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BEIJING, Dec. 27 (Xinhua) -- Chinese officials and Communist Party cadres have been warned against financial violations and extravagance in the name of New Year celebrations.The Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the Ministry of Supervision have issued a circular, asking officials and cadres to be self-disciplined and practice frugality during the holiday season.Party officials must not accept gifts in any form, said the circular, which offers a list of prohibited items and services that "could influence the fairness of official duty," such as attending banquets, and expenses-paid travels and entertainment.The holiday season of 2011 starts from New Year's day and continues into the Spring Festival, or the Chinese New Year, which falls on February 3.The Chinese tradition of presenting gifts to family members and friends during the Lunar New Year has been extended to sending gifts to officials, which poses a challenge to the country's anti-corruption efforts.The circular also warned officials to avoid extravagance, and prohibited them from spending sprees using public money for personal gains.Instead, the limited public money and resources should be spent on developing the economy and improving people's livelihoods, it said.Further, the circular told discipline inspection authorities at all levels to seriously crack down on any violations of the law and disciplines.

BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- China Wednesday released its first ever white paper on the nation's anti-graft efforts, expressing its resolve to strengthen the fight against corruption.The document, titled China's Efforts to Combat Corruption and Build a Clean Government, was issued by the Information Office of the State Council, or Cabinet.Ren Jianming, director of the Anti-Corruption and Governance Research Center at Tsinghua University, said corruption is a sensitive issue, and the white paper shows "China has a more open and cooperative attitude toward the problem."The report will help eliminate bias and misunderstanding about China's anti-graft battle as it details both achievements and problems, said He Zengke, a researcher at the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau, a prominent research institute on Marxism and Chinese policies."It will help people develop a correct, objective and comprehensive understanding of China," he said.China's efforts to combat corruption and build a clean government have been managed systematically and promoted comprehensively and "achieved results," the report said.From 2003 to 2009, prosecutors at all levels investigated more than 240,000 cases of embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty, and rights infringement, according to the report.From January to November, the Party's discipline watchdogs investigated 119,000 graft cases, resulting in 113,000 people being punished, of whom 4,332 were prosecuted, said Wu Yuliang, secretary general of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of Communist Party of China (CPC), at a press conference Wednesday.From 2005 until 2009, over 69,200 cases of commercial bribery -- involving some 16.59 billion yuan in funds -- were investigated, it said.In 2009, some 7,036 officials were held responsible for serious mistakes, breach of duty, and failing to manage and supervise subordinates, the report said.The report quoted a National Bureau of Statistics survey as saying that 83.8 percent of Chinese thought corruption was reduced to some extent in 2010, which was up from 68.1 percent in 2003.The document warned that the task of curbing corruption remains arduous.China has undergone dramatic economic and social change, and the ideas and concepts of the people have altered, leading to increased social conflict, the report said."Since the relevant mechanisms and systems are still incomplete, corruption persists, some cases even involving huge sums of money," the report said. "Breaches of law and discipline tend to be more covert, intelligent and complicated."The CPC and the government understand the "long-haul, complicated and arduous" nature of the anti-graft mission, the report said."They will resolutely punish and effectively prevent corruption with more resolutions and powerful measures," the report said.The report introduces the principles, working mechanisms and legal framework for China's anti-graft system. It also sets out the progress made in combating corruption and international anti-graft cooperation.Despite the achievements made, more work has to be done to meet the people's expectation for anti-graft efforts, especially with improving the transparency of decision making, He said.Many difficulties and problems facing the anti-graft work will be solved through the reform of the systems, he said.On Tuesday the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, the country's central leadership, set objectives for the country's anti-graft mission in the next phase, stressing better anti-corruption supervision on construction projects, public money being held in private account, extravagant ceremonies, and government vehicles.Prof. Yan Shuhan at the Central Party School said the Communist Party of China should stay sober-minded and persistent in its anti-graft endeavor and face the problems head on.

