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LOS ANGELES, April 18 (Xinhua) -- Sugarcane has the effect of cooling temperatures, thus playing role in stemming global warming, a new study has found.Sugarcane does so by reflecting sunlight back into space and by lowering the temperature of the surrounding air as the plants " exhale" cooler water, according to the study conducted by researchers at the Carnegie Institution's Department of Global Ecology.The researchers used data from hundreds of satellite images over 733,000 square miles (about 1,173 square kilometers) in Brazil, where sugarcane is widely grown. They measured temperature, reflectivity (also called albedo), and evapotranspiration -- the water loss from the soil and from plants as they exhale water vapor.The findings showed that expansion of sugarcane in areas previously occupied by other Brazilian crops cools the local climate.Converting from natural vegetation to crop/pasture on average warmed the cerrado by 2.79 Fahrenheit (1.55 Centigrade, but that subsequent conversion to sugarcane, on average, cooled the surrounding air by 1.67 Fahrenheit (0.93 Centigrade), the researchers said in the study published in the April issue of Nature Climate Change."We found that shifting from natural vegetation to crops or pasture results in local warming because the plants give off less beneficial water. But the bamboo-like sugarcane is more reflective and gives off more water -- much like the natural vegetation," said lead researcher Scott Loarie. "It's a potential win-win for the climate -- using sugarcane to power vehicles reduces carbon emissions, while growing it lowers the local air temperature."Brazilians are world leaders in using biofuels for gasoline. About a quarter of their automobile fuel consumption comes from sugarcane, which significantly reduces carbon dioxide emissions that otherwise would be emitted from using gasoline.The researchers emphasized that the beneficial effects are contingent on the fact sugarcane is grown on areas previously occupied by crops or pastureland, and not in areas converted from natural vegetation. It is also important that other crops and pastureland do not move to natural vegetation areas, which would contribute to deforestation.So far most of the thinking about ecosystem effects on climate considers only impacts from greenhouse gas emissions. But according to co-researcher Greg Asner, "It's becoming increasingly clear that direct climate effects on local climate from land-use decisions constitute significant impacts that need to be considered core elements of human-caused climate change."

WASHINGTON, May 25 (Xinhua) -- The number of young adults in the United States with high blood pressure may be much higher than previously reported, according to a new study by researchers at the University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill.Researchers analyzed data on more than 14,000 men and women between 24 and 32 years old in 2008 from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, known as Add Health. They found 19 percent had elevated blood pressure, also referred to as hypertension. Only about half of the participants with elevated blood pressure had ever been told by a health-care provider that they had the condition."The findings are significant because they indicate that many young adults are at risk of developing heart disease, but are unaware that they have hypertension," said Quynh Nguyen, a doctoral student at UNC's Gillings School of Global Public Health and the study's lead author. Hypertension is a strong risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease, the leading cause of death for adults in the United States.The findings were published this week in the journal Epidemiology.Kathleen Mullan Harris, Add Health's principal investigator and a co-author of the paper, said the findings were noteworthy because they were from the first nationally representative, field- based study of blood pressure to focus on young adults."The message is clear," said Harris. "Young adults and the medical professionals they visit shouldn't assume they're not old enough to have high blood pressure. This is a condition that leads to chronic illness, premature death and costly medical treatment."

MOSCOW, May 13 (Xinhua) -- The main and backup crews that will fly to the International Space Station in June have passed preflight tests and are ready for space travel, the Russian Cosmonauts Training Center said Friday.The main crew includes Russian cosmonaut Sergei Volkov, Japanese astronaut Satoshi Furukawa and American astronaut Michael Fossuma.A Russian spaceship Soyuz TMA-02M will send the crew to the space station on June 8, Interfax news agency reported.The backup crew includes members from Russia, the Netherlands and the United States.The crews were tested on the various emergency situations they could face during the flight.Next Monday, the commission will make a final choice of crewmembers for the launch.The crew will spend 161 days in orbit and conduct three space walks.

QINGDAO, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- Haier Group, one of the world's leading white goods and household appliance manufacturers, announced Sunday that its profit jumped 78 percent year on year in 2010.The profit hit 6.2 billion yuan (941.8 million U.S. dollars) in 2010, said Du Fangyuan, a press office coordinator of the company.Haier's sales revenue reached 135 billion yuan in 2010, up nine percent from a year earlier, Du said.The growth can be attributed to the group's successful transition of business model and product innovations, Du said.Haier Group, which is headquartered in east China's Qingdao city and has 60,000 global employees, sells its products in over 100 countries and regions around the world.

KUNMING, March 13 (Xinhua) -- Local authorities said all earthquake victims had found shelter after nearly 9,000 tents were set up in the earthquake-hit Yingjiang County in southwest China.Altogether 53,000 people are being housed in large-sized tents erected in county plazas and village squares, said Jiang Zhaogang, spokesman with the rescue headquarters.Others moved in with friends, relatives, or makeshift houses for temporary accommodation, said Jiang.A 5.8-magnitude quake struck Yingjiang County in southwest China's Yunnan Province Thursday, leaving 25 dead and 314 injured. The tremor also toppled the homes of 1,039 families and left 4,994 others seriously damaged.As of Sunday, the central and local governments in Yunnan have disbursed 10,000 tents, 15,000 quilts and 15,000 coats for the homeless victims in the quake-hit region.White coated medical personnel patrolled and disinfected the tents every day, and no sign of epidemics have been detected.In one tent area, a local medical team was brewing traditional herbal juice for disease prevention, while residents lined up before the steaming wok with bowls, bottles, and even wash basins at hand."I invented this herbal brew especially for the disaster victims, which can help prevent flu and alleviate rheumatic pains," said Chen Benshan, an experienced practitioner of traditional Chinese medicine.Though the rebuilding of the county has not been put on schedule, less damaged schools are expected to resume classes on Monday."We want to start counseling classes as soon as possible to help the children recover from the terror of the earthquake," said Jin Xiasi, a member of the local rescue team.

来源：资阳报