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WASHINGTON, April 11 (Xinhua) -- Taking a statin before having major elective surgery reduces potentially serious kidney complications, according to a study appearing in an upcoming issue of the Journal of the American Society Nephrology.Each year, more than 230 million major elective surgeries are performed around the world. Unfortunately, many patients who undergo major operations develop kidney injury soon after surgery, often due to decreased blood flow to the kidneys and/or the effects of inflammation.Animal studies suggest that the cholesterol-lowering drugs called statins protect the kidneys from such damage, but whether a similar benefit occurs in humans is uncertain. To investigate, Amber Molnar, University of Western Ontario, and colleagues conducted a population-based retrospective study of all older patients who underwent major elective surgery in the province of Ontario, Canada from 1995 to 2008. Surgeries included cardiac, thoracic, vascular, intra-abdominal, and retroperitoneal procedures.A total of 213,347 patients from 211 hospitals underwent major elective surgery, and 4,020 patients (1.9 percent) developed postoperative kidney injury within two weeks of surgery. A total of 1,173 patients (0.5 percent) required dialysis within two weeks of surgery, and 5,974 patients (2.8 percent) died within a month of surgery.Prior to surgery, 67,941 patients (32 percent) were taking a statin. Patients taking a statin were 20 percent less likely to develop kidney injury, need dialysis, and die compared to patients who were not taking a statin. Also, there was evidence of a dose-effect, with patients on higher potency statins having less kidney injury. In addition, statins were beneficial whether they were started greater than 90 days or less than 30 days prior to surgery."Our study suggests that statin use in older persons results in less kidney injury following major elective surgery and reduces the risk of premature death after surgery," said Molnar, adding that the results warrant further investigation with more rigorous studies, but such trials will be difficult to carry out.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 4 (Xinhua) -- Major trading partners of the United States, including China, did not manipulate their currencies to gain an unfair advantage in international trade in 2010, according to a report released by the U.S Treasury Department on Friday."Based on the resumption of exchange rate flexibility last June and the acceleration of the pace of real bilateral appreciation over the past few months," China's behavior did not qualify under the official definition of manipulation, the Treasury said in its long-delayed semiannual report to the Congress on International Economic and Exchange Rate Policies.With respect to exchange rate policies, ten economies were reviewed in this report, accounting for nearly three-fourths of U. S. trade. Many of the economies have fully flexible exchange rates. A few have more tightly managed exchanges rates, with varying degrees of management."No major trading partners of the United States" met the standards identified by the Congress as currency manipulator, concluded the report.Since the June 19, 2010 announcement by China's central bank of greater exchange rate flexibility, its currency, also known as renminbi (RMB) has appreciated 3.7 percent against the dollar, or about 6 percent annualized. The renminbi has appreciated 26 percent in total against the dollar since 2005.The Treasury said that because inflation in China is significantly higher than it is in the U.S., the RMB has been appreciating more rapidly against the dollar on a real, inflation- adjusted basis, at a rate which if sustained would amount to more than 10 percent per year.The U.S. accuses Beijing of keeping its currency undervalued, flooding the country with cheap exports and costing U.S. jobs. But many economists believe that the appreciation of RMB will help little to the U.S. employment."Treasury today again made the right call on China's currency policy in its latest exchange rate report," John Frisbie, President of the U.S.-China Business Council (USCBC) said in a statement after the U.S. Treasury Department'report."While USCBC believes that China should allow its exchange rate to better reflect market forces, designating China as a ' manipulator' would achieve nothing. USCBC continues to support the Obama administration's approach of combined multilateral and bilateral engagement with China as the most effective way to make progress on the exchange rate issue."

SINGAPORE, April 21 (Xinhua) -- Singapore's first locally-built satellite has been officially launched from a space center in India after a four-year delay, Singapore media reported on Thursday.The 105 kg fridge-size X-Sat was one of three riding on Isro's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C16) from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in India on Wednesday. It will be used to take photographs to measure soil erosion and environmental changes on earth, local daily Straits Times said.The launch at 12:42 p.m. on Wednesday was the 18th successful lift-off since the maiden flight of PSLV in 1994.The satellite was designed and built by Singapore's Nanyang Technological University and Singapore's defense research body DSO National Laboratories.Now in orbit, the satellite is establishing communication contact with the ground control in Nanyang Technological University, a process that is likely to take up to a week.The launch capped more than nine years of hard work by scientists and engineers. It also makes Singapore one of the first countries in Southeast Asia to have its own satellite in space. Previous satellite launched by Singapore involved construction efforts by foreign companies.

