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WASHINGTON, Dec. 21 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Wednesday approved Isentress for the treatment of HIV-1 infection for children and adolescents.The drug is part of a class of medications called HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors that works by slowing the spread of HIV in the body. It was first approved for use in adult patients in October 2007, under FDA's accelerated approval program."Many young children and adolescents are living with HIV and this approval provides an important additional option for their treatment," said Edward Cox, director of the Office of Antimicrobial Products in the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.Isentress is a pill that can be taken twice daily, with or without food. The pill is also available in a chewable form. As the two tablet formulations are not interchangeable, the chewable form is only approved for use in children ages 2 to 11.A single, multi-center clinical trial of 96 children and adolescents aged 2-18 years with HIV-1 infection evaluated the safety and effectiveness of Isentress. These patients previously received treatment for HIV-1 infection. After 24 weeks of treatment with Isentress, 53 percent of these patients had an undetectable amount of HIV in their blood.According to the FDA, the most commonly reported severe, treatment-related side effects in patients taking Isentress include trouble sleeping and headache. The frequency of these side effects is similar for children and adults. One pediatric patient reported severe treatment-related insomnia, while another pediatric patient experienced a drug-related skin rash.

KATHMANDU, Oct. 30 (Xinhua) -- "One of the major problems of death due to breast cancer in Nepal is poverty and untimely diagnosis," said Dr. Abish Adhikari Oncologist at the Bir Hospital in Nepali capital Kathmandu in an exclusive interview with Xinhua on Sunday.Adhikari said that the other reason why breast cancer leads to death of women is "women are not decision makers in their houses"."Many people who come here do not want to treat their wives or daughters because of the expenses as they are poor and it is really expensive here to treat cancer," Adhikari said.According to the Nepal Cancer Relief Society, of all cancer cases among the Nepali women and teenage girls as well, 60 percent is of breast cancer.Unverified rough data of the breast cancer patients in Nepal are above 50,000.Adhikari added that women are shy to talk about the problems of breast. They do not go to hospitals for the check up until they are bedridden and at the time they reach hospital they are mostly in the advanced stage.The major causes behind the breast cancer in Nepal are heredity, late pregnancy, consumption of alcohol and smoking. However, unawareness about it remains another major problem that leadind to death of many women in Nepal.Moreover, the rural women in Nepal are unaware about breast cancer, and if they are having some problem, they tend to hide it.Talking to Xinhua, Sajani Manandhar, General Secretary of Richa Bajimaya Memorial Foundation, a cancer awareness raising group said that the major cause of the preventable cancer in Nepal is unawareness.Also a nurse by profession, she said that no one bothers about mammography or regular checkup but are diagnosed at the very late stage.There are less than five hospitals that provide mammography service in the country.Roshani Chitrakar, 48 who is in advanced stage of cancer said that she did not told anyone while she found something unusual in her breast because it was not painful."I took it normally, but when I thought it might be a cancer and told my family and I was already in the advanced stage," she said.Her daughter, Roji Manandhar, said that the doctor has already told that she will not be living long. She is having difficulty even to eat currently.Another cancer patient, 67 years old farmer, Nakkali Nahakhusi said that she told her husband when she found her breast unusual. Her husband, former armyman, immediately took her to the hospital when she told about the problem.Now, she is already cured, and said with smilingly that the god of death did not want to take me away.She said that awareness should be raised because cancer is curable at the early stage.

BEIJING, Nov. 22 (Xinhuanet) -- Underweight patients may have more possibilities of mortality within 30 days of general and vascular surgery compared with mildly obese patients, according to a research published online in Archives of Surgery Tuesday.Researchers at the U.S. National Surgical Quality Improvement Program conducted the research for the years 2005 and 2006, and assessed the contribution of BMI (Body Mass Index) to 189,533 postsurgeries morbidity and mortality by obesity classes.They found that compared with the middle BMI quintile group, patients with BMI value below 23.1, had greater chances for death. For the highest BMI quintile group, higher mortality rate was also observed.However, the researchers also found that obesity may as well be associated with increased mortality for some individual types of surgeries."These individual types of procedures include procedures with which the general surgeon should have definite experience: colorectal resection, colostomy formation, cholecystectomy, hernia repair, mastectomy, and wound debridement," said George J. Stukenborg, PhD, of the University of Virginia inCharlottesvilleand his colleagues.Based on a 30 –day morbidity and mortality risk calculation, the sample patients were categorized into BMI quintile ranges. BMI value of less than 23.1 was considered as lowest, values from 26.3 to 29.6 considered as the middle quintile, and above 35.2 considered as the highest.Factors such as lack of enough data on nonfatal complications and hospital resources, or examining mortality over the 30-day baseline, may cause limitations and inaccuracy to the research and more studies on a wider range of patients in terms of BMI are needed to further confirm the current conclusion, researchers said.

SEOUL, Nov. 28 (Xinhua) -- Samsung Electronics, the world's second-largest manufacturer of mobile phones, said Monday that it launched its latest smart mobile gadget Galaxy Note in South Korea in a bid to take the lead in a new phase of the mobile phone market.The Galaxy Note, which was first introduced in September at IFA 2011, the consumer electronics fair held in Berlin, was Samsung's latest Galaxy lineup, combining the portability of a smartphone with the larger screen of a tablet computer, according to Samsung.The device ensured portability and grip with 9.65-millimeter thin, 182 grams in weight and a rounded back design, while featuring a 5.3-inch super active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display.The function of "S Pen," or a digital pen, was added to the device in a bid to enable users to draw, paint and crop images by writing on the screen, Samsung said.Featuring Android's 2.3 Gingerbread platform, the gadget was powered by a 1.5-gigahertz dual core processor supplemented with fourth generation (4G) long term evolution (LTE) network service."Galaxy Note is a revolutionary product opening a new category in the market. It will deliver a whole new mobile experience beyond feature phones, smartphones and tablet devices," said Shin Jong-kyun, president and head of Samsung's mobile communications business.In addition, Samsung launched Galaxy Nexus, the world's first smartphone running Android's 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich. The latest Android operating system (OS) combined the benefits of smartphones and tablet computers, according to Samsung.The smartphone, which was first introduced in Hong Kong last month, offered quicker multi-tasking and faster web browsing than previous models, while the near-field communication (NFC) function allowed users to easily share contents with other users by tapping their devices together, Samsung said.With the updated Ice Cream Sandwich, the Galaxy Nexus offered facial recognition technology, which unlocks the phone by identifying the user's face.

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