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BRUSSELS, April 22 (Xinhua) -- The number of civilian deaths in Afghanistan went down by 39 percent in the first three months of 2009 compared to the same period a year before, NATO said on Wednesday.     NATO spokesman James Appathurai said 81 percent of the civilian deaths were caused by the Talilban-led insurgents and 19 percent by international troops in the first three months of 2009. He did not give the overall number of civilian deaths in this period.     A total of 1,240 civilians were killed in 2008 in Afghanistan and the Taliban and other militant groups were responsible for 80 percent of them, according to NATO counts. But the UN mission in Afghanistan said more than 2,100 civilians were killed last year.     "It is important to note that despite the increase in (the numbers of) international forces, efforts to reduce the numbers of civilian casualties are having an effect," said Appathurai.     He said NATO and the Afghan security forces will establish about three dozen joint coordination centers throughout the country by mid-summer to coordinate military support and security support for the presidential and provincial elections in August.     Four battalions of extra troops will be deployed by mid-summer to help secure the elections. The extra troops will stay long enough in case a presidential run-off is needed in early October, he said.

BEIJING, May 1 (Xinhua) -- New rules to punish "statistical fouls" took effect Friday in China.     The rules, the country's first of their kind, were jointly published by the Ministry of Supervision, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).     The rules impose penalties for publication of fraudulent statistics or unauthorized dissemination of statistical data.     Penalties including dismissal, demotion or unspecified "criminal punishment" face those who unlawfully alter statistics or ask others to do so and those who take revenge on people who refuse to fabricate data or blow the whistle on illegal acts.     People who leak data concerning state secrets, personal information or business secrets, or who delay the reporting of statistics, would face similar penalties.     The new rules require government offices to carefully maintain and deliver files of criminal cases and quickly release investigation results.     Analysts said statistics are not just key data for the government, they are also vital in making decisions about social and economic affairs.     Statistics "concern public credibility of both statistical authorities and the government," said Fan Jianping, chief economist with the State Information Center.     As the world's fastest expanding economy, China has faced questions about the accuracy of its national economic data. The most recent figure drawing global attention was the decade-low, 6.1 percent year-on-year economic growth rate in the first quarter, which was released April 16.     Since the country's opening-up, the quality of statistics has improved. An article on the Wall Street Journal China's website said China's economic statistics were actually very impressive, "with relatively timely, accurate, and comprehensive data published on a range of key indicators".     But it also pointed out that there is a political economy of numbers with an incentive at both the local and national levels to massage the statistics. Many China watchers have noted the incentives for local officials to over-report growth to please their political masters.     Officials who participated in drafting the new rules admitted that incorrect or falsified statistics have been released at times.     Statistical corruption has been found in China for years to exaggerate local economic growth, which is often related to officials' promotion.     In April, southeastern Fujian Province said that it handled 754cases concerning forged statistics last year and imposed fines up to about 1.38 million yuan (203,000 U.S. dollars).     "As the country strives to cushion the impact of the global slowdown and maintain steady economic growth, they should use the rules as a deterrent to statistical fouls," said Wang Tongsan, an economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a government think tank.     Wang also suggested the government should reform the evaluation system for officials and increase training for statistical staff.     China's top statistics official, Ma Jiantang, has vowed to improve the quality and credibility of government statistics after foreign media voiced concerns about the authenticity of Chinese economic data.     "To keep (official statistics) true and credible is not only our duty, it also relates to our need to accept public supervision," Ma said in a statement on the NBS website.

BEIJING, July 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping on Monday urged Communist Party members and government officials to put more efforts in finding and correcting problems that may hinder scientific development and taint the image of the Party.     Xi, also member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, made the remarks during a meeting on the implementation of the Scientific Outlook on Development.     In September 2008, the CPC launched a one and a half year campaign to study and apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, a doctrine adopted by the Party at the 17th CPC National Congress in October 2007.     A total of 11 inspection teams were organized recently to check the results of the campaign in 16 provinces and autonomous regions as well as six central government departments including the Ministry of Environmental Protection, Ministry of Culture and Ministry of Agriculture.     Xi said the campaign had achieved obvious effects as many Party members had deeper understanding of the Scientific Outlook on Development.     However, Xi stressed Party members and officials still needed to do much more work to fully realize the problems in their work and learn to solve them.     "Coping with the financial crisis, ensuring steady and rapid economic development and the stability of society should be an important part of the campaign," he said.

