragg. “We’ve never seen anything like it.”As wildfires scorch millions of acres, blue skies are transformed into rust, making earth appear more like Mars.We haven’t even been able to see the sun for a couple weeks,” said Gragg.Located east of San Francisco, unpredictable fires have dictated her family's lives for weeks now. First, it was the fear of evacuating.“There were three different fires at the time when this started: one above us, one below us, one to the right.”Ultimately spared from the flames, her family would still feel the wrath of what’s left in their wake.“My dad is a disabled veteran with COPD,” she said.Suffering from a chronic lung disease, it was the first time the Vietnam veteran found himself completely unable to breathe while taking out the trash one evening.“The ambulance came and of course with COVID, I think that was the first time I really understood what people were going through when you have to see a loved one taken away in an ambulance and you can’t go with them. You don’t know when you’ll see them again,” Gragg said.He was hospitalized for six days.Gragg said her family got humidifiers and also downloaded apps to check air quality. The apps reveal that West Coast cities are suffering from some of the worst air in the world, with San Francisco, Portland and Seattle ranking in the top five.“We can see the atmosphere in totally new ways now, and I have never personally seen so much smoke across the west as I did last week,” said Geoff Cornish, a meteorologist with AccuWeather.Satellite images show choking smoke blanketing the west and moving across the U.S. and Pacific Ocean.“Most of the smoke, as it gets carried east of northern plains, is elevated, and that will be high in the atmosphere,” said Cornish. “Now, somebody who might be really susceptible to respiratory illnesses might sense some of that.”What makes wildfire smoke so toxic is fine particulate matter so small it can get deep into the lungs and bloodstream. It's a public health threat that grows with each destructive wildfire season.“Climate change is not something that should be debatable anymore,” Gragg said. “We can see it. We need to listen to the scientists. They told us this was coming.”And now, her family waits to see how many more days will be dictated by historic fires raging around them. 2631

BERLIN (AP) — The United States has formally left the Paris Agreement, a global pact forged five years ago to avert the threat of catastrophic climate change. Wednesday's move was long threatened by U.S. President Donald Trump and triggered by his administration a year ago. It further isolates the United States in the world but has no immediate impact on international efforts to curb global warming. There are 189 countries remain committed to the 2015 accord, which aims to keep the increase in average temperatures worldwide “well below” 2 degrees Celsius compared to pre-industrial levels. Scientists say that any rise beyond 2 degrees Celsius could have a devastating impact on large parts of the world, raising sea levels, stoking tropical storms and worsening droughts and floods. 797

BEACH LAKE, Pa. – It may look like a regular house from the outside, but inside Meghan Buselli’s bustling home, one room looks just like a regular classroom.“I have Landon who's eight, Sawyer who's six and Levi who's five and then I have two little girls that I fit in there somehow,” said the mom of five, who has a college degree in elementary education.It’s a degree she initially thought she would use by going back to teach in the classroom. However, when the time came for her oldest child to go to school, she had second thoughts.“The age of five came super fast, quicker than I thought,” she said, “and I wasn't ready to let go of our time.”So, she decided to home-school her children instead. It’s a decision that – at the time – she had no idea would end up attracting attention from around the country.“I think parents thought that, you know, we need to think of different options for our children,” Buselli said.That is how, through social media, she ended up in the role of home-schooling helper to parents looking to do the same, in the wake of COVID-19.“They say, ‘Oh, well, I don't have a degree in that,’ and I say, ‘You know what? Think of your grandmother's favorite recipe that you use year after year. Did she go to culinary school? No.’” Buselli said. “So, I always say that you know and you're more qualified in this than you know and if I didn’t have my degree, I could still do it.”In the year prior to the pandemic, about 2.5 million students were home-schooled in the U.S.Buselli offers parents tips on how to do it, such as:Check your state home-schooling laws for the required paperworkUnderstand that not all teaching is done at a chalkboard or behind a desk – she’s learned it’s less about trying to mimic a classroom and more about being flexibleLess is more when it comes to lesson planning – focus more on concepts, not busy workShe said she knows her kids have learned a lesson, when they show confidence in applying what they learned“Another word for home-schooling, I think, is freedom,” she said.She also feels home-schooling is helping stretch out her children’s childhoods, while providing other life lessons, too.“It's just them seeing how we carry on a household, how we carry on life as adults, how we foster relationships with people,” she said, “and then we fit academics in around all of that, with family unity being the glue that sticks together through it all.”It’s a lesson her children seem to be absorbing, as well. 2475

