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WASHINGTON, D.C. — Unlike in many parts of the world, Election Day in America isn’t a day most people get off from work or school, and it’s not for a lack of trying in the past.“There've been several efforts to make it a holiday, at least for the five previous Congresses, including this one,” said Matthew Weil, who runs The Elections Project at the Bipartisan Policy Center.Those proposed bills to make Election Day a federal holiday have gone nowhere though.Coincidentally, America also has one of the lowest voter participation rates in the developed world, which was about 56 percent in 2016.Over the years, though, some states have made it a state or civic holiday, most recently this year in Illinois and Virginia. In California, state law requires employers to give employees at least two paid hours to vote on Election Day. However, that’s not the case in most places.Weil said whether or not employers need to give you time to vote on Election Day, varies state by state.“In states that don't have robust voting by mail options, or early voting options, Election Day being the only option isn't good,” Weil said. “The good news is the trend has been toward expanding options over the past 10 years.”Those options include early voting, which millions of voters have already done in the 2020 election, including Kevin Jackson in Ohio.“Don’t just wait. Plan your vote,” Jackson said. “Get down here and get it done.”The key to moving forward, experts say, is for all states to offer as many opportunities to vote as possible. Those changes could spread even more now because of the coronavirus pandemic.“I think it's got to be something that we're just not going back to how we used to vote,” said Weil. “I think that this will accelerate changes going forward.”Recently, some high-profile employers like Coca-Cola and Twitter, as well as universities like Brown and American, have decided to give Election Day off to their employees and students, not just so they can vote, but to also encourage them to volunteer as poll workers. 2046

WASHINGTON, D.C. — It’s easily one of the most visible of the celestial bodies: the moon. Next year, the journey to get humans back there will get underway again.“Ultimately, it fulfills our need to explore,” said Dr. Kjell Lindgren, a NASA astronaut, who is one of the 18 recently chosen for NASA’s Artemis program.Artemis aims to get humans, including the first woman, to the lunar surface by 2024. Humans have not been back to the moon since the Apollo 17 mission back in 1972.“All of us in the astronaut office are, in one way or another, influenced by those iconic images of our Apollo astronauts exploring the moon,” Dr. Lindgren said.Returning to the moon is seen as a necessary stepping-stone to getting humans to Mars in the 2030s. The Artemis team will be working on lunar-related projects, both in orbit and on the surface of the moon, that can eventually be applied to a future Martian mission.“The moon offers a wealth of scientific discovery still,” Dr. Lindgren said. “It also offers a wealth of operational discovery helping us to refine the procedures the equipment and the skills that are needed to be able to land, to explore successfully on a rocky surface and then to come back to the earth.”The missions also have the potential to create technological advancements for everyone on Earth.“The whole world benefits from those things and the benefits from Apollo are innumerable. You know, from the computers, the miniaturization of computers and on, you can count all those,” he said. “That was really a turning point in history for technology.”NASA’s Artemis program hopes to eventually create a permanent human presence on the moon’s surface, similar to the current full-time human presence on the International Space Station, and Dr. Lindgren could be among them.“It's such a privilege to be a part of this,” he said.The new lunar program was named “Artemis,” after the Greek goddess, who was the twin sister of Apollo. 1950

WASHINGTON, D.C. — After millions upon millions of Americans cast their ballots on Election Day, the final vote for president – the one that really counts – comes down to 538 people who make up the Electoral College.Marla Blunt-Carter is one of them.“That thought of our ancestor who couldn't even write his name signing his voter registration card, at a time where really their vote didn't count, to being someone that is now voting in this electoral process,” she said. “It's indescribable.”Blunt-Carter is one of the three electors from Delaware. All three of them are Democrats because President-elect Joe Biden won his home state.“To be one of three that represents the Delaware voter that calls him their own is just huge,” Blunt-Carter said. “And then you look at the fact that the Vice president-elect is a woman of color - that is doubly amazing for me.”While she was selected by Delaware Democratic party officials to be an elector, in other states, you have to run for the privilege.“In our long history as a country, there have been very few people that have actually served in this role,” said Jonathan Fletcher, who is an elector from North Carolina.Fletcher ran to be an elector at the Republican State Convention, when it was held in North Carolina. He cast his vote for President Donald Trump, who carried the state.“It's kind of a lifelong dream,” he said. “I joke that it's a short lifelong dream – I'm only 28 – but it is a lifelong dream of mine.”The Electoral College and the popular vote don’t always match up. It’s happened five times in the country’s history, including twice in the 21st century, in 2000 and 2016. Some say that’s unfair and are calling for the Electoral College to be abolished.So, how do these electors feel about it?“It gives states like North Carolina, who are kind of middle of the pack in the electoral shuffle, it gives us a lot more equal standing with the rest of the country,” Fletcher said.Blunt-Carter said she sees why people would have some issues with the Electoral College.“I understand that people think that it is far past the time where we start to look at doing this differently,” she said. “But that's not the job of the elector. That's the job of the legislators.”For now, it’s the system in place, when it comes to choosing who gets to call the people’s house ‘home.’ 2340