UNITED NATIONS, May 29 (Xinhua) -- The exponential growth in trade and strategic relations between China and the Arab world is highly valued at the League of Arab States and will not come at the expense of relations with the United States, the secretary-general of the League of Arab States said at a press conference here on Friday.     "We value very much our relationship with China," Secretary-General Amre Moussa, told Xinhua. "We can have good relations, growing trade and growing economic investments with China and America at the same time." Amre Moussa, the secretary- general of the League of Arab States, gestures during a press conference at the headquarters of the United Nations in New York on May 29, 2009. Moussa on Friday called upon Israel to put an immediate end to the settlement construction in the West Bank, saying that if Israel goes ahead with the construction, it is impossible to set up an independent Palestinian stateChina is now the largest exporter to the Arab world, overtaking the United States for the first time since the 1960s. Trade between China and Arab countries jumped from 36.7 billion U.S. dollars in 2004, when the Sino-Arab Cooperation Forum was launched, to 132.8 billion dollars last year.     In the past, particularly during the Bush administration, the Arab world became increasingly disenchanted with America's lackluster role in the Israel-Palestine conflict. But U.S. President Barack Obama offers renewed hope that peace talks will progress.     "The previous administration waited six years (before addressing the crisis)," said Moussa. "Now (the Obama) administration has started engaging right away. This is encouraging because all of us have suffered from certain policies in the past."     "The hope is that the Obama administration will succeed in breaking this deadlock in order to allow the peace efforts to move on with the establishment of a viable Palestinian state ... which includes the immediate freeze of (Israeli) settlements," he said.     At the same time, despite the international community having "a window of opportunity," the Obama administration has yet to take concrete actions, added Moussa.     "What we expect is not only to hear a speech, but to act," he said.     Indeed, action on the Middle East crisis is rare. The UN Security Council has refused to follow up on recommendations made by a United Nations investigation into accusations of war crimes committed by Israel during the Gaza offensive in January.     Frustrated, the Arab League is "actively pursing" other avenues, including several independent fact finding and investigations, said Moussa.     "We are not going to let go of what happened in Gaza against the civilians," he said. "If you want to have justice, you have to have it across the board."     In a related development, the United Nations Human Rights Council investigation team will arrive in Gaza on Monday. Led by Justice Richard Goldstone, the team plans to meet with all concerned parties, including witness and victims of alleged violence, according to a press release issued on Friday. 

BEIJING, May 6 (Xinhua) -- China's central bank said Wednesday the economy is doing "better than expected" in the first quarter, and pledged to maintain "ample" liquidity in the financial system for economic recovery.     China would stick to its moderately easy monetary policy and ensure "ample" liquidity at banks, the People's Bank of China (PBoC) said in its quarterly monetary policy report posted on its website.     The country has pumped 4.58 trillion yuan (670 billion U.S. dollars) of new loans into the economy in the first quarter to stimulate growth.     The figure is already nearing 5 trillion yuan of new loans targeted for the whole year. In March alone, new loans increased by a record 1.89 trillion yuan.     The country's financial institutions and enterprises would digest the huge amount of new loans in the following months, the report said.     Industry insiders have said credit extended by China's banks in April may have dropped to above 600 billion yuan after staying at above 1 trillion yuan for three straight months.     The central bank said new lending from commercial banks focused on government-backed projects. It encourages more bank loans to be channeled to small and medium-sized enterprises as they play an important role in the national economy and in increasing employment.     The central bank said in the first-quarter monetary policy report it would continue to instruct financial institutions to extend new loans, despite the earlier surge.     The pick-up in bank lending is conducive to stabilize the financial market and boosting market confidence, PBoC said. Meanwhile, the bank urged lenders to improve credit quality to avoid a possible rebound in bad loans.     There have been "positive changes" in the economy in the first quarter, the bank said, echoing remarks made by Premier Wen Jiabao last month.     The quarter-on-quarter growth is improving, compared to the fourth quarter of last year, it said, without giving specific figures.     China's economy expanded 6.1 percent in the first quarter, the lowest pace in 10 years and down from 9 percent in the fourth quarter last year.     The central bank also said foundations for the recovery are not solid, as uncertainties in external economies still exist and private investment is yet to become active with new lending concentrated on government projects.     In listing uncertainties ahead, the bank said the country still has to battle against the financial crisis that is unfolding and a collapse in external demand that is hurting exports.     The country is also under great pressure to create enough jobs and from a slower growth in residents' income, which would suppress future consumption, it said.     The bank also warned overcapacity and insufficient demand may drive prices lower in the country with the world economy in a downturn.     But it also said continued falls in prices may become less likely along with the world recovery, a turnaround in the national economy and fast credit growth.     "Prices of primary products and assets may rebound quickly once investor confidence is restored, as the global credit is relatively loose thanks to injection of liquidity and stimulus packages across the world," the bank said.     The central bank also said it was concerned that the extraordinary monetary policy adopted by other major economies would result in inflation risks.     It referred to the quantitative easing policy adopted by the U.S., Japan, Britain and Switzerland to pump cash into their economies.     The quantitative easing policy meant increasing currency supply through purchasing mid- and long-term treasury bonds after central banks cut interests rates to near zero.     The extraordinary monetary policy harbored huge risks for international financial markets and the global economy, said the central bank.     It would increase the risk of global inflation, said the central bank, suggesting it would create new assets bubbles and inflation if central banks of major economies failed to mop up thehuge liquidity when the global economy recovered.     "A policy mistake made by some major central banks would put the whole world in risk of inflation," it said.     The quantitative easing policy would also make exchange rates of major currencies more volatile, according to the report.     The central bank cited the U.S. move to purchase treasury bond in March as an example, saying although the dollar had appreciated against other major currencies, it fell after the purchase.     PBoC said the policy would leave the bond markets subject to fluctuations.     It said massive purchase of mid- and long-term treasury bonds may keep yield at a low level. But in the long run, as the financial markets returned to stability and the economy recovered, inflation expectations would grow, interest rates would rise, and bond prices would adjust sharply, according to the report.