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BEIJING, Oct. 26 -- Delegations from more than 84 countries and regions will participate the ITD conference Monday, and a host of international experts from governments, the private sector and academia will make presentations and lead discussions on this important topic.     The ITD is a cooperative venture formed in 2002 and comprised of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Commission and the UK Department for International Development.     Its purpose is to foster dialogue on important topics in tax policy and administration and to function as a disseminator and repository of information on matters of interest in taxation around the world, through its website, www.itdweb.org.     The IMF attaches great importance to its role as a founding member of the ITD. Recent events in the world economy have made even clearer the necessity of international cooperation and sharing experience in economic matters, and this is the very purpose, which the ITD serves.     The topic of this conference is a timely and critical one. The world has been reminded recently and forcefully of the great importance of the financial sector for macroeconomic stability, growth, and development goals. The sector plays a critical intermediating function - without it credit could not exist, capital could not be channeled to useful purposes and risks could not be managed.     The conference will take place against the background of the worst financial and economic crisis to strike the world in three generations, and, while taxation was not itself the cause of the crisis, elements of the tax system are relevant to its background and resolution.     Most tax systems embody incentives for corporations, financial institutions and in some cases individuals to use debt rather than equity finance.     This is likely to have contributed to the crisis by leading to higher levels of debt than would otherwise have existed - even though there were no obvious tax changes that would explain rapid increases in debt. Tax distortions may also have encouraged the development of complex and opaque financial instruments and structures, including through extensive use of low-tax jurisdictions - which in turn contributed to the difficulty of identifying true levels of risk.     The magnitude of the fiscal challenges facing the world economy is greater than at any other time since World War II.     Estimates done by IMF staff on the fiscal adjustment necessary to bring government debt-to-GDP ratios down to 60 percent by 2030 - over 20 years hence - show a gap in the cyclically adjusted primary balances of some 8 percentage points of GDP in advanced economies to be closed between 2010 and 2020.     This cannot all be accomplished by expenditure reduction. New, or increased, sources of revenue will need to be found, on average perhaps 3 percentage points of GDP. While improvements in compliance and administration could account for some of that gap, it will be necessary to adjust tax policies to a degree not hitherto seen on a wide scale.     Although the world economy remains weak with downside risks and much hardship remain, signs of improvement are thankfully now visible.     This is an opportune juncture, therefore, to begin the work of planning countries' exits from the deteriorated fiscal positions developed in response to the crisis, and to give thought to questions raised by the performance of the financial sector in triggering the crisis.     What role can better tax policies and administration play in preventing a recurrence of this costly episode in economic history?     The financial sector has been, and must continue to be, a critical link in the development of the world's economies. The sector has played a key role in accelerating the development of the emerging markets - many of which, prior to this most recent episode, had grown able to tap the world's financial resources at an increasing rate unparalleled in history.     And for the world's most vulnerable economies, continued financial deepening will be absolutely necessary to permit them to meet their development goals. The upcoming conference will consider the role of taxation in both the industrial and developing countries with respect to these goals.     The conference will address not only the role of the financial sector as a source of revenue itself, and its broader role in the development and growth of the world economy, but also its function in assisting in administration of the tax system-through information reporting, collection of tax payments, and withholding.     This latter role will become ever more important with growing international cooperation in fighting tax evasion and avoidance.     Finally, we must not lose sight of the main function of the tax system - to raise revenue in an economically efficient, non-distortionary, and administratively feasible manner.     Even fully recognizing the existence of both market failures and policy-induced vulnerabilities, including those that contributed to this crisis, it is important to avoid accidentally introducing distortions through the tax system that may prove worse than the evils they are intended to remedy.     "Neutrality" of taxation of the financial sector in this sense is a benchmark against which deviations from this objective may be measured and judged.     One must ask whether any proposed interventions are targeted at a recognized externality or existing distortion, and, if so, whether the proposed action is the most appropriate response. And the multilateral institutions, in particular, must look to the effects which the financial sector and its taxation may have not only on the world's highly developed economies-those with the greatest depth of financial intermediation-but at the effects, direct and indirect, on the world's developing nations.     International cooperation on these matters will be critical to making improvements that will benefit all of us. This week's important event, hosted by the Chinese government and organized by the ITD, is itself a model in this regard.

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States on Tuesday voiced support for the peace and stability in South Asia.     "The two sides welcomed all efforts conducive to peace, stability and development in South Asia," said a joint statement issued after a meeting here between Chinese President Hu Jintao and visiting U.S. President Barack Obama.     They support the efforts of Afghanistan and Pakistan to fight terrorism, maintain domestic stability and achieve sustainable economic and social development, said the statement.     They also pledged support for the improvement and growth of relations between India and Pakistan.     The two sides are ready to strengthen communication, dialogue and cooperation on issues related to South Asia and work together to promote peace, stability and development in that region, according to the statement. 