WASHINGTON (AP) — President Donald Trump's persistent see-no-evil posture on coronavirus testing — if you don't look for the virus, the cases go away — defies both science and street sense. Yet he took it a step further with a comment suggesting that testing be restrained so the pandemic doesn't look so bad.His aides passed that off as a joke. Trump contradicted them, saying he wasn't kidding. Then he contradicted himself, saying he was.So it went over the past week as America's reckoning with disease and racism navigated a fog of falsehoods and distortions from the president. A sampling:JUST KIDDING?TRUMP: "You know testing is a double-edged sword. ... Here's the bad part. When you test to that extent, you are going to find more people, find more cases. So I said to my people, 'Slow the testing down please.'" — Tulsa, Oklahoma, rally June 20.THE FACT: First, it's not true that he ordered testing slowed. The government's top public health officials testified one by one to Congress that Trump told them no such thing.White House press secretary Kayleigh McEnany said the comment was "made in jest" and other senior aides similarly brushed it off as not serious. Trump didn't play along. "I don't kid," he said Tuesday when asked about the remark.Then he reversed himself, telling Fox News on Thursday "Sometimes I jokingly say, or sarcastically say, if we didn't do tests we would look great." But holding back on testing is "not the right thing to do."Trump' broader point — "If you don't test, you don't have any cases," he also said — flips science on its head. No one disputes the fact that testing for the virus is key to controlling it. Testing is only one measure of the pandemic. It is also measured by hospitalization and death, which continue even if authorities were to close their eyes to spreading sickness.COVID-19 has killed about 125,000 people in the U.S. Infections are far higher than are known because many who get the disease and pass it on are not tested.__VOTING FRAUDTRUMP: "There is tremendous evidence of fraud whenever you have mail-in ballots." — remarks Tuesday at Phoenix rally.THE FACTS: No there isn't.Voting fraud actually is rare and Trump's attempts to show otherwise have fallen flat. Nevertheless, he persists in the assertion, in what can be seen as a pretext to discredit results if he loses in November.Trump appointed a commission after the 2016 election to get to the bottom of his theory that voting fraud is rampant. The panel disbanded without producing any findings.Some election studies have reported a higher incidence of mail-in voting fraud compared with in-person voting, but the overall risk is all but imperceptible. The Brennan Center for Justice said in 2017 the risk of voting fraud is 0.00004% to 0.0009%.When Trump made similar assertions last month, Twitter took the extraordinary step of attaching fact-checking notices.Richard L. Hasen, an elections expert at the University of California, Irvine School of Law, recently wrote in an op-ed that "problems are extremely rare in the five states that rely primarily on vote-by-mail, including the heavily Republican state of Utah."Trump himself voted by mail in the Florida Republican primary in March. A half-dozen senior advisers to the president have also voted by mail, according to election records obtained by The Associated Press.___MEMORIALSTRUMP: "I've also made clear that any rioters damaging federal property and defacing our monuments will face severe and lengthy criminal penalties. Ten years." — remarks Tuesday in Phoenix.THE FACTS: He has no such authority. A president is not a judge.___TRUMP: "I have authorized the Federal Government to arrest anyone who vandalizes or destroys any monument, statue or other such Federal property in the U.S. with up to 10 years in prison per the Veteran's Memorial Preservation Act, or such other laws that may be pertinent. ... This action is taken effective immediately, but may also be used retroactively for destruction or vandalism already caused. There will be no exceptions!" — tweets Tuesday.THE FACTS: This action taken "immediately" and "retroactively" is merely words. It has no effect.The Veterans' Memorial Preservation Act, passed by Congress in 2003, already authorizes fines or prison for up to 10 years for the destruction of veterans' memorials on public property.The law covers "any structure, plaque, statue, or other monument on public property commemorating the service of any person or persons in the armed forces of the United States."So all prosecutors got from Trump is a reminder of legal authority they already had.