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Smoke masks. Eye drops. No outdoor exercise. This is how Californians are trying to cope with wildfires choking the state, but experts say an increase in serious health problems may be almost inevitable for vulnerable residents as the disasters become more commonplace.Research suggests children, the elderly and those with existing health problems are most at risk.Short-term exposure to wildfire smoke can worsen existing asthma and lung disease, leading to emergency room treatment or hospitalization, studies have shown.Increases in doctor visits or hospital treatment for respiratory infections, bronchitis and pneumonia in otherwise healthy people also have been found during and after wildfires.RELATED: Missing-persons list tops 600 in Camp FireSome studies also have found increases in ER visits for heart attacks and strokes in people with existing heart disease on heavy smoke days during previous California wildfires, echoing research on potential risks from urban air pollution.For most healthy people, exposure to wildfire smoke is just an annoyance, causing burning eyes, scratchy throats or chest discomfort that all disappear when the smoke clears.But doctors, scientists and public health officials are concerned that the changing face of wildfires will pose a much broader health hazard."Wildfire season used to be June to late September. Now it seems to be happening all year round. We need to be adapting to that," Dr. Wayne Cascio, a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency cardiologist, said this week.In an overview published earlier this year, Cascio wrote that the increasing frequency of large wildland fires, urban expansion into wooded areas and an aging population are all increasing the number of people at risk for health problems from fires.Wood smoke contains some of the same toxic chemicals as urban air pollution, along with tiny particles of vapor and soot 30 times thinner than a human hair. These can infiltrate the bloodstream, potentially causing inflammation and blood vessel damage even in healthy people, research on urban air pollution has shown. Studies have linked heart attacks and cancer with long-term exposure to air pollution.Whether exposure to wildfire smoke carries the same risks is uncertain, and determining harm from smog versus wildfire smoke can be tricky, especially with wind-swept California wildfires spreading thick smoke hundreds of miles away into smoggy big cities."That is the big question," said Dr. John Balmes, a University of California, San Francisco, professor of medicine who studies air pollution."Very little is known about the long-term effects of wildfire smoke because it's hard to study populations years after a wildfire," Balmes said.Decreased lung function has been found in healthy firefighters during fire season. They tend to recover but federal legislation signed this year will establish a U.S. registry tracking firefighters and potential risks for various cancers, including lung cancer. Some previous studies suggested a risk.Balmes noted that increased lung cancer rates have been found in women in developing countries who spend every day cooking over wood fires.That kind of extreme exposure doesn't typically happen with wildfires, but experts worry about the kinds of health damage that may emerge for firefighters and residents with these blazes occurring so often.Whether that includes more cancer is unknown. "We're concerned about that," Balmes said.Regular folks breathing in all that smoke worry about the risks too.Smoke from the fire that decimated the Northern California city of Paradise darkened skies this week in San Francisco, nearly 200 miles southwest, and the air smelled "like you were camping," said Michael Northover, a contractor.He and his 14-year-old son have first-time sinus infections that Northover blames on the smoke."We're all kind of feeling it," Northover said.The smoke was so thick in San Francisco, the skyline was barely visible from across the Bay. The city's iconic open-air cable cars that are popular with tourists were pulled off the streets Thursday because of the bad air.An Environmental Protection Agency website said air quality in Sacramento was "hazardous" Thursday and San Francisco's was "very unhealthy." Many people walking around the cities wore face masks.Most schools in San Francisco, Sacramento, Oakland and Folsom said they would be closed Friday. At least six universities in Northern California canceled classes Thursday.At Chico State University, 11 miles (18 kilometers) from Paradise, ash fell this week and classes were canceled until after Thanksgiving."It's kind of freaky to see your whole town wearing air masks and trying to get out of smoke," said freshman Mason West, 18. "You can see the particles. Obviously, it's probably not good to be breathing that stuff in."West returned home this week to Santa Rosa, hard hit by last year's wine country fires, only to find it shrouded in smoke from the Paradise fire 100 miles (160 kilometers) away. West's family had to evacuate last year for a week, but their home was spared."It's as bad here as it was in Chico," West said. "It almost feels like you just can't get away from it."Smoke has been so thick in Santa Rosa that researchers postponed a door-to-door survey there for a study of health effects of last year's fire."We didn't feel we could justify our volunteer interns going knocking on doors when all the air quality alerts were saying stay indoors," said Irva Hertz-Picciotto, a public health researcher at the University of California, Davis. The study includes an online survey of households affected by last year's fire, with responses from about 6,000 people so far.Preliminary data show widespread respiratory problems, eye irritations, anxiety, depression and sleep problems around the time of the fire and months later."Conventional thinking is that these effects related to fires are transient. It's not entirely clear that's the case," Hertz-Picciotto said.Researchers also will be analyzing cord blood and placentas collected from a few dozen women who were pregnant during the fire, seeking evidence of stress markers or exposure to smoke chemicals.They hope to continue the study for years, seeking evidence of long-term physical and emotional harms to fire evacuees and their children.Other studies have linked emotional stress in pregnant women to developmental problems in their children and "this was quite a stress," Hertz-Picciotto said.It's a kind of stress that many people need to prepare for as the climate warms and wildfires proliferate, she said."Any of us could wake up tomorrow and lose everything we own," she said. "It's pretty scary."___Follow AP Medical Writer Lindsey Tanner at https://twitter.com/LindseyTanner . Her work can be found here .___The Associated Press Health & Science Department receives supportfrom the Howard Hughes Medical Institute's Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 7036