BEIJING, Oct. 25 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Hui Liangyu has called for attention on the ageing problem, noting this is a major issue that concerns "people's livelihood and the nation's lasting peace and stability."     Hui's call came several days ahead of the country's traditional "Senior Citizen's Day," or Double Ninth Festival, which falls on the ninth day of the ninth month in the lunar calendar, or Monday.     Hui, also director of China National Working Commission on Ageing, said at a recent meeting on the aging problem held in Beijing that the elderly were "valuable wealth of the Party and the country," and researchers should provide solid scientific foundation for the government to make strategies for the well-being of the ageing population.     Statistics from the commission show more than 8.3 percent of the 1.3-billion Chinese population are above 65, and in most cities, more than 50 percent of the elderly people live without the company of their children.     Hui said efforts should be made to deal with new conditions concerning ageing, such as unbalanced distribution of the aged between urban and rural areas.

BEIJING, Nov. 12 (Xinhua) -- The 2010 World Expo to be held in China is a chance both for the country and the world, said Premier Wen Jiabao at an international forum of the Shanghai Expo held here Thursday.     The forum, with the theme of "collecting global wisdom, jointly creating cities' future," is of great significance to enriching the meaning of the 2010 World Expo and promoting its success, Wen said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao addresses the opening ceremony of the 7th World Expo 2010 Shanghai China Forum in Beijing, capital of China, Nov. 12, 2009. The premier said the Chinese expressed the wish to hold the World Expo in the country more than a century ago, but realized the dream only after the founding of New China and 30 years of rapid progress during the reform and opening-up drive.     To be held in the most populous developing nation in the world, the World Expo fully shows its strong vitality, Wen noted. He said China would continue to go all out for the event's preparations. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (Back) addresses the opening ceremony of the 7th World Expo 2010 Shanghai China Forum in Beijing, capital of China, Nov. 12, 2009Wen also briefed on China's reaction on the global financial crisis and current economic situation.     China has been active and responsible in coping with the global economic recession by earnestly dealing with its own business and comprehensively participating in international cooperation, Wen said.     China has always been paying great attention to comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development and sticking to the expansion of domestic demand, especially consumption, as a foothold during the process of economic stimulus, Wen said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) talks with Vicente Loscertales (C), secretary general of the International Expositions Bureau, and Jean-Pierre Lafon, president of the International Expositions Bureau, after the opening ceremony of the 7th World Expo 2010 Shanghai China Forum in Beijing, capital of China, Nov. 12, 2009Facts show China's stimulus package is "timely, strong and effective," Wen said.     China will strike an appropriate balance between maintaining economic growth, restructuring the economy and managing the inflation expectations, Wen said.     China will continue to implement active fiscal policy and moderately loose monetary policy amid the mounting evidence of consolidated economic recovery, Wen said.     Chinese government unveiled a 4-trillion yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package a year ago and industry stimulus and restructuring plans earlier this year for 10 sectors.

BEIJING, Nov. 27 (Xinhua) -- Days after the United States announced to cut its carbon dioxide emissions by 17 percent from 2005 levels by 2020, China promised to slice carbon intensity in 2020 by 40 to 45 percent compared with 2005 levels.     The respective policy movements of both China and the U.S., the biggest two emitters in the world, won global attention, if not instant applause. The early signs of the concerted efforts could be sensed after the two countries, the biggest developed and developing economies, released a joint statement on Nov. 17 during U.S. President Barack Obama's first China visit.     The two sides, according to the joint statement, had a "constructive and fruitful dialogue" on the issue of climate change.     It also said that the two sides were determined, in accordance with their respective national conditions, to take important mitigation actions.     The policy announcements from the two countries came just as the international community was worried about a possible stalemate at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in December in Copenhagen, Denmark.     Although not required by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol for quantitative greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions cut, China, defined by the United Nations as a developing country, still puts a drastic slash of its GHGs emissions in the coming ten years, even at cost of lowering its own economic development speed.     Economists estimated that China might double its current gross domestic product (GDP) by 2020. A 45-percent reduction of carbon emissions per unit of GDP means China would emit slightly more carbon dioxide than current levels.     At the same time, the Chinese government voluntarily set "the binding goal," which is to be incorporated into China's mid- and long-term national social and economic development plans.     It's much more than a developing nation is expected to offer, out of responsibility of and sincerity to addressing the common challenge faced by the international community.     Held by the UNFCCC accountable for contributing most of the total global carbon dioxide emissions, which were assumed to warm the planet and consequently result in natural disasters, many industrialized countries dodged their responsibilities of cutting emissions to levels that meet requirements of the Kyoto Protocol and the Bali Roadmap.     The United States, in spite of announcing a meaningful emissions cut of 17 percent, still lags far behind what the UNFCCC requires developed countries to behave.     In the Sino-U.S. joint statement, the two sides were committed to reach a legal agreement at the Copenhagen conference, which includes emissions reduction targets of developed countries and appropriate mitigation actions of developing countries on the basis of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities.     The U.S. and China also agreed substantial financial assistance to developing countries on technology development, promotion and transfer, which was largely invalid in the past years.     As China takes the lead to exemplify how a developing country, with the world's biggest population, could do to a better future of the world, it is now the developed world's turn to show their sincere care for a greener Earth.