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The excitement of two COVID-19 vaccines with more than 90 percent efficacy is undeniable.In November, both Pfizer and Moderna announced its scientists had developed vaccines with efficacy at or near 95 percent, but scientists are warning these vaccines are not the "silver bullet" to ending the pandemic.“We don’t want to give the public the impression that there’s an emergency use authorization and these vaccines become available in a small amount in December and we can go back to our pre-pandemic behavior,” said William Moss, executive director of the International Vaccine Access Center at Johns Hopkins.In June, the FDA released its vaccine guidelines, saying it would consider emergency use authorization for any vaccine testing with at least 50 percent effectiveness, so there is a reason for celebration, according to Moss, but only after certain questions about the vaccine are answered.Dr. Anthony Fauci has said the initial vaccines will prevent symptoms in those who become infected, rather than kill the virus itself. Moss says that means immunized people might be able to spread COVID-19 to others.He also wonders how long immunization will last. One year? Three years? Will booster doses be needed? They're all careful considerations that will only emerge once one is put into play, according to Moss.“It’s obviously tragic that the [COVID] cases are occurring that quickly, but it does help a vaccine trial because otherwise you just have to wait that much longer for samples to come in,” said Moss.The vaccine process has innovated how scientists and researchers approach these types of situations, however, according to Moss.In traditional vaccines, a small dose of the virus is injected into the body so the immune system can create antibodies. In the COVID-19 vaccine, though, both Moderna and Pfizer have used what is called messenger RNA (mRNA) where the virus’ genetic code is injected into the body so it can instruct cells on what antibodies to produce. Scientists say this way is faster, safer, and can create a stronger immune response as people are not exposed to the virus.“I suspect that if this all goes well and these vaccines are safe and continue to demonstrate 90 to 95 percent efficacy, we’re going to see other vaccines of a similar type,” said Moss. 2298

The FBI's top liaison on Capitol Hill is out.Greg Brower, an FBI assistant director and head of the Office of Congressional Affairs, stepped down last Friday after a year on the job. In the role, Brower was on the receiving end of a pack of congressional probes into the law enforcement agency's conduct.The decision, a "tough" one he made of his own accord, Brower said, follows other high-level departures from the bureau as FBI Director Christopher Wray assembles his own team of close advisers."It was tough but I had an offer I couldn't refuse from a great law firm," Brower said in an interview Thursday. "It was very gratifying to be a part of that team. I could not be more proud of how people work and how committed they are to the mission."Brower was appointed to the position by then-FBI director James Comey in March of 2017 after serving as the bureau's deputy general counsel. He will join the lobbying and law firm Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck as a shareholder in the litigation department.The work in the legislative affairs office has heated up during Brower's tenure, as the fallout from Comey's firing by President Donald Trump has fanned a growing mistrust of the FBI among some lawmakers and spurred a round of congressional investigations.Not long before Brower's departure, the chairman of the House Judiciary Committee slapped the Justice Department with a subpoena for documents related to a trio of recent controversial decisions made by the FBI, including the move in 2016 to not charge Hillary Clinton after the probe of her email server and the internal recommendation by an FBI office to fire former FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe.In response, Wray said last week that the pace of document production for congressional inquiries at the bureau was "too slow" and doubled the number of FBI staff responsible for reviewing the records.On Thursday, Brower said he had worked with the FBI's Office of the General Counsel, which reviews the internal documents for release, before his departure to get a "a better plan in place" to respond to "an unprecedented wave of oversight requests.""That's all really on track," Brower said, adding that his decision to leave had nothing to do with the probes. "As the director mentioned, it's probably taking longer than it should, but the volume is just so unprecedented that we finally had to put more people on it."Brower's year atop the office saw big wins for the bureau on Capitol Hill, including a six-year extension of the controversial foreign surveillance program known as FISA Section 702 in January and the recent passage of the CLOUD Act, which makes it easier for the US to collect data stored overseas."I felt like the biggest things I set off to do in '17 were done and I felt less bad about leaving," he said.Brower is the fifth top adviser to the director to leave his position since Trump tapped Wray to replace Comey in June. 2943

The founder of Twitter says the platform will soon remove the ability to "like" tweets.According to the Telegraph, Jack Dorsey spoke at a Twitter event last week where he said the feature would be gone "soon."The intent of this move is to improve the quality of debate on the social network.Twitter responded to the Telegraph's report with the following. 367