BALTIMORE (AP) — Baltimore on Wednesday filed a federal lawsuit against the Trump administration alleging that "unlawful" efforts altering a State Department policy are restricting visa applicants and deterring law-abiding immigrants from claiming public assistance.In its lawsuit, Baltimore asserts the U.S. State Department earlier this year quietly expanded its definition of "public charge" — someone the United States deems likely to be primarily dependent on government aid. It says the change is not only frightening legally entitled immigrants from applying for public programs but impeding otherwise eligible immigrants from entering the country in the first place.The lawsuit says the changes allow consular officers to consider whether green card applicants or their relatives, including U.S. citizens, ever benefited from non-cash benefits such as housing vouchers, subsidized school lunches or free vaccinations. Federal law has long required those seeking green cards to prove they won't be a burden — or a "public charge" — but new rules detail a broad range of public programs that could disqualify them.Maryland's biggest city asserts that immigrants are already fearful of using government programs that they or their families need. It notes that African immigrants' participation in the federal Head Start program has "virtually ceased" in Baltimore so far this school year.Mayor Catherine Pugh said her city is "known for embracing immigrants" and said the Trump administration's creation of "additional obstacles to those seeking to live in Baltimore" is un-American and a perversion of national ideals."We are determined to resist this latest attempt to deprive our immigrant communities of basic services," Pugh said in Baltimore, which is among the U.S. cities that have been trying to reverse population loss with various immigrant-friendly measures.The State Department did not immediately respond to an email seeking comment about Baltimore's lawsuit, which calls for the policy change to be declared unconstitutional and for the public charge provision to return to the old definition.Baltimore's lawsuit, filed in Maryland's U.S. District Court, was done in collaboration with the Democracy Forward Foundation, a group with Democratic party ties.Anne Harkavy, the Washington-based organization's director, portrays the State Department's public charge policy as "yet another example of the Trump administration's disturbing hostility toward people born in other countries and their families."Meanwhile, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security wants to redefine a "public charge" as someone who is likely to receive public benefits at any time. And the definition has been broadened to include SNAP or food assistance, Medicaid, housing assistance or subsidies for Medicare Part D. Refugees or asylum seekers would be exempt.That proposal published on Homeland Security's website has already appeared in the Federal Register and has triggered a 60-day public comment period before taking effect. The period for comments closes next month.In general, immigrants are a small portion of those receiving public aid. The Trump administration's immigration restrictions are part of a push to move the U.S. to a system that focuses on immigrants' skills instead of emphasizing the reunification of families. 3337

BETHLEHEM, West Bank (AP) — Pilgrims from around the world flocked to Bethlehem on Monday for what was believed to be the biblical West Bank city's largest Christmas celebrations in years.Hundreds of locals and foreign visitors milled in Manger Square as bagpipe-playing Palestinian Scouts paraded past a giant Christmas tree. Crowds flooded the Church of the Nativity, venerated as the traditional site of Jesus's birth, and waited to descend into the ancient grotto.Palestinian Tourism Minister Rula Maaya said all Bethlehem hotels were fully booked, and the city was preparing to host an "astounding" 10,000 tourists overnight."We haven't seen numbers like this in years," she said, adding that the 3 million visitors to Bethlehem this year exceeded last year's count by hundreds of thousands.Solemn-faced nuns and enthused tourists crossed themselves and bowed over their rosaries as they entered the church, the air thick with incense.Linda Selbmann, 24, of Chemnitz, Germany, said she had long dreamed of celebrating Christmas in Bethlehem."It's wild to be in the place it all began," she said, sipping Turkish coffee in front of a statue of the Virgin Mary cradling the infant Jesus.The Christmas festivities traditionally bring a boost of holiday cheer to Christians in the Holy Land, whose numbers have shrunk over the decades relative to the general population and now make up just a minority.As the sun set on Manger Square, the enormous Christmas tree lit up and the city's ancient passageways shone with colored string lights and flashing crosses. Choirs sang classic carols and hymns, their voices echoing throughout the plaza.Palestinian youths peddled Santa hats to tourists and shop windows bearing signs reading "Jesus Is Here" displayed olivewood Nativity scenes and other souvenirs.Archbishop Pierbattista Pizzaballa, the top Roman Catholic cleric in the Holy Land, entered Bethlehem after crossing an Israeli military checkpoint from Jerusalem.At a midnight Mass at the Church of the Nativity, Pizzaballa addressed a packed house of worshippers and dignitaries that included Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas and Prime Minister Rami Hamdallah.Pizzaballa said the recent restoration of the church was a metaphor for recent events in the region."The mosaics were splendid, but covered by a layer of dirt," he said at the start of his homily."This last year was terrible," said Pizzaballa, referring to the upsurge in violence between Israelis and Palestinians, "so we all tend to think that all is dirty. But if you remove this layer of dirt we see how wonderful the mosaics are.""Since it's Christmas, we have to be positive," the archbishop said.Palestinian security personnel and vehicles stationed around the square reminded visitors that amid the merriment, they couldn't quite escape the city's political reality. Bethlehem is located in the Palestinian-controlled area of the West Bank, and much of the city lies behind Israel's separation barrier."Last year things were worse because the injustice was so obvious," said Maaya, the tourism minister, referring to U.S. President Donald Trump's decision to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, incensing the Palestinians and igniting clashes. "But this year doesn't feel so different. We are still occupied, and we always have problems," she said.Monjed Jadou, a Bethlehem resident, said that although he noticed an impressive number of foreigners in the square, the crowds of Palestinian visitors appeared thinner than usual."Security is tighter around here than it's been in a while, and the streets feel less safe. I think people are afraid," he said, adding that his friends from the West Bank city of Ramallah decided not to come because the Israeli army had been blocking roads around the city.The West Bank has seen a spike in violence in recent weeks, set off by a pair of deadly shootings targeting Israeli soldiers and settlers claimed by the Islamic militant group Hamas. Israel has ratcheted up security at checkpoints as it presses on with its manhunt for suspected Palestinian assailants.Other visitors seemed unconcerned by recent violence in the area."This has been No. 1 on my bucket list," said Yohannes Denu, 42, of Los Angeles. "There's no better place to be as a Christian, it takes me back to all the rich stories I heard growing up. To be at the center of my faith, it's joyous, it's unbelievable."In anticipation of the midnight Mass at the Church of the Nativity, the climax of Christmas Eve celebrations, Palestinians and pilgrims huddled in groups, some singing "Silent Night" and carrying candles."This is a day of celebration," Maaya said. "And we have hope that one day we'll be able to celebrate like everyone else." 4740