Starbucks announced in a press release Tuesday that it will close 8,000 company-owned stores in the United States on May 29 in order to provide its staff with mandatory racial-bias education.The stores will be closed during afternoon hours that day. At that time, employees will be required to attend a training session that will address "implicit bias, promote conscious inclusion, prevent discrimination and ensure everyone inside a Starbucks store feels safe and welcome."The press release states that the program will be developed with "national and local experts on confronting racial bias," along with NAACP officials and former Attorney General Eric Holder.The announcement comes just days after two black men were arrested at a Philadelphia Starbucks. The police were called because the men chose not to order anything. The men were later released when the company chose not to press charges.Starbucks CEO Kevin Johnson apologized for the arrest on Monday, calling the situation "reprehensible.""Starbucks stands firmly against discrimination or racial profiling," Johnson said. 1109

SILVER SPRING, Md. (AP) — Uber finally got its food delivery company, acquiring Postmates in a .65 billion all-stock deal, the ride-hailing giant has confirmed.The deal helps Uber and its Ubereats food-delivery division pick up some ground against industry leader DoorDash, which controls about 37% of the U.S. food delivery market. That’s compared with Uber Eats’ 20% share before the Postmates deal. Grubhub holds around 30%.Last month, Uber lost out in a bid for Grubhub, which would have made it the dominant U.S. food-delivery service. But Amsterdam-based Just Eat Takeaway.com ended up nabbing Chicago-based Grubhub in a .3 billion deal.Uber writes in a press release that Postmates is highly complementary to Uber Eats, with differentiated geographic focus areas and customer demographics.Uber says consumers will benefit from expanded choice across a wider range of restaurants and other merchants, and delivery people will enjoy more opportunities to earn income, with increased batching of orders to make better use of their time.“Uber and Postmates have long shared a belief that platforms like ours can power much more than just food delivery—they can be a hugely important part of local commerce and communities, all the more important during crises like COVID-19. As more people and more restaurants have come to use our services, Q2 bookings on Uber Eats are up more than 100 percent year on year. We’re thrilled to welcome Postmates to the Uber family as we innovate together to deliver better experiences for consumers, delivery people, and merchants across the country,” said Uber CEO Dara Khosrowshahi.“Over the past eight years we have been focused on a single mission: enable anyone to have anything delivered to them on-demand. Joining forces with Uber will continue that mission as we continue to build Postmates while creating an even stronger platform that brings this mission to life for our customers. Uber and Postmates have been strong allies working together to advocate and create the best practices across our industry, especially for our couriers. Together we can ensure that as our industry continues to grow, it will do so for the benefit of everyone in the communities we serve,” said Postmates Co-Founder and CEO Bastian Lehmann. 2278

Standing in the kitchen of her family’s temporary rental home in Cape Elizabeth, Maine, 13-year-old Elizabeth Wilk reflects back on the spring that was taken away from her and countless other teenagers across the country.Wilk was a 7th grader in Baltimore when the pandemic hit, and classes were abruptly halted to stop the spread of the virus. Then in May, her mom got a new job in Maine. There was never a real chance to say goodbye to any of her friends in person.“It felt so sudden,” she recalled. ‘That it was almost like I was too rushed for a lot of sadness.”Before she or her younger brother, Charlie Wilk, knew it, this family of four was packing up a U-Haul and headed to Maine. It was nearly 500 miles away from everything they knew.“It’s been hard to find friends that are my own,” Elizabeth Wilk added about the realities of relocating during a pandemic.Having seen this kind of place in her dreams, Elizabeth Wilk’s mom, Shannon Wilk, always imagined that moving to coastal Maine would be like a never-ending vacation. But this family and so many others across the country have realized it's been hard to put down roots in a new place because of COVID-19. Shannon Wilk spends most of her days working remotely from the basement of her home.“I feel like we’re not really part of this community yet. I get up every morning and I come to my basement,” she said.With millions of Americans out of work though, Shannon Wilk knew that when she landed a new job at Spinnaker Trust in Portland, Maine, she had to take it.“I’m lucky I was offered a job and the job offered stayed in place,” she added.The Wilks’ story is just one among many in the American struggle to cope with COVID-19 as major life plans are panning out in different ways than we imagined.“There comes a point where you have to make the decision, are we going to go or not?” Shannon Wilk said.There has been a bit of a silver lining though. With so many Americans working from basically anywhere right now, it’s given companies new flexibility in who they’re hiring.Shannon Wilk’s boss, Caitlin Dimillo, says her company can now expand their candidate search pool when posting new positions.“We don’t need somebody down the street that can come into the physical office,” Dimillo said.As for the Wilk kids, they are both looking forward to school starting in a few weeks, even if in-person learning is only two days a week. 2405

Special counsel Robert Mueller has subpoenaed the Trump Organization for business documents, a source familiar with the matter told CNN on Thursday.The New York Times, which first reported the development, said the subpoena included documents related to Russia. The reports mark the first publicly known time that Mueller has demanded documents related to President Donald Trump's businesses. 400

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