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PORT MORESBY, Papua New Guinea, Nov. 3 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang on Tuesday discussed bilateral relations and other issues of common concern with Papua New Guinean Prime Minister Michael Thomas Somare. Li said Papua New Guinea, as the largest developing country in the South Pacific, has great influence over regional issues.     He said China attaches great importance to bilateral ties with the Pacific island nation, which China has always regarded as a reliable friend and partner.     In recent years, Li said, the two countries have conducted frequent high-level exchanges, deepened political mutual trust, broadened exchanges and cooperation in an extensive number of sectors. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (R) shakes hands with Papua New Guinean Prime Minister Michael Thomas Somare in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, Oct. 3, 2009.    The two countries also have maintained good communication and coordination in multilateral affairs, Li said.     China appreciates the Papua New Guinean government's adherence to the one-China policy, Li said.     He said China is willing to work with Papua New Guinea to put into practice all of the important agreements reached by leaders from both countries, promote exchanges on various levels and explore the potential for economic and trade cooperation.     The vice premier said China has always been supportive of Papua New Guinea's social and economic progress, and would continue to provide assistance to the best of its ability.     Somare, on his part, said his government cherishes its cooperative relationship with China and that the past 33 years have witnessed marked development of the relationship.     He said, as the country's sixth largest trading partner, China has played an active and significant role in promoting Papua New Guinea's social and economical development.     During the talks, Somare reaffirmed his country's continued adherence to the one-China policy.     Li said China and Papua New Guinea have economies that are complementary to each other's and there is huge potential for cooperation.     Two-way trade totaled 860 million U.S. dollars in 2008.     The vice premier said China will continue to encourage more of its enterprises to invest in Papua New Guinea. Both countries, he said, should broaden their areas of cooperation to agriculture, manufacturing and high-tech, apart from energy and resources.     Somare said Papua New Guinea would like to strengthen cooperation with China in trade, investment, agriculture, infrastructure, manufacturing, education and healthcare.     He also said the preferential loans China has provided to Pacific island nations over the past three years have greatly helped the overall economic and social development of these nations.     Li arrived here on Tuesday on an official visit to Papua New Guinea, the last leg of his three-nation tour. Ha has already visited Australia and New Zealand.

BEIJING, Dec. 15 (Xinhua) -- Senior officials of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) pledged here Tuesday to improve relations between the two states and parties. "As neighboring socialist countries, China and Vietnam share broad strategic interest, and are capable of improving bilateral ties," said He Guoqiang, a Standing Committee member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and head of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.     During a one-hour meeting at the Great Hall of the People in downtown Beijing, He briefed To Huy Rua, a member of the Political Bureau of the CPV Central Committee, on CPC's experiences and latest decisions on party building. He Guoqiang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau and also secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of CPC, meets with To Huy Rua, a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) Central Committee,in Beijing, China, Dec. 15, 2009    To Huy Rua said exchanges between the two parties were important to bilateral relations and he hoped the two parties would continue to share experiences and learn from each other.     The CPC and the CPV held a seminar on theories and practice in coping with financial crisis in Xiamen of Fujian Province on Dec. 12.

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States have agreed to continue dialogue and cooperation in macroeconomic and financial policies as the recovery of the global economy remains unsteady, Chinese President Hu Jintao told the press here on Tuesday after his talks with visiting U.S. President Barack Obama.     Hu said he and President Obama exchanged views on the current global financial situation and held that given the positive signs of the recovering global economy, the foundation of it was far from solid.     "We both agreed to properly handle trade frictions between the two countries through negotiations on an equal basis, and to make concerted efforts to boost bilateral trade and economic ties in a healthy and steady way," said Hu.     "I stressed to President Obama that under the current situation, both China and the United States should oppose and resist protectionism in all forms in an even stronger stand," he said.

