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CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) — Mars is about to get its first U.S. visitor in years: a three-legged, one-armed geologist to dig deep and listen for quakes.NASA's InSight makes its grand entrance through the rose-tinted Martian skies on Monday, after a six-month, 300 million-mile (480 million-kilometer) journey. It will be the first American spacecraft to land since the Curiosity rover in 2012 and the first dedicated to exploring underground.NASA is going with a tried-and-true method to get this mechanical miner to the surface of the red planet. Engine firings will slow its final descent and the spacecraft will plop down on its rigid legs, mimicking the landings of earlier successful missions.That's where old school ends on this billion U.S.-European effort .Once flight controllers in California determine the coast is clear at the landing site — fairly flat and rock free — InSight's 6-foot (1.8-meter) arm will remove the two main science experiments from the lander's deck and place them directly on the Martian surface.No spacecraft has attempted anything like that before.The firsts don't stop there.One experiment will attempt to penetrate 16 feet (5 meters) into Mars, using a self-hammering nail with heat sensors to gauge the planet's internal temperature. That would shatter the out-of-this-world depth record of 8 feet (2 ? meters) drilled by the Apollo moonwalkers nearly a half-century ago for lunar heat measurements.The astronauts also left behind instruments to measure moonquakes. InSight carries the first seismometers to monitor for marsquakes — if they exist. Yet another experiment will calculate Mars' wobble, providing clues about the planet's core.It won't be looking for signs of life, past or present. No life detectors are on board.The spacecraft is like a self-sufficient robot, said lead scientist Bruce Banerdt of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory."It's got its own brain. It's got an arm that can manipulate things around. It can listen with its seismometer. It can feel things with the pressure sensors and the temperature sensors. It pulls its own power out of the sun," he said.By scoping out the insides of Mars, scientists could learn how our neighbor — and other rocky worlds, including the Earth and moon — formed and transformed over billions of years. Mars is much less geologically active than Earth, and so its interior is closer to being in its original state — a tantalizing time capsule.InSight stands to "revolutionize the way we think about the inside of the planet," said NASA's science mission chief, Thomas Zurbuchen.But first, the 800-pound (360-kilogram) vehicle needs to get safely to the Martian surface. This time, there won't be a ball bouncing down with the spacecraft tucked inside, like there were for the Spirit and Opportunity rovers in 2004. And there won't be a sky crane to lower the lander like there was for the six-wheeled Curiosity during its dramatic "seven minutes of terror.""That was crazy," acknowledged InSight's project manager, Tom Hoffman. But he noted, "Any time you're trying to land on Mars, it's crazy, frankly. I don't think there's a sane way to do it."No matter how it's done, getting to Mars and landing there is hard — and unforgiving.Earth's success rate at Mars is a mere 40 percent. That includes planetary flybys dating back to the early 1960s, as well as orbiters and landers.While it's had its share of flops, the U.S. has by far the best track record. No one else has managed to land and operate a spacecraft on Mars. Two years ago, a European lander came in so fast, its descent system askew, that it carved out a crater on impact.This time, NASA is borrowing a page from the 1976 twin Vikings and the 2008 Phoenix, which also were stationary and three-legged."But you never know what Mars is going to do," Hoffman said. "Just because we've done it before doesn't mean we're not nervous and excited about doing it again."Wind gusts could send the spacecraft into a dangerous tumble during descent, or the parachute could get tangled. A dust storm like the one that enveloped Mars this past summer could hamper InSight's ability to generate solar power. A leg could buckle. The arm could jam.The tensest time for flight controllers in Pasadena, California: the six minutes from the time the spacecraft hits Mars' atmosphere and touchdown. They'll have jars of peanuts on hand — a good-luck tradition dating back to 1964's successful Ranger 7 moon mission.InSight will enter Mars' atmosphere at a supersonic 12,300 mph (19,800 kph), relying on its white nylon parachute and a series of engine firings to slow down enough for a soft upright landing on Mars' Elysium Planitia, a sizable equatorial plain.Hoffman hopes it's "like a Walmart parking lot in Kansas."The flatter the better so the lander doesn't tip over, ending the mission, and so the robotic arm can set the science instruments down.InSight — short for Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport — will rest close to the ground, its top deck barely a yard, or meter, above the surface. Once its twin circular solar panels open, the lander will occupy the space of a large car.If NASA gets lucky, a pair of briefcase-size satellites trailing InSight since their joint May liftoff could provide near-live updates during the lander's descent. There's an eight-minute lag in communications between Earth and Mars.The experimental CubeSats, dubbed WALL-E and EVE from the 2008 animated movie, will zoom past Mars and remain in perpetual orbit around the sun, their technology demonstration complete.If WALL-E and EVE are mute, landing news will come from NASA orbiters at Mars, just not as quickly.The first pictures of the landing site should start flowing shortly after touchdown. It will be at least 10 weeks before the science instruments are deployed. Add another several weeks for the heat probe to bury into Mars.The mission is designed to last one full Martian year, the equivalent of two Earth years.With landing day so close to Thanksgiving, many of the flight controllers will be eating turkey at their desks on the holiday.Hoffman expects his team will wait until Monday to give full and proper thanks.