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MOSCOW, Sept. 16 (Xinhua) -- A Russian Soyuz space capsule carrying three astronauts returned to the Earth Friday, the Mission Control Center outside Moscow confirmed.The three astronauts, two Russians and one American from the International Space Station (ISS), who were flown back by a Soyuz TMA-21 spacecraft, were in good condition, search and rescue teams on the ground in Kazakhstan said.Russian TV images showed the three ISS crew members being taken out of the space capsule and seated in armchairs with blankets to re-adapt to the Earth's gravity.According to the Cosmonaut Training Center, the astronauts underwent physical examinations immediately after the landing, which included examinations of hearts, lungs and adrenal glands.Seventeen helicopters and planes had waited for the capsule's landing.Helicopters will carry the astronauts from the landing site to the Kazakh city of Karaganda, from where the two Russian cosmonauts Alexander Samokutyayev and Andrei Borisenko will fly back to Moscow later Friday, while NASA astronaut Ronald Garan will leave directly for the United States for post-mission rehabilitation, the Itar-Tass news agency reported.The return of the three crew members was originally scheduled for Sept. 8, but was postponed by a failed launch of the Progress cargo ship on Aug. 24.The three crew members remaining on board the ISS are scheduled to return in mid-November.

LOS ANGELES, July 3 (Xinhua) -- Warming of the ocean's subsurface layers will melt underwater portions of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets faster than previously thought, increasing the sea level more than already projected, a new study suggests.The subsurface ocean layers surrounding the polar ice sheets will warm substantially as global warming progresses, according to the study led by researchers from the University of Arizona (UA).In addition to being exposed to warming air, underwater portions of the polar ice sheets and glaciers will be bathed in warming seawater, said the study appearing on the website of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) on Sunday.The research, based on 19 state-of-the-art climate models, proposes a new mechanism by which global warming will accelerate the melting of the great ice sheets during this century and the next."To my knowledge, this study is the first to quantify and compare future ocean warming around the Greenland and the Antarctic ice sheets using an ensemble of models," said lead author Jianjun Yin, a UA assistant professor of geosciences.According to the study, the subsurface ocean along the Greenland coast could increase as much as 3.6 F (2 C) by 2100.Most previous research has focused on how increases in atmospheric temperatures would affect the ice sheets, he said."Ocean warming is very important compared to atmospheric warming because water has a much larger heat capacity than air," Yin said. "If you put an ice cube in a warm room, it will melt in several hours. But if you put an ice cube in a cup of warm water, it will disappear in just minutes."Given a mid-level increase in greenhouse gases, the researchers found the ocean layer about 650 to 1,650 feet (200 to 500 meters) below the surface would warm, on average, about 1.8 F (1 C) by 2100. Along the Greenland coast, that layer would warm twice as much, but along Antarctica would warm less, only 0.9 F (0.5 C)."No one has noticed this discrepancy before -- that the subsurface oceans surrounding Greenland and Antarctica warm very differently," Yin said.Part of the warming in the North comes from the Gulf Stream carrying warm subtropical waters north. By contrast, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current blocks some of the subtropical warmth from entering the Antarctic's coastal waters.Even so, the Antarctic ice sheet will be bathed in warming waters, according to the study.This paper adds to the evidence that sea level would rise by the end of this century by around one meter and a good deal more in succeeding centuries, the study noted.The study, "Different Magnitudes of Projected Subsurface Ocean Warming Around Greenland and Antarctica," is scheduled for the upcoming edition of Nature Geoscience later this month.

NEW YORK, July 15 (Xinhua) -- A Gallup survey released on Friday found a total of 59 percent of Americans support a ban on smoking in all public places.The July 7-10 survey among 1,016 national adults showed a change in the public's attitude toward public smoking ban. In 2001, when Gallup first asked about a ban on public smoking, 39 percent were in favor, an attitude that stayed roughly the same through 2007.At the same time, the poll also found that fewer than two in 10 people supported the idea of making smoking totally illegal.According to the American Lung Association, 27 states plus the District of Columbia have passed comprehensive smoke-free laws. A New York City law bans smoking in virtually all public places, including outdoor plazas and beaches.

BEIJING, Sept. 20 (Xinhua) -- Floods and landslides triggered by recent heavy rains in eight of China's provincial-level regions have left 70 people dead and 32 others missing this month.Heavy downpours, floods and other related disasters have affected Sichuan, Shaanxi, Henan, Chongqing, Hubei, Shandong, Shanxi and Gansu, the National Disaster Reduction Commission said in a statement released on Tuesday.As of Tuesday, these disasters have affected 21.56 million people and caused an estimated 26.09 billion yuan (4.08 billion U.S. dollars) in direct economic losses, the statement said.

来源：资阳报