BEIJING, Oct. 26 -- Delegations from more than 84 countries and regions will participate the ITD conference Monday, and a host of international experts from governments, the private sector and academia will make presentations and lead discussions on this important topic.     The ITD is a cooperative venture formed in 2002 and comprised of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Commission and the UK Department for International Development.     Its purpose is to foster dialogue on important topics in tax policy and administration and to function as a disseminator and repository of information on matters of interest in taxation around the world, through its website, www.itdweb.org.     The IMF attaches great importance to its role as a founding member of the ITD. Recent events in the world economy have made even clearer the necessity of international cooperation and sharing experience in economic matters, and this is the very purpose, which the ITD serves.     The topic of this conference is a timely and critical one. The world has been reminded recently and forcefully of the great importance of the financial sector for macroeconomic stability, growth, and development goals. The sector plays a critical intermediating function - without it credit could not exist, capital could not be channeled to useful purposes and risks could not be managed.     The conference will take place against the background of the worst financial and economic crisis to strike the world in three generations, and, while taxation was not itself the cause of the crisis, elements of the tax system are relevant to its background and resolution.     Most tax systems embody incentives for corporations, financial institutions and in some cases individuals to use debt rather than equity finance.     This is likely to have contributed to the crisis by leading to higher levels of debt than would otherwise have existed - even though there were no obvious tax changes that would explain rapid increases in debt. Tax distortions may also have encouraged the development of complex and opaque financial instruments and structures, including through extensive use of low-tax jurisdictions - which in turn contributed to the difficulty of identifying true levels of risk.     The magnitude of the fiscal challenges facing the world economy is greater than at any other time since World War II.     Estimates done by IMF staff on the fiscal adjustment necessary to bring government debt-to-GDP ratios down to 60 percent by 2030 - over 20 years hence - show a gap in the cyclically adjusted primary balances of some 8 percentage points of GDP in advanced economies to be closed between 2010 and 2020.     This cannot all be accomplished by expenditure reduction. New, or increased, sources of revenue will need to be found, on average perhaps 3 percentage points of GDP. While improvements in compliance and administration could account for some of that gap, it will be necessary to adjust tax policies to a degree not hitherto seen on a wide scale.     Although the world economy remains weak with downside risks and much hardship remain, signs of improvement are thankfully now visible.     This is an opportune juncture, therefore, to begin the work of planning countries' exits from the deteriorated fiscal positions developed in response to the crisis, and to give thought to questions raised by the performance of the financial sector in triggering the crisis.     What role can better tax policies and administration play in preventing a recurrence of this costly episode in economic history?     The financial sector has been, and must continue to be, a critical link in the development of the world's economies. The sector has played a key role in accelerating the development of the emerging markets - many of which, prior to this most recent episode, had grown able to tap the world's financial resources at an increasing rate unparalleled in history.     And for the world's most vulnerable economies, continued financial deepening will be absolutely necessary to permit them to meet their development goals. The upcoming conference will consider the role of taxation in both the industrial and developing countries with respect to these goals.     The conference will address not only the role of the financial sector as a source of revenue itself, and its broader role in the development and growth of the world economy, but also its function in assisting in administration of the tax system-through information reporting, collection of tax payments, and withholding.     This latter role will become ever more important with growing international cooperation in fighting tax evasion and avoidance.     Finally, we must not lose sight of the main function of the tax system - to raise revenue in an economically efficient, non-distortionary, and administratively feasible manner.     Even fully recognizing the existence of both market failures and policy-induced vulnerabilities, including those that contributed to this crisis, it is important to avoid accidentally introducing distortions through the tax system that may prove worse than the evils they are intended to remedy.     "Neutrality" of taxation of the financial sector in this sense is a benchmark against which deviations from this objective may be measured and judged.     One must ask whether any proposed interventions are targeted at a recognized externality or existing distortion, and, if so, whether the proposed action is the most appropriate response. And the multilateral institutions, in particular, must look to the effects which the financial sector and its taxation may have not only on the world's highly developed economies-those with the greatest depth of financial intermediation-but at the effects, direct and indirect, on the world's developing nations.     International cooperation on these matters will be critical to making improvements that will benefit all of us. This week's important event, hosted by the Chinese government and organized by the ITD, is itself a model in this regard.