___TRUMP: "They even vandalized — that's right — the Lincoln Memorial. The Lincoln Memorial." — remarks at Phoenix rally Wednesday, prompting boos from the audience.THE FACTS: No one damaged the memorial housing the statue of Lincoln in protests that unfolded near it. An online photo seeming to show the Lincoln statue and a memorial wall blanketed by graffiti was fake.The reality: Someone spray painted "y'all not tired yet?" by the bottom of the steps to the memorial May 30 and the National Park Service cleaned it up."The only vandalism at the Lincoln Memorial was graffiti at the bottom of the steps at street level, far away from the statue," said national parks spokesman Mike Litterst.He said vandalism at the Lincoln Memorial is unusual but not unheard of. "Probably most notable was in 2013 when someone splashed green paint on the statue," he said in an email. "And it was vandalized twice in 2017, once in February with black magic marker and again in August with red spray paint on one of the columns."___VIRUS RISKTRUMP: "The number of ChinaVirus cases goes up, because of GREAT TESTING, while the number of deaths (mortality rate), goes way down." — tweet Thursday.THE FACTS: No, increased testing does not fully account for the rise in cases. People are also infecting each other more than before as social distancing rules recede and "community spread" picks up."One of the things is an increase in community spread, and that's something that I'm really quite concerned about," Dr. Anthony Fauci, the government's top infectious disease expert, testified Tuesday.As for Trump's point about mortality coming down, Fauci said that is not a relevant measure of what is happening in the moment with infections. "Deaths always lag considerably behind cases," he said. "It is conceivable you may see the deaths going up."Dr. Robert Redfield, director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, testified that "several communities are seeing increased cases driven by multiple factors, including increased testing, outbreaks, and evidence of community transmission."___TRUMP on the pandemic: "It's fading away, it's going to fade away." — Fox News interview June 17.THE FACTS: It's not fading and not about to.Coronavirus infections per day in the U.S. surged to an all-time high of 40,000 at the end of the week, eclipsing the previous high of 36,400 on April 24 during one of the deadliest stretches in the crisis. Newly reported cases per day have risen on average about 60 percent over the past two weeks, according to an Associated Press analysis.Earlier in the week, Fauci told Congress the U.S. is "still in the middle of the first wave" and the imperative is to "get this outbreak under control over the next couple of months." He said the New York City area, once an epicenter, has done notably well but "in other areas of the country we're now seeing a disturbing surge of infections."The next few weeks "are going to be critical in our ability to address those surgings that we are seeing in Florida, in Texas, in Arizona and other states," Fauci said. "They're not the only ones that are having a difficulty."Fauci added: "Certainly there will be coronavirus infections in the fall and winter because the virus is not going to disappear."Said Redfield: "As we get to the fall, we're going to have influenza and COVID at the same time."___TESTINGTRUMP: "We have got the greatest testing program anywhere in the world." — remarks Tuesday.TRUMP: "We've done too good a job." — interview Monday.THE FACTS: The U.S. is nowhere near the level of testing needed to stem the virus, according to his own health experts.Redfield testified that health officials are still working to significantly increase testing capacity, calling such expansion a "critical underpinning of our response."The U.S. currently is conducting about 500,000 to 600,000 tests a day. Many public health experts say the U.S. should be testing nearly twice as many people daily to control the spread of the virus. Looking to the fall, some experts have called for 4 million or more tests daily, while a group assembled by Harvard University estimated that 20 million a day would be needed to keep the virus in check.Redfield said the U.S. was aiming to boost testing to 3 million daily by "pooling" multiple people's samples, a technique that is still under review by the FDA. He stressed the need for expanded surveillance because some people who get infected may not show symptoms."We still have a ways to go," Redfield said.The U.S. stumbled early in the pandemic response as the CDC struggled to develop its own test for the coronavirus in January, later discovering problems in its kits sent to state and county public health labs in early February.It took the CDC more than two weeks to come up with a fix to the test kits, leading to delays in diagnoses through February, a critical month when the virus took root in the U.S.___Associated Press writers Eric Tucker and Matthew Perrone in Washington and Beatrice Dupuy in New York contributed to this report.___EDITOR'S NOTE — A look at the veracity of claims by political figures.___Find AP Fact Checks at http://apnews.com/APFactCheckFollow @APFactCheck on Twitter: https://twitter.com/APFactCheck 9876

WASHINGTON (AP) — The chief of staff for President-elect Joe Biden says that once Biden is in office, he'll punish Russia for its suspected cyberespionage operation against the United States with financial sanctions and measures to hobble its ability to launch future hacks. Meanwhile, Republican Sen. Mitt Romney is criticizing President Donald Trump for having a “blind spot” when it comes to Russia. And cybersecurity experts warned of continuing threats without U.S. action. Biden aide Ron Klain says the incoming administration is still learning information about the purpose, nature and extent of the hacks. He faulted the confused messaging from the Trump administration. Trump has suggested without evidence that China may be behind the hacks.RELATED COVERAGE:Hacked networks will need to be burned 'down to the ground'Trump downplays Russia in first comments on cyberattack 890