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Starter credit cards, aimed at those who are new to credit, have been around since at least the 1970s — and they used to be much easier to qualify for.Card issuers once were able to lure young adults, particularly students, with a variety of incentives that federal regulations now prohibit under the Credit Card Act of 2009.“When you started college prior to the Card Act, you could get a Frisbee and a credit card at the same time, or a chance to win a computer and a credit card,” said Rod Griffin, senior director of public education and advocacy at Experian, a credit reporting agency.Credit card eligibility requirements are stiffer now, especially amid the COVID-19-related downturn, as banks tighten lending standards to mitigate risk. It all adds up to more obstacles for those seeking to start the clock on their credit history. About 20% of the U.S. adult population doesn’t have a scorable credit file with the three major credit bureaus, according to a report by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.Still, qualifying for a starter card is not impossible, and more options exist today.Eligibility for starter credit cardsThe same CFPB report also notes that credit cards are the most common way to establish a credit file for all income levels and age groups.But age matters in terms of your eligibility for a starter card.IF YOU’RE UNDER 21Applicants generally have to be 18 to apply for a credit card on their own. Applicants under 21 can only report independent personal income, including regular allowances. If you’re a student, you may also report scholarships and grants.“I got the Discover student credit card on the first try,” said Karumi Narasaki, a 20-year-old student based in Indiana and creator of the YouTube channel Rumi’s Life. When she applied for the card, she says she included part-time income from two jobs and school aid received to cover books, rent and food.IF YOU’RE OVER 21Once you turn 21, income restrictions loosen slightly. You can include any income to which you have reasonable access, such as the income of a partner or a spouse, for instance. Income is still a necessary requirement to demonstrate your ability to make payments on borrowed amounts. Other requirements may also exist, depending on the card.If you can’t meet the income requirement at any age, a co-signer could help you build credit with a credit card. You’ll get your own credit card and account, but the co-signer assumes responsibility for the bill if you can’t pay it. Not many issuers allow co-signers on credit card applications these days, but there are still some that do.Types of starter cardsThe ideal starter card should have no annual fee and report your payment history to the three major credit bureaus: TransUnion, Equifax and Experian. These bureaus compile the credit reports that form the basis of your credit scores.Creditors review your credit scores to determine the likelihood that you’ll pay them back. A good FICO credit score of 690 or higher can make it easier to get an apartment, set up utilities and access better interest rates on credit cards or loans, for example.Starter card options may include:AUTHORIZED-USER CARDSCredit cards for authorized users are tied to a primary cardholder’s account. You are issued a card with your name on it, but the primary cardholder is responsible for making the payments. If that person uses his or her credit card wisely, it could reflect well on your own credit history, but double-check with your issuer.“It’s still recommended if you’re going to become an authorized user that you ask the lender if they actually report the account for you,” Griffin said. “If they don’t, it’s not going to help you build a credit history.”SECURED CARDSSecured credit cards are easier to qualify for because they require a cash deposit as collateral, reducing the risk to the issuer. The deposit amount usually determines your credit limit.With a good payment history, you eventually get your deposit back when you close the account or upgrade to a traditional “unsecured” credit card with the same issuer.STUDENT CREDIT CARDSStudent credit cards may require enrollment at a college or university. They also may require that you have at least some existing credit history. You can find exceptions, though.Some student cards may even pack helpful, student-friendly features like waived late payment fees or incentives. Rewards on student cards are uncommon, but some options exist.“I also considered applying for a secured card initially, until I found out there’s a Discover card,” Narasaki said. “It had cash back, which is unlike any of the other cards that I looked up, so I thought it was a pretty beneficial card and it had a lot of perks.”ALTERNATIVE-UNDERWRITING CARDSAlternative-underwriting credit cards have joined the market in recent years with some game-changing approaches. Most of these cards don’t charge a security deposit, and many can use factors other than the traditional FICO scoring model to assess your creditworthiness.If you don’t have a credit history, issuers of these cards may instead look at your employment, income, spending or savings to determine your ability to pay. As a result, they may require government-issued documents, bank account information, employment verification requirements and other details as part of the application process.In some cases, you may not even need a Social Security number to apply, which is helpful for newcomers to the U.S. who have limited options.Starter card alternativesEven with more starter card options on the market, the eligibility requirements may still leave some applicants out. But credit cards aren’t the only way to build a credit history. Some services make it possible to report certain bill payments to the credit bureaus to establish a credit file.For instance, rent-reporting services can record rent payments on credit reports for a fee. Experian Boost records cell phone and utility payments on Experian credit reports for free.You can also consider applying for a credit builder loan.More From NerdWalletIf Credit Card Relief’s a No-Go, Check Out Debt ManagementFor Homeowners, Saving a Down Payment Is Only the Start6 Great Recession Money Lessons That Still Apply TodayMelissa Lambarena is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: mlambarena@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @LissaLambarena. 6346

