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WASHINGTON, Oct. 6 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced Thursday a joint, large-scale, national study of tobacco users to monitor and assess the behavioral and health impacts of new government tobacco regulations.The initiative is the first large-scale NIH/FDA collaboration on tobacco regulatory research since the U.S. Congress granted FDA the authority to regulate tobacco products in an act in 2009. Scientists at NIH's National Institute on Drug Abuse and the FDA's Center for Tobacco Products will coordinate the effort."The launch of this study signals a major milestone in addressing one of the most significant public health burdens of the 21st century," said FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg in a statement. "The results will strengthen FDA's ability to fulfill our mission to make tobacco-related death and disease part of America's past and will further guide us in targeting the most effective actions to decrease the huge toll of tobacco use on our nation's health."Investigators will follow more than 40,000 users of tobacco- product and those at risk for tobacco use ages 12 and older. They will examine what makes people susceptible to tobacco use; evaluate use patterns and resulting health problems; study patterns of tobacco cessation and relapse in the era of tobacco regulation; evaluate the effects of regulatory changes on risk perceptions and other tobacco-related attitudes; and assess differences in attitudes, behaviors and key health outcomes in racial-ethnic, gender, and age subgroups."We are pleased to collaborate with the FDA on this study that may provide us with a better understanding of the impact of product regulation on tobacco prevention and cessation," said NIH Director Francis Collins.While smoking rates have dropped significantly since their peak in the 1960s, nearly 70 million Americans ages 12 and older were current users of tobacco products in 2010. As a result, death and disease caused by tobacco use is still a tremendous public health burden. Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States. Cigarette smoking results in more than 443,000 premature deaths in the United States each year -- more than alcohol, illegal drug use, homicide, suicide, car accidents, and AIDS combined.

JERUSALEM, Nov. 1 (Xinhua) -- Israeli researchers at Tel Aviv University developed a computer chip that could recuperate loss body movement if placed in the cerebellum, opening the doors to treatment of brain damage, researchers told Xinhua on Tuesday.The computer chip, wired to a man-made segment of a cerebellum, was attached to a rodent's skull that had lost the ability to blink. After the artificial cerebellum was implanted, the rodent was once again able to blink.The chip, connected to the rat's brain, works by reading sensory information from the body and then communicating it to the cerebellum, the area of the brain that allows movement coordination, through electrodes."The chip itself imitates a small part of the cerebellum, a very tiny part of it," said Prof. Matti Mintz of TAU's Department of Psychology."We took a small part of the cerebellum and studied it and created the computer chip that mimics the damaged area," he said.However, more complicated movements, like walking, are still at least one decade away, Mintz added."We still did not test it on humans because we need to know the area the chip will mimic before installing it, which requires extensive research. But we are now developing a chip that will do a sequence of simple movements," he pointed out.When fully developed for humans, it can be used to help patients who suffer brain genetic diseases like Parkinson, or had strokes that caused brain damage.

SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 11 (Xinhua) -- Google will launch its new music service next week, U.S. media reported on Friday.In an emailed invitation, Google said it will hold an event called "These Go to Eleven" next Wednesday in Los Angeles, which is expected to be the debut of Google Music, tech news website The Verge reported.Google is reported to be adding new features over the current version of its music service, such as a MP3 music store with connection to its social network Google+.According to a separate report from technology news site CNET on Friday, Google has not yet got licensing deals with all four of the major labels -- Universal Music Group, Warner Music Group, Sony Music Entertainment and EMI.Google introduced a beta version of its music service called Music Beta in May, enabling users to upload their entire music libraries for free to Google servers and stream songs from any browser or Android-based devices.Since the search giant failed to come to license agreements with major music labels at the time, Music Beta is essentially a massive cloud storage hard drive.

SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. 4 (Xinhua) -- Apple Inc. on Tuesday unveils iPhone 4S, the much-anticipated latest generation of iPhone.At the event held at Apple headquarters in Cupertino, California, U.S., newly installed Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook took stage to give a general introduction of Apple's products, his first product presentation after taking over the reins from Steve Jobs in August.According to Apple, there are several key features that make the new iPhone 4S different from the current iPhone 4. With a 3.5- inch widescreen multitouch display, the new device features dual- core A5 processor, the chip used in the iPad 2, and a higher- resolution eight megapixel camera which can grab 73 percent more light and take a 1080p high-definition video.The battery can support internet use up to six hours on 3G network and nine hours on Wi-Fi, as well as talk time up to eight hours on 3G and 14 hours on 2G. U.S., newly installed Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook takes stage to give a general introduction of Apple's products, Oct. 4, 2011. Apple Inc. on Tuesday unveils iPhone 4S, the much-anticipated latest generation of iPhone.Based on the dual-antenna design of iPhone 4, Apple said that iPhone 4S can intelligently switch back and forth between them to send and receive, improving the reception and throughput on the device. The iPhone 4S is also a world phone, which means both GSM and CDMA network customers can roam internationally on GSM networks on a single phone. It also supports HSPA+, a 4G mobile technology that allows for data transmission speeds up to 42 Mbps.Another important feature is the new voice control called Siri, an intelligent assistant that helps users get things done just by asking questions, such as call people, reminders, compose and dictate email, weather, stocks, search web and etc..For example, Siri understands users who are looking for a weather forecast when they ask questions like "Do I need an umbrella today," "What's the upcoming forecast," and "Is the weather going to get worse today."The iPhone 4S will run the latest version of Apple's mobile operating system iOS 5, which will be available as free update next Wednesday. The new iOS 5 has more than 200 new features, such as a deep Twitter integration, Notification Center and iMessage, a new messaging service.The latest smartphone also comes with the launch of iCloud, Apple's cloud computing service which automatically and wirelessly store users' content and push it to all Apple devices from mobile devices and music players to desktops and notebooks. Apple will launch iCloud next Wednesday."iPhone 4S plus iOS 5 plus iCloud is a breakthrough combination that makes the iPhone 4S the best iPhone ever," said Philip Schiller, Apple's senior vice president of Worldwide Product Marketing. "While our competitors try to imitate iPhone with a checklist of features, only iPhone can deliver these breakthrough innovations that work seamlessly together," said Schiller, who led the iPhone 4S introduction at the Tuesday's event.The new iPhone 4S will start at 199 U.S. dollars with a storage capacity of 16 GB and 399 dollars for the 64 GB model. The pre- orders begin on Friday and the phone will ship next Friday. Apple said that iPhone will be in 70 countries and regions, on 100 carriers when the roll out is done. In the United States, along with AT&T and Verizon, iPhone 4S will also come to Sprint, the third-largest mobile-phone carrier in the country.

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