___The Associated Press Health & Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute's Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 6433
CARLSBAD, Calif. (KGTV) -- The desalination plant in Carlsbad is celebrating the production of 40-billion gallons of water since it opened three years ago.That's enough water to fill the Empire State Building 145 times. Or a billion bath tubs. The "watermark" being celebrated Thursday with a gathering of officials, including former U.S. Senator Barbara Boxer, Carlsbad Mayor Matt Hall and Poseidon CEO Carlos Riva. All sharing a toast with a glass of fresh water produced by the plant. Water so clean once it passes through the reverse osmosis system, say plant officials, they have to add mineral back into it. "The water molecule makes it through," says Poseidon Community Outreach Director Jessica Jones. "But the salt molecule -or any other impurities, viruses or bacteria- are too large. And so, they're rejected." 10News asked Jones about environmental impacts over these past three years - such as the salt concentrations in local ocean waters from discharge from the plant. 10News asked Jones about environmental impacts over these past three years - such as the salt concentrations in local ocean waters from discharge from the plant. She said Poseidon does test for such changes but has found no measurable impacts on local salt levels or the environment. She says that is due to the way the plant dilutes and disperses its discharge water. Poseidon now has another plant up for approval in Huntington Beach which could begin construction as soon as next year. The plant produces 50-million gallons of fresh water a day. With twice as much extra salty water discharge as a result. 1601

Carlos Ghosn and Nissan, the Japanese automaker he saved from collapse, were indicted Monday on allegations of financial misconduct, deepening a crisis that already brought down one of the global car industry's most iconic figures.Tokyo prosecutors said they indicted Ghosn and Nissan for under-reporting his income over a five-year period and are investigating allegations that the practice went on for even longer.Ghosn's sudden downfall began when he was arrested in Tokyo last month. He has since been ousted as chairman of Nissan (NSANY) and Mitsubishi Motors (MMTOF) and temporarily replaced as head of France's Renault (RNSDF).Former Nissan director Greg Kelly, who was arrested in Tokyo at the same time as Ghosn, was also indicted Monday, prosecutors said. 783
Can you spot a fake?Some US Customs and Border Protection officers did -- in September, they intercepted a shipment of over over 9,000 counterfeit Nike sneakers in New York, the agency said in a news release.The shipment of shoes had come from China and was headed to California, when CBP officers inspected it at the Port of New York/Newark.They thought something looked off about the shoes, and submitted images to the CBP's Apparel Footwear and Textiles Center for Excellence and Expertise, the agency's trade experts.On Thursday, the agency concluded the shoes were counterfeit and seized them. Real versions of the sneakers would have been worth nearly .7 million, according to CBP."This significant seizure of counterfeit Nike sneakers illustrates Customs and Border Protection's continued commitment to protecting the American consumer against the proliferation of substandard and potentially unsafe counterfeit consumer goods," stated Troy Miller, Director of CBP's New York Field Office, said in a statement Tuesday.On a typical day in 2017, CBP seized .3 million worth of products with Intellectual Property Rights violations in a day, according to the agency."Enforcing Intellectual Property Rights laws is a CBP priority trade mission," said Miller. "We will continue to work closely with our trade and law enforcement partners to identify and seize counterfeit merchandise that could potentially harm US consumers and businesses." 1460
Cereal company General Mills announced on Thursday that its employees are eligible for up to 20 weeks of paid maternity leave under a new company policy, effective Jan. 1, 2019. Also part of the announcement, General Mills said it will offer up to 12 weeks for paid paternity and adoption leave for its employees. While the United States' Family Medical Leave Act requires most employers to allow staff to take up to 12 weeks off, the act does not require employers to pay employees for leave. General Mills said the new rules apply to its salaried and non-union employees. Other changes in family leave policy announced by General Mills include: ● Caregiver Leave: A new benefit in 2019, General Mills will now offer caregivers a two-week paid leave for the care of immediate family members with a serious health condition. 882
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