STOCKHOLM — The 2020 Nobel Prize in Literature has been awarded to the American poet Louise Glück "for her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal."Glück was formerly the Poet Laureate of the U.S. from 2003 to 2004. According to The New York Times, Glück is the first woman to win the award since 1996.The prize was awarded Thursday after several years of controversy and scandal for the world's pre-eminent literary accolade.In 2018, the award was postponed after sex abuse allegations rocked the Swedish Academy, the secretive body that chooses the winners.Two laureates were named last year, with the 2018 prize going to Poland's Olga Tokarczuk and the 2019 award to Austria's Peter Handke.Handke's prize caused a storm of protest because he has been called an apologist for Serbian war crimes.Other writers who were favored for the award were Kenya's Ngugi Wa Thiong' o, Canadian poet Anne Carson, Japanese novelist Haruki Murakami, Russian novelist Lyudmila Ulitskaya and Guadeloupe-born writer Maryse Conde.According to NPR, the 2020 Nobel Prize has a cash prize of about .2 million. The awards ceremony this December will be celebrated virtually because of the COVID-19 pandemic. 1244

SYRACUSE, New York — It’s training many teachers have never seen, and it’s designed to let staff feel what it might be like to have a school shooter attacking.These teachers are physically learning to team up and do battle with a shooter, and they are being taught to focus on a shooter's hands.Teacher’s aid Melissa Demjanenko used tennis balls to train in place of staplers, tape dispensers or chairs she would really use to defend her classroom."I think of myself as not a powerful person. ... What can I do to stop something? Now I know I can do something. Now I know everyone in this room can do something," Demjanenko said.The training considers the idea that when people are in the most stressful situation of their lives, and they think they're just going to react a certain way ... they recognize they won't, Sheriff’s Deputy Tom Czyz said.People need muscle memory, and to get that, a person needs to have gone through similar stress, he said.Czyz started the training company Armored One.He says running to safety is your best bet, then hide if you can’t run.Along with other current and former law enforcement he teaches teachers lessons that go beyond the classroom and beyond the school lessons we can all use if running or hiding aren’t an option.“Your game plan of what you will do in case something happens: I hear gunshots behind me in front of me next to me. Which way am I going? What am I doing if I have to fight back.? What am I going to use for weapons? ... Literally in a few seconds."Everywhere you go you can have these plans already and it could save your life," Czyz said.We asked if he does that in every building he goes into. “Absolutely.”Police officers regularly train at the gun range; flight attendants on the airplane train for weeks to help people get out alive. This is why some school districts have decided teachers also need to train physically — to protect students.Before this training, in a mock active shooter drill — teachers reacted painfully slow, taking more than 30 seconds to exit the room.Czyz was brutally honest.“If my own kids were in here, I would be disgusted with you. Pretend like your own kids are in here, right?" he said.Czyz's team demonstrated how to barricade a door and use other things around to block and protect one's self. The taechers then tried again.There was a huge difference after the training — teachers cleared the room in around 10 seconds.The sheriff's department says it works hard to make sure the teachers are in their space, so training is done in the school where the teachers actually work. They get first-hand experience in their building.Planning ahead and practicing is what these teachers say now gives them the confidence to wage war against an attacker if they have no other choice. 2858

The Big 12 will permit its teams to play one nonconference football game this year to go along with their nine league contests as plans for the pandemic-altered season continue to fall into place. The Big 12 university presidents signed off on the conference's scheduling model, which gives schools the option to play one nonconference game at home. The 10-team Big 12 already plays a nine-game conference schedule. Unlike other Power Five conference that have switched to either exclusively (Big 12 Pac-12 and SEC) or mostly (ACC) league games this season, the Big 12 could not add more conference games without teams playing each other more than once.“I would like to salute the work of our university presidents and chancellors, athletics directors, coaches, medical advisors and administrators who have worked tirelessly and collaboratively during these extraordinary times,” said Commissioner Bob Bowlsby. “We believe this change provides the best opportunity going forward. However, we will undoubtedly need to be flexible as we progress through the season in order to combat the challenges that lie ahead.”One question will be who will be able to play Big 12 schools as most other conference have decided to hold conference-only schedules. 1256

Syracuse University has suspended a professional fraternity after video footage surfaced showing members exhibiting "extremely racist" behavior, according to the university's chancellor.Videos purport to show members of Theta Tau, an engineering fraternity, repeatedly using racial slurs and simulating sex acts.Chancellor Kent Syverud called the behavior "offensive" in a statement to the campus community Wednesday. 425

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