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July 2019 has replaced July 2016 as the hottest month on record, with meteorologists saying that global temperatures marginally exceeded the previous record.The European Union's Copernicus Climate Change Programme, which analyzes temperature data from around the planet, said that July was around 0.56 °C warmer than the global average temperature between 1981-2010.That's slightly hotter than July 2016, when the world was in the throes of one of the strongest El Ni?o events on record.El Ni?o events are characterized by warming of the ocean waters in the Pacific Ocean and have a pronounced warming effect on the Earth's average temperature.Though there was a weak El Ni?o in place during the first part of 2019, it is transitioning to a more neutral phase, making the extreme July temperatures even more alarming.Jean-No?l Thépaut, head of the Copernicus program, said: "While July is usually the warmest month of the year for the globe, according to our data it also was the warmest month recorded globally by a very small margin.""With continued greenhouse gas emissions and the resulting impact on global temperatures, records will continue to be broken in the future," he added.According to Copernicus, 2015 through 2018 have been the four warmest years on record. April, May and July this year all ranked among the warmest on record for those months, and this June was the hottest ever.Freja Vamborg, a senior scientist at Copernicus, told CNN last week that the data suggested we are on track for the second-hottest year ever, after 2016.The temperature record was close to 1.2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.This means we are rapidly approaching the crucial threshold of 1.5 degrees, which will precipitate the risk of extreme weather events and food shortages for hundreds of millions of people.The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change warned last year that we have until 2030 to avoid such catastrophic levels of global warming and called on governments to meet their obligations under the landmark 2015 Paris Agreement.Almost 200 countries and the European Union have pledged to keep the global temperature below 2 degrees Celsius as part of the Paris Agreement.Petteri Taalas, secretary-general of the World Meteorological Organization, said last week that this July has "rewritten climate history, with dozens of new temperature records at the local, national and global level."The July record comes after a period of extremely hot weather around the world.Intense heat waves have swept Europe this summer, breaking temperature records in at least a dozen countries. Scientists have warned that the world should expect more scorching heat waves and extreme weather due to climate change.Europe wasn't the only region baking in July. Anchorage, Alaska, recorded its hottest month ever, and extreme heat helped facilitate "unprecedented" wildfires in the Arctic and triggered mass melting of Greenland's ice sheet."This is not science fiction. It is the reality of climate change. It is happening now, and it will worsen in the future without urgent climate action. Time is running out to rein in dangerous temperature increases with multiple impacts on our planet," Taalas stressed. 3230

Imagine knowing you have pancreatic cancer and your doctor is unwilling to tell you how bad it is because they’re uncomfortable.That’s the situation Dr. Ron Naito, a now-retired physician, found himself in this past August.“It’s never an easy task to tell someone they have a terminal illness. How can it be?” Naito says, sitting on a couch in his home in Portland, Oregon. “I mean it brings your own mortality into the picture for one thing.”Naito has stage 4 pancreatic cancer, and as a doctor himself, he knows full well what that means. It can mean a person only has months to live.“Of all the major cancers, the one with most dire of all prognoses is probably pancreatic,” Naito explains. “Particularly what I have, which is stage 4. And I don’t think he felt comfortable telling me or discussing it.”Not only was one specialist unwilling to discuss the severity of his illness, but Naito found out about the size of his tumor from a second specialist in a less than optimal way, as well. He overheard the doctor talking to a medical student just outside his open exam room door.“They were walking this way and they said, ‘5 centimeters.’ He told the medical student. Then, they were walking the other way,” he recalls. “And I heard the words, ‘very bad,’ and I knew it was me, obviously. I know that pancreatic cancer if they exceed 3 centimeters, it’s a negative sign.”The doctor never did talk to him face to face about the precise size of his tumor.Naito says he didn’t think it was “very professional,” but even so, he has no anger toward his doctors. Instead he says it highlights how easy it is for a doctor to be careless.“They’re not uncaring. It’s just that they don’t have any experience or training. Nobody’s there to guide them,” Naito says. “And there’s no book on this. I mean you can’t go to the medical school library and check out a book on how can you deliver a dire diagnosis to patients. That book does not exist. I don’t think.”That’s why Naito not only choosing to speak out in the months he has left--despite his weakness--but it’s also why he’s given Oregon Health and Science University’s Center for Ethics in Healthcare a grant so people like Dr. Katie Stowers can teach the next generation how to better deliver news to someone who’s dying.“Unfortunately, Dr. Naito’s experience is not an anomaly,” Stowers says.Stowers is the inaugural “Ronald Naito Director of Serious Illness Education” at OHSU. Medical students under Stowers’ guidance must now pass a unique final exam, delivering grim news in mock scenarios.“It’s not that doctors don’t want to do better. It’s not that doctors are bad or inhumane, it’s that they just haven’t been taught how to do this the right way,” Stowers says.Naito, who has outlived his prognosis but estimates he may only have about six months left, says doing it the right way all comes down to one thing.“When you’re talking to your patient that has terminal illness, you have to realize your doctor and patient roles become a little bit blurred,” he says, fighting back tear. “Because, basically, you’re just two souls. You’re two human beings meeting at a very deep level. You’re in charge with giving this other person the most devastating news they will receive in their lifetime potentially.”It’s a very crucial moment, Naito says. 3314

If you use eye drops, this might be a good time to check your medicine cabinet.Several eye drops and ointments exclusively sold at Walmart and Walgreen stores have been recalled because they may not be sterile, the Food and Drug Administration said.Altaire Pharmaceuticals Inc. issued voluntary recalls for various Equate products, including for allergy relief, solutions, eye drops and gel drops -- 414

It was the battle that liberated Western Europe from Nazi Germany's control: June 6, 1944 was the beginning of the Battle of Normandy in World War II.This year marks the 75th anniversary of that date, called "D-Day." More than 156,000 American, British and Canadian forces were allies when they landed on five beaches along 50 miles of the Normandy region of France.History shows the invasion was one of the biggest and most-planned military assaults. The Germans were misled about where an invasion may occur. Adolf Hitler knew a strike was coming, but he did not know where.Two months after D-Day, northern France was free, and within a year, the Germans were all defeated by the group of allies.The invasion at Normandy is thought of as the beginning of the end of war in Europe, 795

Jenny Bennett found her toddler floating in her family's pool, face-down, fully clothed. The 18-month-old had crawled through their home's pet door. An ER nurse, Bennett started CPR and rescue breathing on little Jackson while her husband called 911.Jackson was declared brain-dead after four days on life support."People automatically assume it happens to bad or neglectful parents," Bennett said.She spent two years going over and over the mistakes she made and finally decided to go public as an advocate for swim safety in her community of Tomball, Texas.Bennett thought she had taken the right precautions. She had two doors separating the house from the pool: a storm door over the back door and tight cover on the pet door. "We understood a doggy door was a risk for him to make it to the pool. We made it very clear that the dog door remains locked."But that day was unusual. She had to pick her husband up from work after his truck broke down and grabbed her three kids. With no time to let the dogs out, she opened the dog door and left the house. "I was too impatient to wait for them."When the family returned, she forgot it was open."There was a lapse in supervision. We thought he was safe upstairs with his sisters."Drowning is highly preventableThe Bennetts' story is not unusual. Nearly 1,000 children 1331