JERUSALEM, May 2 (Xinhua) -- Traditional farming may have found an ally on the Internet, via an Israeli "cloud-based" software system that enables farmers to get professional information and tips from colleagues worldwide.And IBM is interested in what they have to say.Agriculture Knowledge On-Line (AKOL) says its Internet-based system can aid global agriculture by utilizing the collective knowledge of kibbutzim (communal farms in Israel) and other agricultural experts, to offer small farmers personalized solutions to improve dairy output and crop production, and better prevent droughts.Owned by Kibbutz Bror Hayil in southern Israel, the software house has recently signed a cooperation and development agreement with IBM to manage access and technology issues."What we do here is like a bank of information and IBM provides the special tools for the end users," AKOL's CEO Roni Shani told Xinhua, "and you can do what we call 'agricultural market.'""For example, if someone in Australia needs advice on how to grow their crops better, they can just ask our advice or search through our database to find the best product for the country they 're growing the crops in," Shani said."Let's say someone in India, a small farmer, has a problem with their crop or chickens," Shani explained, noting that "it's usually very expensive and time consuming to get someone to come and check what is wrong."But, for a monthly fee, a basic subscription service enables the end user to access the software database, which allows "the farmer to just look at the pictures and pick the one that will explain what the disease or problem is and offer a solution, and if it is available in their country."AKOL claims about 1,000 customers over the globe."We just started developing it for use outside of the kibbutz with IBM's help," Shani said, "and we are developing it also in other parts of the world, like China. Right now we're cooperating with the Chinese government to help milk producers get the most out of their milking systems."Israel is one of the leading countries in milk production, with each cow yielding around 12,000 liters of milk a year on average. Two Chinese provinces plan to use AKOL's milking control system, in order to better manage their herds and equipment and increase milk production."And this is just the beginning," Shani explained, "because we are also working with other developing countries. This software will help millions of small farmers in rural or impoverished areas, that will be able to get advice and benefit from other farmers' experience on the spot and at a very affordable rate."

LOS ANGELES, May 11 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have found MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in meats sold at U.S. supermarkets, according to a study published on Wednesday.This is "community-acquired MRSA" that is transmitted by humans carrying the bacteria, researchers at Wayne State University in Detroit reported in the study appearing in the May 11 online edition of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's ( CDC's) journal Emerging Infectious Diseases.For the study, the researchers purchased 289 raw meat samples, including 156 beef, 76 chicken and 57 turkey samples, from 30 grocery stores in Detroit from August 2009 through January 2010.The researchers found that 22.5 percent of the samples were contaminated with S. aureus and six samples tested positive for MRSA.Of the six samples contaminated with MRSA, two were beef, three were chicken and one was turkey, the researchers said.The extent of MRSA contamination in meat varies by the type of meat and where the meat was processed, said lead researcher Yifan Zhang, an assistant professor in the department of nutrition and food science at the university.The germ is apparently being introduced by humans handling the meat, she said.According to another recent study, the strain of MRSA in meat in the United States is not the strain found in animals, Zhang noted."MRSA has always been found in human patients, but we found this in retail meat, so retail meat can be a reservoir of these bugs," said Zhang."When people handle food, they can get the bugs from the meat if the meat is already contaminated," she explained.The risk of becoming infected is especially high if you have open cuts or sores on your hands or skin, Zhang added.MRSA is common in hospitals and nursing homes, where it can cause serious illness and even death.But recently "community-acquired MRSA" has become a problem among some high school and college athletes who share equipment.This type of MRSA appears as a skin infection and is usually less serious, according to CDC.MRSA is killed when the meat is cooked thoroughly, experts say.Other precaution measures include:-- Wear gloves when handling meat, especially when there are wounds on the hands;-- Washing plates or utensils used to prepare food before using them again to eat; and-- Disinfect counters that have come into contact with meats.

来源：资阳报