BEIJING, Jan. 11 (Xinhua) -- A Senior Communist Party of China (CPC) leader Tuesday said government and Party officials should make more effort to deal with petitions and resolve public grievances.Zhou Yongkang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, made the remarks at a meeting in Beijing, where officials discussed work on petitions this year.Despite a drop in petition numbers last year, China would still face a lot public petitions this year since some people still had living difficulties while there were still too many social management problems, Zhou said.Government officials and Party cadres, particularly those at city and county levels, should meet petitioners in person and handle their appeals on a one-on-one basis, he said.Greater efforts must be paid to address unresolved petitions within a time limit, and to prevent more petitions at root by avoiding risks to stability in making policies, said Zhou, who is also the secretary of the Commission for Political and Legal Affairs of the CPC Central Committee.Zhou said the government must not simply reject public petitions and should instead meet people's legitimate demands in petitions.Petitioners who disrupt public order should be handled in accordance with the law, he said.

QINGDAO, Jan. 6 (Xinhua) -- Chinese maritime authorities Thursday added two large sea surveillance ships to its fleet in a bid to better protect the country's maritime rights and interests.The two patrol ships, in the 1,000- and 1,500-tonne classes, respectively, were added to the North Sea fleet of the China Maritime Surveillance Force in the eastern coastal city of Qingdao.They will be used to crack down on violations of China's maritime interests, illegal use of Chinese seawaters and damages to its sea environment, resources and infrastructures, said Fang Jianmeng, head of the North Sea branch of the State Oceanic AdministrationThe ships will also patrol China's waters to monitor polluting incidents, said Fang.This is part of a 1.6-billion-yuan (241-million U.S. dollar) plan the State Council, or China's cabinet, unveiled in 1999 to add 13 1,000-tonne-plus sea patrol ships and five patrol helicopters to patrol the nation's waters.The first group of six large patrol ships and two helicopters joined the China Maritime Surveillance Force under the State Oceanic Administration in November 2005.A senior official of the China Maritime Surveillance Force, who declined to give his full name, told Xinhua that the agency has finished building the second group of three patrol ships and has purchased three helicopters."The remaining four vessels will be put into use before June this year," said the official, surnamed Wu.The fleet expansion came as China is facing an increasingly heavier burden of safeguarding its seas rights and interests, said Wu.China's Ocean Development Report 2010 released last May said the country's maritime rights and interests faced complicated situations and safety threats.These include sovereignty over islands, sea delimitation, sea resources disputes, protecting the sea environment and new challenges such as delimitation of the continental shelf, safe passage on the seas and terrorism, it stated.China has a coastline of 32,000 km and 350,000 square km of territorial seawaters and internal waters. It also has 3 million square km of its exclusive economic zone as recognized under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea."Given the large sea territory, China's maritime surveillance force remains weak, even after all 13 patrol ships join the fleet," said Wu. "They're far from meeting all of our demands."Even following the expansion, the fleet would have only 47 patrol ships, with 26 in the 1,000-tonne-plus class, Wu added.Apart from the three fleets under the China Maritime Surveillance Force that cover the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East Sea and the South Sea, the coastal provinces and municipalities also have their own regional sea patrol forces.The regional forces planned to start building 36 sea patrol vessels this year to expand the county's sea surveillance fleet, Wu added.The expansion is among the key measures that help protect China's maritime interests and promote a sustainable ocean economy, said Zhang Hongsheng, deputy director of the State Oceanic Administration.

BEIJING, Jan. 9 (Xinhua) -- Lei Jieqiong, a founder and former leader of the China Association for Promoting Democracy (CAPD), died of illness in Beijing on Sunday. She was 106.Lei, with a master's degree from the University of Southern California, was also a well-known law and sociology scholar as well as a famous educator.Photo of Lei Jieqiong.She was chairwoman of the 7th to 9th Central Committee of the CAPD, and honorary president of the 10th and 11th CAPD Central Committee.A close friend of the Communist Party of China, Lei served as vice chairperson of the 6th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and vice chairperson of the standing committees of the 7th and 8th National People's Congress.

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