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said on Thursday that it’s investigating salmonella cases linked to pet bearded dragons and hedgehogs.The CDC said that 13 salmonella infections in eight states have been potentially tied to handling the pets. The CDC confirmed that seven of the infections resulted in hospitalizations. Ten of the 13 ill people reported contact with a bearded dragon.Those who reported illnesses said they purchased bearded dragons from pet stores, but a common supplier has not been identified.The CDC said that two similar outbreaks were tied to hedgehogs in the last decade.The CDC offers owners of pet bearded dragons and hedgehogs the following tips:Always wash hands thoroughly with soap and water right after touching your pet or anything in its environment.Don’t kiss or snuggle your pet because this can spread Salmonella germs to your face and mouth and make youKeep your pet out of your kitchen and other areas where you eat, store, or prepare food.Clean items you use to care for your pet outside the house, if possible. If you clean the items indoors, clean them in a laundry sink or bathtub. Make sure to thoroughly disinfect the area right after.Don’t let children younger than 5 touch the bearded dragon or hedgehog because young children are more likely to have severe Salmonella illness.Before bringing home a new pet, research the pet’s needs and see if it’s a good fit for your family. 1444

The General Services Administration, a government agency that assists incoming presidents with their transitions into the Oval Office, announced Monday that it has formally recognized President-elect Joe Biden’s victory in this month’s presidential election, according to a memo sent by the GSA.The announcement comes as the Trump campaign has been failing to gain traction in its legal battle against a number of states that Biden won.With the GSA’s decision, the White House will be required to provide intelligence briefings for Biden, along with classified government documents. The Biden team can also begin conducting background checks on potential hires before taking office on January 20, 2021.Last week, Biden said that the lack of a formal transition could have set the United States’ response to the coronavirus back.“I am optimistic but we should be further along,” Biden last week said during a virtual call with first responders. “One of the problem that we are having now is the failure of the administration to recognize (the results)."Since the Associated Press projected Biden as the winner of the election on Nov. 7, President Donald Trump and his campaign has made multiple claims that the election was stolen, and accusing election officials of fraud. So far, Trump’s campaign has not been able to substantiate any evidence of fraud in court, and has had a number of lawsuits dismissed.After past presidential elections, the apparent winner is given funding and access to documents to begin the transition.Biden pointed to the Presidential Transition Act of 1963, which says that government services and documents be made available to the “apparent” victor of the presidential election.While Trump did not concede on Monday, he said he is recommending his team to cooperate in the transition of power. "I want to thank Emily Murphy at GSA for her steadfast dedication and loyalty to our Country," Trump tweeted. "She has been harassed, threatened, and abused – and I do not want to see this happen to her, her family, or employees of GSA. Our case STRONGLY continues, we will keep up the good fight, and I believe we will prevail! Nevertheless, in the best interest of our Country, I am recommending that Emily and her team do what needs to be done with regard to initial protocols, and have told my team to do the same."GSA Administrator Emily Murphy said in letter that she had received threats, and that she was no coerced into delaying the announcement of an apparent winner."To be clear, I did not receive any direction to delay my determination," Murphy said in a letter to the Biden-Harris transition. "I did, however, receive threats online, by phone, and by mail directed at my safety, my family, my staff, and even my pets in an effort to coerce me into making this determination prematurely. Even in the face of thousands of threats, I always remained committed to upholding the law."Contrary to media reports and insinuations, my decision was not made out of fear or favoritism. Instead, I strongly believe that the statute requires that the GSA Administrator ascertain, not impose, the apparent president-elect. Unfortunately, the statute provides no procedures or standards for this process, so I looked to precedent from prior elections involving legal challenges and incomplete counts. GSA does not dictate the outcome of legal disputes and recounts, nor does it determine whether such proceedings are reasonable or justified. These are issues that the Constitution, federal laws, and state laws leave to the election certification process and decisions by courts of competent jurisdiction. I do not think that an agency charged with improving federal procurement and property management should place itself above the constitutionally-based election process. I strongly urge Congress to consider amendments to the Act."The Biden transition team welcomed the news on Monday. "Today’s decision is a needed step to begin tackling the challenges facing our nation, including getting the pandemic under control and our economy back on track," Biden- Harris transition executive director Yohannes Abraham said in a statement. "This final decision is a definitive administrative action to formally begin the transition process with federal agencies. In the days ahead, transition officials will begin meeting with federal officials to discuss the pandemic response, have a full accounting of our national security interests, and gain complete understanding of the Trump administration’s efforts to hollow out government agencies." 4568