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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The Department of Defense has awarded a San Diego biotech company up to million to help develop a next-generation drug to fight COVID-19.Sorrento Therapeutics calls the drug a “rapid countermeasure” against the disease, one that might serve as a vaccine substitute in certain populations or a critical stopgap tool if the virus mutates.“With this, we have a new platform potentially that can respond very quickly to any type of emerging threat,” said CEO Dr. Henry Ji.Sorrento is trying to become the first company to develop an approved DNA-encoded monoclonal antibody treatment. The approach is similar to the experimental monoclonal antibody treatment used on President Trump, but Sorrento’s concept is a more advanced version that offers several benefits.Sorrento’s drug is designed to be used as either a treatment in infected patients or a fast-forming layer of defense in healthy people. The company said its solution should be cheaper and easier to deploy than existing monoclonal antibodies, while offering vaccine-like protective effects that last for several months rather than just two or three weeks.Antibodies are one of the body’s key defense mechanisms. They seek out pathogens and bind to them, marking the invader for destruction like ground troops marking an enemy base for an airstrike. In some cases, antibodies can even neutralize an invader themselves by blocking its method of entry into cells.Monoclonal antibodies are antibodies designed by scientists to neutralize a pathogen. They are hand-picked, genetically modified super antibodies that are cloned in labs.However, the process of growing these super soldiers in the lab is difficult, transporting them requires a cold chain, and as a result, monoclonal antibodies are among the most expensive drugs in the world.Instead of giving people an infusion of pre-made antibodies, Sorrento’s idea is to give people a shot of DNA that instructs some of their cells to churn out perfectly pre-designed antibodies.“It's much easier to make enough DNA to treat a large number of people than it is to make enough protein to treat a large number of people. That’s just a fact about manufacturing,” said Dr. Robert Allen, Sorrento’s chief scientific officer on the project.Dr. Allen said the company is hopeful the drug will induce cells to make protective antibodies for six months or more.This DNA approach to an antibody treatment has never been approved for any disease but other companies are working on their own versions of it. Another biotech with ties to San Diego, Inovio Pharmaceuticals, became the first company to test this approach in humans in 2019 for a drug targeting the Zika virus.Sorrento’s approach is similar to the way DNA vaccines work, but it cuts out intermediary steps and jumpstarts the production of antibodies, rather than leaving the production of antibodies up to the body’s immune system. The result is that protective antibodies can start circulating in days after injection rather than weeks, the company said.“What this is capable of doing is it bypasses the need for the immune system,” said Dr. Mark Brunswick, Sorrento’s senior vice president for regulatory affairs.The drug is unlikely to replace a vaccine in most situations because vaccines can produce other defense mechanisms like T-cells that work in conjunction with antibodies. But the drug might work better than a vaccine for the elderly and others with weakened immune systems who are unable to produce a robust number of antibodies on their own, Brunswick said.Still, the company still has a lot of pre-clinical work and testing to go. Sorrento is hoping to have the drug ready for human trials in four to six months.By then, vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna will likely be widely available, but Dr. Ji said the world needs to prepare for the possibility this virus will mutate.“When you vaccinate hundreds of millions, potentially billions of people, the virus is under tremendous evolution pressure,” he said. “It will escape. It’s guaranteed that the virus is going to mutate and escape all of the vaccines we’re trying to create.”If it does, he said Sorrento will be ready to rapidly deploy its DNA-based countermeasure. 4223

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- The city is gearing up to begin enforcing its ban on electric scooters on its beach boardwalks.The ban, which goes into effect Feb. 29, will apply to shared mobility devices on the boardwalks at La Jolla Shores, Pacific Beach, Mission Beach, and the bayside walk area of Mission Bay. Despite being illegal, the scooters will be geo-fenced to 3 miles-per-hour on the boardwalks, which the city says is slower than typical walking speed and the safest way to enforce the ban. The move comes as scooter companies continue to pull out of San Diego amid other new regulations. City data shows that there 11,300 permitted devices in January, down from 22,300 in July 2019.RELATED: San Diego City Council votes to ban electric scooters from boardwalksThe city installed its first signs warning of the ban at La Jolla Shores, where nobody was riding a scooter down the boardwalk around noon on Thursday. "Honestly, it's probably for the best," said Charlie Scheuch, a surfer who used to ride the scooters but no longer does. "People used to just littler the boardwalk with them, so it's a good decision."Officers will issue warnings for the first 30 days, with citations starting after that. A city spokesman says the fine amounts will be decided by the courts. The City Council voted 5-4 in December to enact the ban after a series of scooter-related injuries on its boardwalks, including one man dying at Mission Beach last summer. RELATED: City preps to enforce scooter boardwalk banIn a statement, Bird Scooter expressed a commitment to work with the city. “While we are disappointed in the City of San Diego’s decision to ban all motorized devices on the boardwalk, we are supportive of Council’s direction to speed up infrastructure improvements along Mission Boulevard," said Tim Harter, the company's senior manager of government partnerships. "We look forward to continuing to partner with the City to help provide a reliable and environmentally friendly transportation option to help locals and visitors easily get around town, connect to transit, and enjoy everything the city has to offer, as well as improving safety measures for all.”Data from Scripps Health shows 96 patients going to its trauma centers after scooter accidents in 2019. That does not include visits to its emergency rooms. 2325

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The City of San Diego has closures planned for Monday, February 19 as the nation observes Presidents Day.Trash pickup will be on a normal schedule for City of San Diego customers served by the City’s Environmental Services department.Parking meters, time restrictions for parking and yellow zones will not be enforced.WHAT’S CLOSED: 359

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The deadline is approaching for millions of Americans to pick their health insurance providers for their company plans.Jeri O’Conner is among the San Diegans who made a change for 2019. She’s switching from Covered California to Medicare. O’Conner had plenty of questions about her options.“This plan will cover this what the deductibles are if there are co-pays cause there are some plans that are zero premiums,” O’Conner said.She got help from an expert, like Tim Thompson. He helps people navigate through the confusing world of health insurance.Thompson asks clients these basic questions: 621

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The group of individuals assigned with making a recommendation on the appropriateness of the Aztec mascot will not be named, according to San Diego State University officials.SDSU Sally Roush says intends to make decision about the mascot no later than May 31 after a recommendation made by the ‘Aztec task force’ April 30.RELATED: Should SDSU get rid of it's Aztec Warrior mascot?The task force includes five students, five staff members, five members of the community and two at-large appointees.SDSU said earlier in February they would name those on the task force, then later decided to keep their identities private.Some students question why a public university funded by taxpayers is hiding those responsible for a major decision.RELATED: SDSU Senate passes resolution to retire Aztec Warrior mascot “If we’re going to come to real solution, we need to know who is on that task force,” said SDSU Senior Brandon Jones, “it’s going go a long way in identifying the legitimacy of this task force.”SDSU defended their decision in a statement:"Until the conclusion of their work, names of this task force will be withheld in an effort to allow them the opportunity to deliberate, research and present their final recommendations without disruption." 1288

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