BEIJING, Nov. 17 (Xinhua) -- China and the United States singed a joint statement here Tuesday after talks between Chinese President Hu Jintao and his U.S. counterpart Barack Obama, agreeing that "the transition to a green and low-carbon economy is essential."     Both China and the United States believed the clean energy industry will provide vast opportunities for citizens of both countries in the years ahead, said the statement signed during Obama' s first visit to China since taking office in January.     According to the statement, the two sides welcomed significant steps forward to advance policy dialogue and practical cooperation on climate change, energy and the environment, building on the China-U.S. Memorandum of Understanding to Enhance Cooperation on Climate Change, Energy and Environment announced at the first round of China-U.S. Strategic and Economic Dialogues in July and formally signed during Obama' s visit.     The statement said both sides recognized the importance of the Ten Year Framework on Energy and Environment Cooperation (TYF) and are committed to strengthening cooperation in promoting clean air, water, transportation, electricity, and resources conservation.     Through a new China-U.S. Energy Efficiency Action Plan under the TYF, both countries "will work together to achieve cost-effective energy efficiency improvement in industry, buildings and consumer products through technical cooperation, demonstration and policy exchanges," said the statement.     Noting both countries' significant investment in energy efficiency, the two Presidents underscored the enormous opportunities to create jobs and enhance economic growth brought by energy savings.     The two countries welcomed the signing of the Protocol Between the Ministry of Science and Technology, National Energy Administration of the People's Republic of China and the Department of Energy of the United States of America on a Clean Energy Research Center, according to the document.     The Center will facilitate joint research and development on clean energy by scientists and engineers from both countries. It will have one headquarters in each country, with public and private funding of at least 150 million U.S. dollars over five years split evenly between the two countries. Priority topics to be addressed will include energy efficiency in buildings, clean coal (including carbon capture and sequestration), and clean vehicles.     The two sides welcomed the launch of China-U.S. Electric Vehicles Initiative designed to put millions of electric vehicles on the roads of both countries in the years ahead, the statement said.     Building on significant investments in electric vehicles in both the United States and China, the two governments announced a program of joint demonstration projects in more than a dozen cities, along with work to develop common technical standards to facilitate rapid scale-up of the industry, the statement said, adding that the two sides agreed that their countries share a strong common interest in the rapid deployment of clean vehicles.     About 21st century coal technologies, the two countries agreed to promote cooperation on large-scale carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) demonstrations projects and begin work immediately on the development, deployment, diffusion and transfer of CCS technology. The two sides welcomed recent agreements between Chinese and U.S. companies, universities and research institutions to cooperate on CCS and more efficient coal technologies.     With regard to joint efforts on tackling the climate change, the two sides welcomed the signing of the Memorandum of Cooperation between the National Development and Reform Commission of China and Environmental Protection Agency of the United States to Build Capacity to Address Climate Change.     The statement said the two sides welcomed the launch of a China-U.S. Renewable Energy Partnership, through which the two countries will chart a pathway to wide-scale deployment of wind, solar, advanced bio-fuels and a modern electric power grid in both countries and cooperate in designing and implementing the policy and technical tools necessary to make that vision possible.     Shared confidence on the bilateral cooperation in this field was expressed by the statement, which said that given the combined market size of the two countries, accelerated deployment of renewable energy in China and the United States can significantly reduce the cost of these technologies globally.     On the promotion of the peaceful use of nuclear energy, the two sides agreed to consult with one another in order to explore such approaches--including assurance of fuel supply and cradle-to-grave nuclear fuel management so that countries can access peaceful nuclear power while minimizing the risks of proliferation.